Diseño e implementación de un laboratorio para el estudio del envejecimiento en acelerómetros basado en LabVIEW

El trabajo presentado a continuación consiste en el diseño, construcción y programación de un laboratorio virtual, basado en LabVIEW, para efectuar ensayos de envejecimiento en micro-acelerómetros. Para obtener las señales de los acelerómetros ha sido necesario emplear un sistema de adquisición de señales, en éste caso señales analógicas. Se ha programado un sistema de adquisición de datos para las dieciséis salidas en las direcciones X e Y de los ocho acelerómetros que se ensayan simultáneamente. El diseño de la placa de circuito impreso o PCB (Printed Circuit Board) de soporte de los acelerómetros ha sido un factor determinante debido a las limitaciones de la herramienta de vibración. El condicionante del peso ha obligado a diseñar específicamente mediante CAD e impresión 3D el soporte. El control del instrumento de vibración se realiza mediante un generador de funciones interconectado al sistema de instrumentación mediante el bus de instrumentación estándar GPIB. A todo lo dispuesto anteriormente y debido a la extensión temporal de los ensayos de envejecimiento que se desean realizar, se ha dispuesto un sistema de Laboratorio virtual para contar con acceso remoto y on-line de la experimentación no solo en el PC de control sino también a través de internet mediante un terminal portátil

Perfil del egresado y formación profesional en derecho minero en las facultades de derecho de universidades de La Libertad, 2021

A pesar de que la minería es la actividad económica más importante de nuestro país, salvo excepciones, el curso de derecho minero no es obligatorio en la formación universitaria de las facultades de derecho, ocasionando que los estudiantes no logren durante su formación profesional las competencias suficientes en materia minera para hacer frente a las demandas del entorno socioeconómico laboral minero. Por eso, el objetivo principal de este trabajo de investigación fue establecer la relación entre el perfil del egresado y la formación profesional en derecho minero en las facultades de derecho de universidades de La Libertad, 2021. La investigación es de tipo básica, descriptivo-correlacional y no experimental, estando conformada por una población de 60 egresados de las facultades de derecho de las universidades de La Libertad, a los cuales se les aplicó una encuesta acerca del perfil del egresado y formación profesional en derecho minero. Se constató la hipótesis por Rho de Spearman, logrando demostrar que existe relación altamente significativa (r=0.401**) entre el perfil del egresado y la formación profesional en derecho minero en las facultades de derecho de universidades de La Libertad, 2021; lo que hace necesario que la enseñanza del curso de derecho minero sea obligatoria

Improved Animal Tracking Algorithm using Distributed Kalman Filter-based Algortihms

Animal tracking has been addressed by different initiatives over the last two decades. Most of them rely on satellite connectivity on every single node and lack of energy-saving strategies. This paper presents several new contributions on the tracking of dynamic heterogeneous asynchronous networks (primary nodes with GPS and secondary nodes with a kinetic generator) motivated by the animal tracking paradigm with random transmissions. A simple approach based on connectivity and coverage intersection is compared with more sophisticated algorithms based on ad-hoc implementations of distributed Kalman-based filters that integrate measurement information using Consensus principles in order to provide enhanced accuracy. Several simulations varying the coverage range, the random behavior of the kinetic generator (modeled as a Poisson Process) and the periodic activation of GPS are included. In addition, this study is enhanced with HW developments and implementations on commercial off-the-shelf equipment which show the feasibility for performing these proposals on real hardware

ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND ITS APPROACH TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT BASED ON A CIRCULAR ECONOMY MODEL: A REVIEW

A documentary review was carried out on the production and publication of research papers related to the study of the variables Sustainable Development and Circular Economy. The purpose of the bibliometric analysis proposed in this document was to know the main characteristics of the volume of publications registered in the Scopus database during the period 20 17-202 2, achieving the identification of 482 publications in total. The information provided by this platform was organized through graphs and figures categorizing the information by the Year  of Publication, Country of Origin, Area of Knowledge and Type of Publication. Once these characteristics have been described, the position of different authors on the proposed theme is referenced through a qualitative analysis. Among the main findings made through this research, it is found that Brazil was the Latin American country with the highest number of registrations in Scopus with a total of 249 publicationsreferring to the analysisof entrepreneurship and its focus on Sustainable Development and the Circular Economy.  The Area of Knowledge that made the greatest contribution to the  study variables  was Environmental Sciences  with 295 published documents, and the Type of Publication that was most used during the period indicated above was  the Journal Articles that represent 65% of the total scientific production

ANÁLISIS DE LA CADENA PRODUCTIVA DEL CAFÉ EN EL ESTADO DE NAYARIT, MEXICO - Analysis of the coffee productive chain in the state of Nayarit, Mexico

El estado de Nayarit es uno de los quince estados cafetaleros del país, el cual aporta 2,5%. El objetivo fue analizar la cadena productiva del café, considerando a los agentes, sus relaciones y funciones así como los factores que afectan su competitividad. La metodología propuesta por la Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL, 2014) a través de talleres de planeación participativa con la asistencia de 135 entre expertos y productores clave de los municipios del estado. La cadena productiva consta de cinco eslabones (producción, transformación, industrialización, comercialización y agentes) y sus principales restricciones es la desorganización de los productores, poca vinculación de las instituciones y los productores, faltan políticas que integren la cadena, plagas y enfermedades del café (roya, broca), cafetos viejos, insuficiente capacitación y poca innovación tecnológica. Es importante impulsar el desarrollo de la cadena mediante establecimiento de alianzas con instituciones de gobierno y sector privado que promuevan las inversiones para producir café de alta calidad y competitivo en el mercado internacional

Social network typologies and mortality risk among older people in China, India, and Latin America: A 10/66 Dementia Research Group population-based cohort study

BACKGROUND: Restricted social networks have been associated with higher mortality in several developed countries but there are no studies on this topic from developing countries. This gap exists despite potentially greater dependence on social networks for support and survival due to various barriers to health care and social protection schemes in this setting. Thus, this study aims to examine how social network type at baseline predicts all-cause mortality among older adults in six Latin American countries, China, and India. METHODS: Population-based surveys were conducted of all individuals aged 65+ years in eight countries (Cuba, Dominican Republic, Peru, Venezuela, Mexico, Puerto Rico, China, and India). Data on mortality were obtained at follow-up (mean 3.8 years after cohort inception). Follow-up data for 13,891 individuals were analysed. Social network types were assessed using Wenger's Practitioner Assessment of Network Type (PANT). Cox proportional hazard models were constructed to estimate the impact of social network type on mortality risk in each country, adjusting for socio-demographics, receipt of pension, disability, medical conditions, and depression. Meta-analysis was performed to obtain pooled estimates. RESULTS: The prevalence of private network type was 64.4% in urban China and 1.6% in rural China, while the prevalence of locally integrated type was 6.6% in urban China and 86.8% in rural China. The adjusted pooled estimates across (a) all countries and (b) Latin America showed that, compared to the locally integrated social network type, the locally self-contained [(b) HR = 1.24, 95%CI 1.01-1.51], family dependent [(a) HR = 1.13, 95%CI 1.01-1.26; (b) HR = 1.13, 95%CI 1.001-1.28], and private [(a) HR = 1.36, 95%CI 1.06-1.73; (b) HR = 1.45, 95%CI 1.20-1.75] social network types were significantly associated with higher mortality risk. CONCLUSION: Survival time is significantly reduced in individuals embedded in restricted social networks (i.e. locally self-contained, family dependent, and private network types). Social care interventions may be enhanced by addressing the needs of those most at risk of neglect and deteriorating health. Health policy makers in developing countries may use this information to plan efficient use of limited resources by targeting those embedded in restricted social networks. Copyright © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. KEYWORDS: Ageing; Developing countries; Interpersonal relations; Mortality; Social networks; Social support; Survival rat

The Association Between Home Stay and Symptom Severity in Major Depressive Disorder: Preliminary Findings From a Multicenter Observational Study Using Geolocation Data From Smartphones

BACKGROUND: Most smartphones and wearables are currently equipped with location sensing (using GPS and mobile network information), which enables continuous location tracking of their users. Several studies have reported that various mobility metrics, as well as home stay, that is, the amount of time an individual spends at home in a day, are associated with symptom severity in people with major depressive disorder (MDD). Owing to the use of small and homogeneous cohorts of participants, it is uncertain whether the findings reported in those studies generalize to a broader population of individuals with MDD symptoms. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to examine the relationship between the overall severity of depressive symptoms, as assessed by the 8-item Patient Health Questionnaire, and median daily home stay over the 2 weeks preceding the completion of a questionnaire in individuals with MDD. METHODS: We used questionnaire and geolocation data of 164 participants with MDD collected in the observational Remote Assessment of Disease and Relapse-Major Depressive Disorder study. The participants were recruited from three study sites: King's College London in the United Kingdom (109/164, 66.5%); Vrije Universiteit Medisch Centrum in Amsterdam, the Netherlands (17/164, 10.4%); and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red in Barcelona, Spain (38/164, 23.2%). We used a linear regression model and a resampling technique (n=100 draws) to investigate the relationship between home stay and the overall severity of MDD symptoms. Participant age at enrollment, gender, occupational status, and geolocation data quality metrics were included in the model as additional explanatory variables. The 95% 2-sided CIs were used to evaluate the significance of model variables. RESULTS: Participant age and severity of MDD symptoms were found to be significantly related to home stay, with older (95% CI 0.161-0.325) and more severely affected individuals (95% CI 0.015-0.184) spending more time at home. The association between home stay and symptoms severity appeared to be stronger on weekdays (95% CI 0.023-0.178, median 0.098; home stay: 25th-75th percentiles 17.8-22.8, median 20.9 hours a day) than on weekends (95% CI -0.079 to 0.149, median 0.052; home stay: 25th-75th percentiles 19.7-23.5, median 22.3 hours a day). Furthermore, we found a significant modulation of home stay by occupational status, with employment reducing home stay (employed participants: 25th-75th percentiles 16.1-22.1, median 19.7 hours a day; unemployed participants: 25th-75th percentiles 20.4-23.5, median 22.6 hours a day). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that home stay is associated with symptom severity in MDD and demonstrate the importance of accounting for confounding factors in future studies. In addition, they illustrate that passive sensing of individuals with depression is feasible and could provide clinically relevant information to monitor the course of illness in patients with MDD

Long-term participant retention and engagement patterns in an app and wearable-based multinational remote digital depression study

Recent growth in digital technologies has enabled the recruitment and monitoring of large and diverse populations in remote health studies. However, the generalizability of inference drawn from remotely collected health data could be severely impacted by uneven participant engagement and attrition over the course of the study. We report findings on long-term participant retention and engagement patterns in a large multinational observational digital study for depression containing active (surveys) and passive sensor data collected via Android smartphones, and Fitbit devices from 614 participants for up to 2 years. Majority of participants (67.6%) continued to remain engaged in the study after 43 weeks. Unsupervised clustering of participants' study apps and Fitbit usage data showed 3 distinct engagement subgroups for each data stream. We found: (i) the least engaged group had the highest depression severity (4 PHQ8 points higher) across all data streams; (ii) the least engaged group (completed 4 bi-weekly surveys) took significantly longer to respond to survey notifications (3.8 h more) and were 5 years younger compared to the most engaged group (completed 20 bi-weekly surveys); and (iii) a considerable proportion (44.6%) of the participants who stopped completing surveys after 8 weeks continued to share passive Fitbit data for significantly longer (average 42 weeks). Additionally, multivariate survival models showed participants' age, ownership and brand of smartphones, and recruitment sites to be associated with retention in the study. Together these findings could inform the design of future digital health studies to enable equitable and balanced data collection from diverse populations