Theoretical Interpretation of Polarized Light-Induced Supramolecular Orientation on the Basis of Normal Mode Analysis of Azobenzene as Hybrid Materials in PMMA with Chiral Schiff Base Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) Complexes

We have prepared hybrid materials of azobenzene and chiral Schiff base Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) complexes and investigated their linearly or circularly polarized UV (ultraviolet) light-induced supramolecular orientation with polarized electronic and IR spectra or CD (circular dichroism) spectra. The experimental FT-IR (Fourier transfer-infrared) spectra of azobenzene molecules were recorded at room temperature, and the results were compared with quantum chemical theoretical values using B3LYP, M052X, and M062X DFT (density functional theory) methods. The interaction of azobenzene with PMMA was simulated. Molecular geometry, vibrational wavenumbers, and thermodynamic parameters were calculated in all these systems. With the help of specific scaling procedures for the computed wavenumbers, the experimentally observed FT-IR bands were analyzed and assigned to different normal modes of the molecule. Most modes had wavenumbers in the expected range, and the error obtained was in general very low. Several general conclusions were deduced

Intravenous immunoglobulin for the treatment of Kawasaki disease

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of IVIG in treating and preventing cardiac consequences of Kawasaki disease

Machine learning-based prediction of relapse in rheumatoid arthritis patients using data on ultrasound examination and blood test

Recent effective therapies enable most rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients to achieve remission; however, some patients experience relapse. We aimed to predict relapse in RA patients through machine learning (ML) using data on ultrasound (US) examination and blood test. Overall, 210 patients with RA in remission at baseline were dichotomized into remission (n = 150) and relapse (n = 60) based on the disease activity at 2-year follow-up. Three ML classifiers [Logistic Regression, Random Forest, and extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost)] and data on 73 features (14 US examination data, 54 blood test data, and five data on patient information) at baseline were used for predicting relapse. The best performance was obtained using the XGBoost classifier (area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) = 0.747), compared with Random Forest and Logistic Regression (AUC = 0.719 and 0.701, respectively). In the XGBoost classifier prediction, ten important features, including wrist/metatarsophalangeal superb microvascular imaging scores, were selected using the recursive feature elimination method. The performance was superior to that predicted by researcher-selected features, which are conventional prognostic markers. These results suggest that ML can provide an accurate prediction of relapse in RA patients, and the use of predictive algorithms may facilitate personalized treatment options

Effectiveness of Anti-PD-1 Antibody Monotherapy for the Primary Malignant Melanoma of the Esophagus： A Case Report

Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus（PMME）is extraordinarily rare with a high degree of malignancy and poor prognosis, and a standard therapy remains to be established. The anti-PD-1 antibody nivolumab is a promising agent for various cancers. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of PMME where a complete response was achieved using nivolumab. We report an 80-year-old woman who was diagnosed with PMME with bone metastasis and lymph node metastases. Although dacarbazine combined chemotherapy was performed and continued for six cycles, the primary tumor progressed and liver metastases appeared. The patient then received nivolumab monotherapy. After three cycles, nivolumab monotherapy for PMME resulted in a complete response as shown by positron emission tomography, computed tomography, and esophagogastroduodenoscopy. In our case, nivolumab exerted a curative effect on PMME, thus suggesting that nivolumab can be effective in the treatment of this rare disease

Correlation between 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/computed Tomography and Clinicopathological Features in Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast

We evaluated the usefulness of preoperative 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) examinations to predict the pathological features in primary breast cancer. In particular, we evaluated the correlation between the maximum standardized uptake values (SUVmax) obtained by 18F-FDG PET/CT and the Ki67 expression in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). Primary IDC patients operated between March 2009 and July 2013 at Okayama University Hospital were enrolled. We evaluated the correlations between the SUVmax and age, postoperative pT, histological grade, lymph vascular invasion, status of hormone receptor, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), Ki67 expression and node status. The Ki67 expression was classified as high (>14%) versus low (<14%). We enrolled 138 patients with IDC. Their median SUVmax was 3.85 (range:0-52.57). In a univariate analysis, the SUVmax was significantly related to age, pT, histological grade, lymphovascular invasion, hormone receptor status, HER2 status, node status and Ki67. In the 113 patients with ER-positive IDC, there was a significant correlation between Ki67 and SUVmax (p=0.0030). The preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT results of IDC patients had significant relationships with pathological status parameters. The determination of the preoperative SUVmax might help classify Luminal A and Luminal B patients among luminal-type breast cancer patients

乳腺腺様嚢胞癌においてサイトケラチン5/6の腺腔形成細胞の染色性は類似病変との鑑別に有用である

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) of the breast is an uncommon but distinct neoplasm composed of a dual cell population polarized around true glandular (luminal) spaces and pseudolumina. The aim of this study was to clarify whether various immunohistochemical markers (CK7, EMA, CD117, p63, calponin, CD10, S100, CK5/6, CK14, vimentin, and type IV collagen) can distinguish between the two cell types in classical AdCC (n = 14) and in collagenous spherulosis (n = 5). The sensitivity and specificity of these 11 markers to distinguish luminal from abluminal cells were evaluated using a curve created by plotting the true-positive rate (sensitivity) against the false-positive rate (1 - specificity) at threshold settings of 0, 10, 50, and 70 %. The most sensitive and specific markers for luminal cells in AdCC were CK7 and EMA; those for abluminal cells were type IV collagen, p63, and vimentin. CD10 and S100 did not act as abluminal markers in AdCC. CK5/6, one of the basal/myoepithelial markers, was expressed more frequently in luminal than in abluminal cells of AdCC. Thus, CK5/6 immunostaining resulted in a reverse expression pattern, analogous to what we recently documented in clear cells in mammary adenomyoepithelioma. In conclusion, compared with myoepithelial/abluminal cells of normal breast or collagenous spherulosis, the neoplastic abluminal cells of classical AdCC are characterized by enhanced vimentin and attenuated CD10 and S100. Furthermore, the luminal cells of AdCC show a unique aberrant staining pattern for CK5/6 that may aid in the differential diagnosis.博士（医学）・乙第1389号・平成28年11月24日© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2016The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00428-016-1963-

Evaluation of a one-step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) assay for sentinel lymph node metastases in early breast cancer

　Introduction: The one-step nucleic acid amplification (OSNA) assay is a new method to detect sentinel lymph node (SLN) metastases using cytokeratin 19 (CK19) mRNA in early breast cancer. Here we retrospectively analyzed the advantages and disadvantages of the OSNA assay. 　Methods: In a trial period, SLNs were divided into two sections, and we examined one side using the OSNA assay. The other side was examined by pathologists. After this period, we examined whole SLNs using only the OSNA assay. The patients with positive nodes by OSNA assay and/or pathology required axillary dissection. 　Results: We examined 27 primary breast cancer patients (36 SLNs) during the trial period. The overall concordance rate between the OSNA assay and pathology results was 91%. In the later period, 157 patients (217 SLNs) were examined. The CK19-positive rate obtained by the OSNA assay was 16.5% (macrometastases OSNA (++) : 7.2%, micrometastases OSNA (+) : 9.2%). The non-SLN positive rate among the CK19-positivecases was 23%. The OSNA assay's false negative was one case in which the expression of CK-19 on the primary tumor and lymph node was not detected. 　Conclusions: Our OSNA assay results were comparable to those obtained using a conventional pathological technique. Pathologists and laboratory technicians could save time and effort by using the OSNA assay when seeking the precise diagnosis during surgery