PRIKAZ DOMAĆIH I STRANIH KULTIVARA LUKA (Allium cepa L.) ZA POTENCIJAL PROIZVODNJE SJEMENA

An experiment was conducted aiming to find out the seed production potentiality of 19 local and exotic onion cultivars. The analysis of variance showed significant differences among the genotypes for all characters except sprouting percentage, number of flowers per umbel and number of umbel per bulb. Maximum number of days to 50% bolting (52.67) was exhibited by the genotype G2 and minimum by G6 (27.00 days). The larger bulb size after harvest was obtained from G14 and G19 (18.11 g). Genotypes G4 and G11 required the maximum (16.66) and the minimum (9.00) days for 100% sprouting, respectively. The highest stalk length was found in the genotype G1 (67.23 cm) and the lowest in G8 (38.47 cm). Maximum number (5.75) of stalk was produced by the genotype G7 and minimum number (2.09) of stalk by the genotype G11. The genotype G1 produced the highest number of seeds per umbel (1395.92) and seed yield per plant (4.29 g). The lowest (0.45 g) seed yield per plant and maximum bulb weight was obtained by the genotype G8.Istraživanje je provedeno s ciljem utvrđivanja potencijala sjemenske proizvodnje 19 domaćih i stranih kultivara luka. Analiza varijance pokazala je signifikantne razlike između genotipova za sva svojstva, osim postotka naklijavanja, broja cvjetova po štitastom cvatu i broja štitastog cvata po lukovici. Maksimalan broj dana do 50% naklijavanja (52,67) je svojstvo genotipa G2, a minimalan (27,00 dana) je svojstvo genotipa G6. Nakon vađenja utvrđena je veća lukovica kod genotipova 14 i 19 (18,11 g). Genotipovi G4 i G11 trebali su maksimalno 16,66 dana, odnosno minimalno 9,00 dana za 100% naklijavanja, redosljedom. Genotip G1 imao je najdulju (67,23 cm), a G8 najkraću (38,47 cm) stabljiku. Maksimalan broj stabljika (5,75) ustanovljen je kod genotipa G7, a minimalan (2,09) kod genotipa G11. Ustanovljeno je da G1 ima najveći broj sjemena po štitastom cvatu (1395,92) i prinosa sjemena po biljci (4,29 g). Najniži prinos sjemena (0,45 g), kao i najteža lukovica po biljci dobiveni su od genotipa G8

Jatropha Biofuel Industry: The Challenges

Considering environmental issues and to reduce dependency on fossil fuel many countries have politicized to replenish fossil fuel demand from renewable sources. Citing the potential of Jatropha mostly without any scientific and technological backup, it is believed to be one of the most suitable biofuel candidates. Huge grants were released by many projects for huge plantation of Jatropha (millions of hectares). Unfortunately, there has been no significant progress, and Jatropha did not contribute much in the energy scenario. Unavailability of high-yielding cultivar, large-scale plantation without the evaluation of the planting materials, knowledge gap and basic research gap seem to be the main reasons for failure. Thus, the production of Jatropha as a biofuel has been confronted with various challenges such as production, oil extraction, conversion and also its use as a sustainable biofuel. In this chapter, we disclose the challenges and possible remedy for the contribution in the biofuel industry

Jatropha Curcas L. Biomass Waste and Its Utilization

Jatropha curcas L. is cultivated for its oil utilization as fuel feedstock. This main purpose is achieved with the biomass waste after oil extraction. The biomass wastes are leaf and stem from pruning, fruit hull, seed husk, and oily-cake. This paper discusses the utilization of the waste in order to achieve zero waste of jatropha and develop the jatropha utilizations. Jatropha waste is also utilized as fertilizer, briquettes, adsorbent, resin, and bioactive compost. It can also be utilized as feedstock for production of polymer composite, combustion for gasifier, biogas, liquid oil, and dye. These wide utilizations make jatropha very suitable for biofuel proposes

Diallel analysis for seed yield and related traits in an energy crop jatropha curcas

Six parents (P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 and P6) half diallel population of Jatropha curcas were evaluated to determine the combining ability, genetic components of variance and heterosis for yield contributing traits. Diallel analysis showed that both additive and dominance gene action was responsible for the genetic regulation of all the traits under study. The cross combination P1 × P3 showed the highest positive specific combining ability for seed yield per plant. Combining ability results were also in close agreement with the findings of estimate of genetic components of variance. The seeds per fruit (89%) and 100-seed weight (93%) showed maximum narrow sense heritability. Seed yield per plant showed high mid parent (254.13%) and better parent (202.36%) heterosis in the cross combinations of P2 × P5 and P1 × P3, respectively. The parents of P1, P2, P3 and P5 were found to be superior for seed yield components when used in cross. Considering seed production for each plant, the hybrids P1 × P2, P1 × P3, P2 × P5 and P4 × P6 could be selected for the development of hybrid varieties

Phytochemical composition of calyx extract of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) genotypes

Thirty five roselle genotypes were evaluated at the experimental field of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University during August 2015 to February 2016. Based on agronomic performance 15 genotypes were selected for the analysis of phytochemical composition and the nutritional quality of calyx extract. The objective of the research was to estimate phytochemical constituents such as carotenoid, flavonoid, phenol, anthocyanin, vitamin C content and antioxidant activity of calyx extract of roselle. The genotype BUM-003 (873.61 μg/g) contained high amount of phenol among the 15 genotypes followed by BUM-007 (867.84 μg/g) and the lowest (481.57 μg/g) in genotype 4561. The high amount of carotenoid was estimated in the genotypes BUM-003, BUM-004, BUM-007 (30.18, 30.95, 29.69 μg/g, respectively). The genotypes 1740 (7.07 μg/g) and 4561 (7.73 μg/g) contained less amount of carotenoid. All the genotypes contained high amount of anthocyanin (>80 μg/g) except 1740, 4561, BUM-002. High amount of flavonoid was estimated in the calyx extract of the genotypes BUM-003 (399.15 μg/g) and BUM-004 (407.34 μg/g). The highest amount of antioxidant was estimated in the genotype BUM-002 (492.87 μg/g) followed by 4385 (488.09 μg/g) and 4920 (487.99 μg/g). Antioxidant activity was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl hydrate (DPPH) radical scavenging assay and maximum was found in the genotype 4920 (95.09%) followed by 4385 (94.12%), BUM-002 (93.55%) and minimum (72.83%) in the genotype 4537. The highest amount of vitamin C was estimated in the genotypes BUM-003 (312.97 μg/g) and the lowest in the genotype 4561 (26.20 μg/g). From the overall phytochemical composition it might be concluded that the calyces of the genotypes 4385, 4920, BUM-002, BUM-003, BUM-004, BUM-007 are the excellent source of natural antioxidants. The calyx extract of the genotype BUM-004 contain the highest amount of carotenoids (31μg/g), ascorbic acid (424.19μg/g), antioxidant (485.85 μg/g BHT eqv) and antioxidant activity (94.50 %). The genotype 4537 contain the highest amount anthocyanins (87.7 μg/g and) and flavonoid (404.40μg/g). The genotype BUM-003 (869.45 μg/g) contained the highest amount of phenol in the calyx extract.Keywords: Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), nutrition, chemical composition, calyx extrac

Effect of dietary supplementation of immunobiotic lactiplantibacillus plantarum n14 fermented rakkyo (Allium chinense) pickled juice on the immunocompetence and production performance of pigs

Rakkyo (Allium chinense), is a Japanese leek that is primarily used to make a popular sweet or sour pickled dish. Lactic acid bacteria are often involved in the preparation steps of fermented pickles, which helps in the effective preservation of the natural bioactive compounds of fruits and vegetable, and thereby exert several health benefits including immunomodulation and growth per-formance. This work aimed to evaluate the in vivo effects of adding Lactiplantibacillus plantarum N14 fermented rakkyo pickled juice as feed supplement on the immunocompetence and production performance of pigs. We first analyzed the nutritional composition, which revealed that the proportion of protein, lipid, and water-soluble fiber content were estimated as of 4%, 5%, and 5% in rakkyo residual liquid or juice, while 22%, 15% and 14%, respectively, were estimated in rakkyo residual powder. For the in vivo feeding trials, three groups of pigs were treated either with 5%, 20%, or 40% mixture (v/v) of fermented rakkyo pickled juice and the grinded residual liquid supplemented in the drinking water in addition to standard feed. The results of the feeding trials showed that the administration of a juice mixture of 5% or 20% (fermented pickled juice and residual liquid) had a similar trend of effects in improving the complement activity, phagocytic activity and leucocytes counts in the peripheral blood when compared to pigs fed with 40% mixture or untreated controls. Those changes were related to an improved resistance to enteric infections. Moreover, animals receiving a mixture of fermented pickled juice and fermented rakkyo residues had a higher growth rate and carcass quality than controls. The results suggested that the use of 5% mixture of fermented rakkyo pickled juice and the residual liquid through drinking water could be a cost-effective approach to promote the immune-health and production performance of pigs. This approach would contribute not only to the sustainable management of food wastes but also to the application of a value-added feed supplement for the promotion of animal health and production.Fil: Islam, Md Aminul. Tohoku University; Japón. Bangladesh Agricultural University; BangladeshFil: Hashiguchi, Kenji. No especifíca;Fil: Humayun Kober, A.K.M.. Tohoku University; Japón. Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University; BangladeshFil: Morie, Kyoko. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Zhou, Binghui. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Tomokiyo, Mikado. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Shimazu, Tomoyuki. Miyagi University; JapónFil: Aso, Hisashi. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Villena, Julio Cesar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Suda, Yoshihito. Miyagi University; JapónFil: Kitazawa, Haruki. Tohoku University; Japó

Immunobiotic feed developed with Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii TUA4408L and the soymilk by-product okara improves health and growth performance in pigs

Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. delbrueckii TUA4408L is able to differentially modulate the innate immune response of porcine intestinal epithelial cells triggered by TLR4 activation. This strain also has a remarkable ability to grow on plant substrates. These two immunological and biotechnological characteristics prompted us to evaluate whether the soymilk by-product okara fermented with the TUA4408L strain can serve as an immunobiotic feed with the ability to beneficially modulate the intestinal immunity of piglets after weaning to improve their productivity. Our in vivo studies demonstrated that the administration of immunobiotic TUA4408L-fermented okara feed significantly increased piglet growth performance and meat quality. These positive effects were associated with the ability of the TUA4408L-fermented okara feed to beneficially modulate both intestinal microbiota and immunity in pigs. The immunobiotic feed improved the abundance of the beneficial bacteria Lactobacillus and Lactococcus in the gut of pigs, reduced blood markers of inflammation, and differentially regulated the expression of inflammatory and regulatory cytokines in the intestinal mucosa. These findings indicate that the immunobiotic TUA4408L-fermented okara feed could be an economical and environmentally friendly option to improve the growth performance and immune health of pigs.Fil: Suda, Yoshihito. Miyagi University; JapónFil: Sasaki, Nana. Miyagi University; JapónFil: Kagawa, Kyoma. Miyagi University; JapónFil: Elean, Mariano Daniel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Zhou, Binghui. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Tomokiyo, Mikado. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Islam, Md Aminul. Tohoku University; Japón. Bangladesh Agricultural University; BangladeshFil: Shahid Riaz Rajoka, Muhammad. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Humayun Kober, A.K.M.. Tohoku University; Japón. Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University; BangladeshFil: Shimazu, Tomoyuki. Miyagi University; JapónFil: Egusa, Shintaro. No especifíca;Fil: Terashima, Yuji. No especifíca;Fil: Aso, Hisashi. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Ikeda Ohtsubo, Wakako. Tohoku University; JapónFil: Villena, Julio Cesar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Tucumán. Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos; ArgentinaFil: Kitazawa, Haruki. Tohoku University; Japó

Victorious victims: political trasnformation in traditional society/ Islam

xvii, 158 hal.: ill.; 23 c

SCREENING OF LOCAL AND EXOTIC ONION (ALLIUM CEPA L.) CULTIVARS FOR SEED PRODUCTION POTENTIALITY

An experiment was conducted aiming to find out the seed production potentiality of 19 local and exotic onion cultivars. The analysis of variance showed significant differences among the genotypes for all characters except sprouting percentage, number of flowers per umbel and number of umbel per bulb. Maximum number of days to 50% bolting (52.67) was exhibited by the genotype G2 and minimum by G6 (27.00 days). The larger bulb size after harvest was obtained from G14 and G19 (18.11 g). Genotypes G4 and G11 required the maximum (16.66) and the minimum (9.00) days for 100% sprouting, respectively. The highest stalk length was found in the genotype G1 (67.23 cm) and the lowest in G8 (38.47 cm). Maximum number (5.75) of stalk was produced by the genotype G7 and minimum number (2.09) of stalk by the genotype G11. The genotype G1 produced the highest number of seeds per umbel (1395.92) and seed yield per plant (4.29 g). The lowest (0.45 g) seed yield per plant and maximum bulb weight was obtained by the genotype G8

Germination behaviour of 6 × 6 diallel hybrids of an energy crop Jatropha curcas L.

The seeds of 6 × 6 half diallel progenies of Jatropha curcas were used to evaluate the effects of genotypes (parents and their hybrids) on germination traits of jatropha at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Germination traits were varied significantly (p<0.01) among the seeds of hybrids and their parents. The germination was started at four days after planting and prolonged until 15 days. Seed germination varied from 58.06 to 92.76% among the parents and 53.43 to 98.96% among the hybrids. The highest germination was observed in the hybrid P2 × P4 and none of the hybrid or parent showed complete (100%) germination. The maximum GI (germination index) and SVI (seedling vigour index) were found in the hybrids P1 × P5 and P1 × P2 and the lowest in P2 × P4 and P3 × P6, respectively. For most germination parameters parents behaved poorly than that of the hybrids