HPLC detection of dehydroepiandrosterone in food additives by using normal phase HPLC

A normal-phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method was developed for the determination of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in food supplements. We have used an HPLC 200 (Perkin Elmer, USA) with a spectrophotometric detector LC-785A (Bioanalytical systems, USA) and a thermostat (Perkin Elmer, Waltham, MA, USA). We have chosen isocratic HPLC elution, column: LiChrospher (100 DIOL 250 x 4 mm х 5 μm), mobile phase: acetonitrile: water = 98: 2 v/v, flow rate: 1 ml/min. and detection at λ = 202 nm. We have found that this method allows fast and selective qualitative and quantitative determination of DHEA in pharmaceutical products

Le Traitement Antibiotique Dans La Pédiatrie

The current study should be paid extra attention because antibiotics are main cluster of drugs for treatment of child infections and illnesses. They are the most commonly prescribed medicines for children, relatively expensive and consume 60-70% of the budget for treatment of child illnesses, with exclusion only in malign sickness. OBJECT: The current study represents common classification of antibiotics and the most commonly used antimicrobial agents during childhood. RESEARCH METHODS - Systematic approach and critical analysis of the available scientific periodicals - Interview method of the survey (survey data pediatricians and general practitioners in the region of Plovdiv, Bulgaria.) - Own research on the issue. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Most often, doctors use: Broad-spectrum penicillins: Amoxicillin, Amopen, Ospamox, Duomox First generation cephalosporins: Ospexin, Cephalexin Second-generation cephalosporins: Cefaclor Third generation cephalosporins: Abricef, Cefotaxime, Rocephin, Fortum Fourth generation cephalosporins: Maxipime Macrolides: Macropen Aminoglycosides: Gentamicin, Amicacine CONCLUSION: No significant differences are observed in the prescribed by the general practitioners and pediatricians antibiotics

Prognostic importance of endothelin-1 and endothelin receptor: a plasma levels in the early perimetric stage of primary open-angle glaucoma

An increasing amount of data suggests a role of the eye vascular system and oxidative stress in glaucoma pathogenesis. Reports have suggested endothelin-1 (ET-1) and its receptor (ETR-A) as possible glaucoma biomarkers. This study explored the diagnostic and prognostic abilities of ET-1 and ETR-A plasma concentrations in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). Seventy-five participants were divided into three groups: controls, early and advanced POAG stage, graded by a perimetric visual field test. All of them underwent a standard ophthalmological examination including optical coherence tomography. The statistical analysis showed a significant difference between the ET-1 values in the controls (4.88 ± 1.75 pg/mL) and the glaucoma patients, but lack of statistical significance in the glaucoma severity (early POAG: 6.33 ± 2.38 pg/mL and advanced POAG: 6.34 ± 1.56 pg/mL). The mean ETR-A values were significantly different between the three groups (controls 1209.28 ± 314.48 pg/mL, early POAG: 673.44 ± 283.02 pg/mL and advanced POAG: 992.28 ± 264.22 pg/mL). Two mathematical models were developed concerning the two perimetric indices (MD/PSD) and ETR-A in the early glaucoma group. ETR-A showed a very high diagnostic accuracy. Only ETR-A had significant diagnostic ability for advanced glaucoma after the comparison between the two glaucoma groups. Every 1 pg/mL increase in the ET-1 plasma concentration increased the possibility for early glaucoma changes by 2.124 times, whereas every 1 pg/mL increase in the ETR-A level decreased this possibility by 1%. Our results indicate that ET-1 and ETR-A could be two very good diagnostic parameters for early POAG changes

Plasma endothelin-1 and endothelin-A receptor concentrations in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma

Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor and is considered to have a key role in the regulation of ocular perfusion and glaucoma pathogenesis. High ET-1 and ETA-receptor levels are reported in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG). We compared the mean plasma ET-1 and ETA-receptor concentration of controls and patients with early and advanced POAG stage, and assessed the correlation with the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness. The study included a total of 75 participants, aged 45–83 years: 25 (controls), 22 (early glaucoma) and 28 (advanced glaucoma). The plasma concentration of ET-1 and ETA-receptor was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The RNFL thickness was evaluated with spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. The mean ET-1 concentration was lower in the control group (4.88 ± 1.75 pg/mL) than in the early and advanced POAG group (6.33 ± 2.38 and 6.34 ± 1.56 pg/mL). Statistically significant difference was found between the mean ET-1 concentrations in controls and glaucoma patients (p = 0.029 – early glaucoma, p = 0.018 – advanced glaucoma), and no significant difference was observed between the two POAG groups (p = 0.998). The mean ETA-receptor concentration was highest in the control group (1209.28 ± 314.48 pg/mL) and the differences between the three groups were significant. Significant relationship was found only between ET-1 and RNFL. This study demonstrated the role of ET-1 in glaucoma pathogenesis based on the observed significant high ET-1 and ETA-receptor plasma levels in POAG patients. A new therapeutical approach needs to be considered in some patients

Abstracts Of The Proceedings And The Posters From The Third Scientific Session Of The Medical College Of Varna

October 2-3, 201