Organic composition of Igalo bay peloid (Montenegro)

837-848Igalo peloid is known for a number of therapeutic properties (resort of healing, cosmetic or aesthetic application) and its closeness of the sea, which makes the peloid extremely valuable. So far, the organic composition of the Igalo peloid was not investigated or determined. Also, there are studies for its medical application and biological activity, which are directly related to its chemical composition. In this paper we analyzed the content of organic compounds (fatty acids, proteins, amino acids, sugars) and we also listed their main and well-known biological, pharmaceutical and medical roles and purposes. For the purpose of this study, different analytical techniques were applied to the collected peloid, including extraction, chromatographic, electrophoretic and NMR techniques

Uticaj hormona na mikrobni sistem zemljišta

Since that the effect of phytohormones on plant organisms has been well studied, while the effect of exogenous phytohormons on microorganisms is poorly studied, we consider that this issue should be paid much more attention, and it could be seen some very important aspects of biochemistry, molecular biology and genetics, as well as interactions of higher plants and epiphytic and rhizospheric microorganisms.S obzirom da je dejstvo fitohormona na biljne organizme prilično dobro proučeno, dok je učinak egzogenih fitohormona na mikroorganizme slabo proučen, smatramo da ovom pitanju treba posvetiti mnogo više pažnje, jer bi se mogli sagledati neki veoma značajni aspekti biohemije, molekularne biologije i genetike, kao i interakcije viših biljaka i epifitnih i rizosfernih mikroorganizama

Novo u funkcionisanju mikrobnih zajednica zemljišta

This paper presents a contribution to the new way of examining in the internal laws of soil functioning and also the global functions of soil cover that is present in various forms in any biotope of soil in which phytocenosis is maintained. In addition, this paper presents a contribution to the observation of the functioning of microbial communities in soil, especially in terms of the correlation between basic factors such as living microbial biomass, accessible substrate and respiration of soil, as well as the issues of microbial succession, that is, the alternation of microbial populations in soil. The paper also points out that the physiological activity, the total number of microorganisms and the composition of their species are subject to self-regulation, rather than mechanical response to environmental.Ovaj rad predstavlja doprinos novom načinu sagledavanja kako unutrašnjih zakonitosti funkcionisanja zemljišta, tako i globalnih funkcija zemljišnog pokrivača koji je prisutan u različitim oblicima u bilo kojem biotopu kopna u kojem se održava fitocenoza. Osim toga, rad predstavlja doprinos sagledavanja funkcionisanja mikrobnih zajednica u zemljištu, posebno u pogledu korelacije između osnovnih faktora kao što su živa mikrobna biomasa, pristupačni supstrat i disanje zemljišta, kao i pitanja mikrobne sukcesije, odnosno, naizmenične smene mikrobnih populacija u zemljištu. U radu se ukazuje i na to da su fiziološka aktivnost, ukupna brojnost mikroorganizama i sastav njihovih vrsta predmet samoregulacije, a ne mehanički odgovor na uslove sredine

Pastoral care and religious support as a part of treatment of religious patient with the severe form of osteoarthritis

Introduction. Religious needs of patients are consistently being neglected in the clinical medicine. Pastoral care is a religious support which a religious patient receives from priests, chaplains, imams, rabbis or other religious authorities. Religious support, in terms of clinical medicine, is a spiritual support which religious patients obtain from religious and trained medical workers. The aim of this report was to present the effects of pastoral care and religious support in hospital treatment of a 73-year-old patient with the severe form of osteoarthritis. Case report. The 73 year-old, highly religious patient with severe form of osteoarthritis was admitted at the Clinic for Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Military Medical Academy in Belgrade, due to heterogeneous problems in the activities of daily living. The patient walked with difficulty using a stick, suffered pain, and was anxious and depressive. In order to objectively demonstrate effects of both pastoral care and religious support in this patient we performed multiple treatment with reversal design, in which the basic treatment consisting of hospital care, pharmacotherapy and physical therapy (the treatment A) was alternatively changed with the treatment that included combination of the basic treatment and religious support provided by religious physiatrist and physiotherapist (the treatment B) or combination of the basic treatment and pastoral care provided by military priest (the treatment C). The treatment A was applied three times and lasted two weeks, every time. Treatments B and C were applied once and lasted three weeks, each. The order of the treatments was: A - GT B - GT A - GT C - GT A. During the whole treatment period the patients condition was assessed by several measuring scale: the level of depression by The Hamilton Rang Scale for Depression and The Zung Self Rating Depression Scale; the level of anxiety by The Zung Self Rating Anxiety Scale; the functional capability of patient by The Barthel Index and The Functional Independent Measure. Measuring was carried out on a daily basis. In statistical analysis two nonparametric statistic were used: the percentage of non-overlapping data (PND) and the percentage of data points exceeding the median (PEM). PND and PEM values below 0.7 reflect questionable effectiveness of the treatment. The values between 0.7 and 0.9 reflect moderate effects. The values above 0.9 are considered as a highly effective treatment. The anxiety of the patient was moderately to significantly reduced after introducing religious support (treatment B: mean and mean deviation = 50.1 +/- 10.89; variability = 4.598653; mean shift = 0.219626; PND = 0.6; PEM = 0.9) and pastoral care (treatment C: mean and mean deviation = 53.5 +/- 5.90; variability = 9.062591; mean shift = 0.207407; PND = 0.9; PEM = 0.9); The patients depression was reduced after introducing pastoral care (treatment C: mean and mean deviation = 51.3 +/- 4.66; variability = 10.99005; mean shift = 0.08881; PND = 0; PEM = 0.9). On the contrary, the patients functional capability was not significantly improved. Conclusion. In the highly religious patient with severe osteoarthritis pastoral care and religious support, applied along with the standard medical treatment of this condition, produced some beneficial effects on anxiety and depressive mood, but with no significant effect on patients functional capability

Organic composition of Igalo bay peloid (Montenegro)

Igalo peloid is known for a number of therapeutic properties (resort of healing, cosmetic or aesthetic application) and its closeness of the sea, which makes the peloid extremely valuable. So far, the organic composition of the Igalo peloid was not investigated or determined. Also, there are studies for its medical application and biological activity, which are directly related to its chemical composition. In this paper we analyzed the content of organic compounds (fatty acids, proteins, amino acids, sugars) and we also listed their main and well-known biological, pharmaceutical and medical roles and purposes. For the purpose of this study, different analytical techniques were applied to the collected peloid, including extraction, chromatographic, electrophoretic and NMR techniques

New insights into the genetic etiology of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias

Characterization of the genetic landscape of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related dementias (ADD) provides a unique opportunity for a better understanding of the associated pathophysiological processes. We performed a two-stage genome-wide association study totaling 111,326 clinically diagnosed/'proxy' AD cases and 677,663 controls. We found 75 risk loci, of which 42 were new at the time of analysis. Pathway enrichment analyses confirmed the involvement of amyloid/tau pathways and highlighted microglia implication. Gene prioritization in the new loci identified 31 genes that were suggestive of new genetically associated processes, including the tumor necrosis factor alpha pathway through the linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex. We also built a new genetic risk score associated with the risk of future AD/dementia or progression from mild cognitive impairment to AD/dementia. The improvement in prediction led to a 1.6- to 1.9-fold increase in AD risk from the lowest to the highest decile, in addition to effects of age and the APOE ε4 allele

Multiancestry analysis of the HLA locus in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases uncovers a shared adaptive immune response mediated by HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes

Across multiancestry groups, we analyzed Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) associations in over 176,000 individuals with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) versus controls. We demonstrate that the two diseases share the same protective association at the HLA locus. HLA-specific fine-mapping showed that hierarchical protective effects of HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes best accounted for the association, strongest with HLA-DRB1*04:04 and HLA-DRB1*04:07, and intermediary with HLA-DRB1*04:01 and HLA-DRB1*04:03. The same signal was associated with decreased neurofibrillary tangles in postmortem brains and was associated with reduced tau levels in cerebrospinal fluid and to a lower extent with increased Aβ42. Protective HLA-DRB1*04 subtypes strongly bound the aggregation-prone tau PHF6 sequence, however only when acetylated at a lysine (K311), a common posttranslational modification central to tau aggregation. An HLA-DRB1*04-mediated adaptive immune response decreases PD and AD risks, potentially by acting against tau, offering the possibility of therapeutic avenues

Antifungal activity of six plant essential oils from Serbia against Trichoderma aggressivum f. europaeum

Six essential oils (EOs) extracted from plants originating in Serbia were assayed for inhibitory and fungicidal activity against a major fungal pathogen of button mushroom causing green mould disease, Trichoderma agressivum f. europaeum. The strongest activity was demonstrated by the oils of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) and peppermint (Mentha piperita L.). Medium antifungal activity of St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) and walnut [Juglans regia (F)] oils was also recorded. Oils extracted from yarrow (Achillea millepholium L.) and juniper (Juniperus communis L.) exhibited the lowest activity. Peppermint oil showed fungicidal effect on the pathogen, having a minimum fungicidal concentration of 0.64 μl ml-1. The main components of peppermint essential oil were menthone (37.02%), menthol (29.57%) and isomenthone (9.06%)

Antifungalna aktivnost šest etarskih ulja poreklom iz Srbije na Trichoderma aggressivum f. europaeum

Six essential oils (EOs) extracted from plants originating in Serbia were assayed for inhibitory and fungicidal activity against a major fungal pathogen of button mushroom causing green mould disease, Trichoderma agressivum f. europaeum. The strongest activity was demonstrated by the oils of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) and peppermint (Mentha piperita L.). Medium antifungal activity of St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) and walnut [Juglans regia (F)] oils was also recorded. Oils extracted from yarrow (Achillea millepholium L.) and juniper (Juniperus communis L.) exhibited the lowest activity. Peppermint oil showed fungicidal effect on the pathogen, having a minimum fungicidal concentration of 0.64 μl ml-1. The main components of peppermint essential oil were menthone (37.02%), menthol (29.57%) and isomenthone (9.06%).Ispitana je inhibitorna i fungicidna aktivnost šest etarskih ulja ekstrahovanih iz biljaka poreklom iz Srbije na Trichoderma agressivum f. europaeum. Patogen je prouzrokovač zelene plesni šampinjona, bolesti koja nanosi najviše štete u prinosu. Najveću aktivnost je ispoljilo ulje bosiljka (Ocimum basilicum L.) i pitome nane (Mentha piperita L.). Niža aktivnost je uočena kod ulja kantariona (Hypericum perforatum L.) i oraha [Juglans regia (F)]. Ulja ekstrahovana iz hajdučke trave (Achillea millepholium L.) i kleke (Juniperus communis L.) ispoljila su najmanju aktivnost. Ulje pitome nane je ispoljilo fungicidni efekat na patogena, sa minimalnom fungicidnom koncentracijom od 0.64 μl ml-1. Najzastupljenije komponente etarskog ulja nane su bile menton (37.02%), mentol (29.57%) i izomenton (9.06%)

New records and noteworthy data of plants, algae and fungi in SE Europe and adjacent regions, 3

This paper presents new records and noteworthy data on the following taxa in SE Europe and adjacent regions: parasitic fungus Antherospora hortensis, saprotrophic fungi Loweomyces fractipes and Pholiota henningsii, stonewort Chara canescens, mosses Grimmia caespiticia and Rhodobryum ontariense, fern Woodsia alpina, monocots Aegilops triuncialis, Epipactis purpurata, Galanthus elwesii and Typha shuttleworthii and dicot Umbilicus luteus