On injection-ejection fluid influence through different accelerating porous surfaces on unsteady 2d incompressible boundary layer characteristics

Through the porous contour in perpendicular direction, the fluid of the same properties as incompressible fluid in basic flow, has been injected or ejected with velocity who is a function of the contour longitudinal coordinate and time. The corresponding equations of unsteady boundary layer, by introducing the appropriate variable transformations, momentum and energy equations and two similarity parameters sets, are transformed into generalized form. These parameters are expressing the influence of the outer flow velocity, the injection or ejection velocity and the flow history in boundary layer, on the boundary layer characteristics. Obtained generalized solutions are used to calculate the distributions of velocity, and shear stress in laminar-turbulent transition of unsteady incompressible boundary layer on different porous contours: circular cylinder, thin elliptical cylinder and aerofoil, whose centers velocities changes in time as a degree functions. The ejection of fluid postpones the boundary layer separation, i.e. laminar-turbulent transition, and vice versa the injection of fluid favors the separation. Boundary layer characteristics are found directly, no further numerical integration of momentum equation

FINANCIJSKE KORISTI RIZIK MENADŽMENTA

The aim of this article was to attract attention on the importance of risk management. Here we are dealing with the definition of the risk as something that happens in the future but cannot be predicted exactly today because there is uncertainty, further more we are giving the highligts on risk decisions and balancing risk against reward. We are also giving the guidelines concerning identification and categorization of risk and some types of risk measurement.Cilj ovog rada bio je usmjeriti pažnju na važnost upravljanja rizikom. Naglasak je na definiciji same riječi rizik i shvaćanju njezinog značenja kao i na odlučivanju kod rizičnih situacija te balansiranju negativnog aspekta i pozitivnog aspekta rizične situacije. Date su određene smjernice koje se tiču indenlifikacije i kategorizacije rizika, a samim logičnim slijedom navedeni su i tipovi rizika koji se u praksi obično nalaze isprepleteni što otežava njihovo prepoznavanje. Naravno, da bi ocijenili razinu rizičnosti potrebno je vršiti mjerenja rizika pa smo iz tog razloga rad zaključili načinima mjerenja rizika i upotrebom proizašlih rezultata

Anatomical features of the palatal root canal in maxillary first molars and their influence on endodontic procedure

Introduction: More detailed acquaintance with specialist endodontic literature and treating complicated endodontic cases have revealed that the palatal root canal in maxillary first molars has different features from generally accepted simplicity. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the number, orientation and shape of the curvature of the palatal root canal in maxillary first molars, characteristics that may have great influence on the procedure and outcome of endodontic therapy. Materials and methods: Material consisted of 100 left and 100 right extracted human first maxillary molars. Extended access cavity was prepared, and canal orifices were detected using an endodontic probe. K-flex file no 15 or 20 was then introduced into the palatal root canal until the tip appeared at the apical foramen. The tooth was radiographed from buccal-oral (clinical) and mesial-distal (proximal) aspect under standardized conditions. On magnified images, the number and character of canal, orientation and shape of the curvature were determined. Results: One palatal root canal was found in each of 200 teeth. From the clinical projection, 60% of the palatal canals appeared curved and from the proximal 93.5% (p<0.05). Out of 120 curved canals from the clinical aspect, 66.7% were oriented distally and 33.3% mesially. From the proximal projection, of 187 curved canals 68,4% were oriented buccally, and 31,6% palatally. From the clinical projection, 49.2% were C-shaped, and 32.5 % with the J-shaped curvature. Only 18.3% of the palatal canals were with the S-shaped curvature (p<0.05). Conclusions: Upon presented results, practitioners may predict with high significance the character, orientation and curvature shape of the palatal root canal in maxillary first molars in the buccal-oral dimension which is not visible on clinical radiographs and, therefore, perform more successful endodontic treatment

Antraknoza - nova bolest jagode u Srbiji i njena kontrola fungicidima

Anthracnose is a destructive disease of strawberry fruits in warm and continental climate. During 2004, in the vicinity of Valjevo, there were severe losses in two strawberry plantations due to fruit anthracnose. Two fungal isolates, GG-6A and GG-JUP were recovered from strawberry stolons and fruits showing severe anthracnose symptoms. Based on morphological and pathological characteristics, and PCR analyses with specific primers of reference species, isolate GG-6A was identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and GG-JUP isolate as C. acutatum. This is the first identification of C. acutatum in strawberry in Serbia. In order to control strawberry anthracnose, five fungicides and their combinations were applied four times during the flowering. The best fruit protection was achieved by fungicides Metiram + piraclostrobin (Cabrio top), Captan FL and Fludioksinil + ciprodinil (Swich). Less effective were Benomil (Benlate) and Krezoksim-metil (Stroby). Pathogen is transmitted by planting material, so phytosanitary measures are extremely important in preventing the disease.Antraknoza je destruktivna bolest plodova jagode u toplim i kontinentalnim klimatskim uslovima. Tokom 2004. godine, na 2 plantaže jagoda u blizini Valjeva, bilo je velikih gubitaka prouzrokovanih antraknozom. Dva izolata gljiva GG-6A i GG-JUP su izolovana iz stolona jagode, i plodova sa izraženim simptomima antraknoze. Na osnovu morfoloških i patoloških karakteristika, i PCR analize sa specifičnim prajmerima za referentne vrste, izolat GG-6A je identifikovan kao Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, a izolat GG-JUP kao C. acutatum. Ovo je prvi nalaz C. acutatum na jagodi u Srbiji. U cilju kontrole antraknoze jagode pet fungicida i njihovih kombinacija su primenjeni 4 puta tokom cvetanja. Najbolja zaštita plodova jagode je postignuta primenom fungicida Metiram + piraclostrobin (Cabrio top), Captan FL i Fludioksinil ciprodinil (Swich). Manje efektivni su bili Benomil (Benlate) i Krezoksim-metil (Stroby). Patogen se prenosi sadnim materijalom pa su fitosanitarne mere veoma važne u prevenciji bolesti

Anthracnose: A new strawberry disease in Serbia and its control by fungicides

Anthracnose is a destructive disease of strawberry fruits in warm and continental climate. During 2004, in the vicinity of Valjevo, there were severe losses in two strawberry plantations due to fruit anthracnose. Two fungal isolates, GG-6A and GG-JUP were recovered from strawberry stolons and fruits showing severe anthracnose symptoms. Based on morphological and pathological characteristics, and PCR analyses with specific primers of reference species, isolate GG-6A was identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and GG-JUP isolate as C. acutatum. This is the first identification of C. acutatum in strawberry in Serbia. In order to control strawberry anthracnose, five fungicides and their combinations were applied four times during the flowering. The best fruit protection was achieved by fungicides Metiram + piraclostrobin (Cabrio top), Captan FL and Fludioksinil + ciprodinil (Swich). Less effective were Benomil (Benlate) and Krezoksim-metil (Stroby). Pathogen is transmitted by planting material, so phytosanitary measures are extremely important in preventing the disease

Surviving and destroyed cultural and historical monuments in the Župas of Gora and Sredska and part of Prizrenski podgor in Šar mountain

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OCJENE I PRIKAZI: Akten zur deutschen auswärtigen Politik 1918-1945

Arhivska građa velikoga broja njemačkih središnjih državnih i vojnih institucija našla se potkraj i nakon Drugog svjetskog rata zaplijenjena i dijelom odnesena, prije svega u Sjedinjene Američke Države, manjim dijelom, i u Veliku Britaniju. Dokumenti nastali neposredno prije i za vrijeme rata bili su korišteni u istražnim i sudskim postupcima kao izvor podataka i vjerodostojan dokazni materijal. Kako su sva ta pitanja imala izrazito naglašenu političku dimenziju, interes saveznika za ovo gradivo prelazio je okvire njegove administrativne ili sudske upotrebljivosti

IMPACT OF FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT (FDI) ON DOMESTIC INVESTMENT IN REPUBLIC OF CROATIA

The aim of this paper is to investigate how foreign direct investment (FDI) affects domestic investment in the Republic of Croatia. More precisely, the general purpose of this study is to determine the impact of net inflow of foreign capital on domestic investment in order to gain a clearer picture about the sensitivity and efficiency of domestic investment. After parsing domestic investment and FDI in Croatia, according to Croatian Bureau of Statistics and the Croatian National Bank, a historical overview of their movement from 1995 to 2014 was analyzed. In the following an overview and comparison of studies from around the world which deal with similar topic was made. In the empirical part; domestic gross fixed capital formation, changes in domestic stocks, net FDI and GDP growth rate was used as variables. Quarterly time series data ranging from the Q1 2001 to Q4 2014 were processed with the subset VAR (vector autoregressive) econometric model. The results shows that FDI have negative influence on domestic investment in the Republic of Croatia with time lag