Online Automated Micro Sample Preparation for High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Sample preparation is one of the most labor-intensive and time-consuming operations in sample analysis. Sample preparation strategies include the exhaustive or non-exhaustive extraction of analytes from matrices. Online coupling of sample preparation with the separation system is regarded as an important goal. In-tube solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is an effective sample preparation technique that uses an open tubular fused-silica capillary column as an extraction device. In-tube SPME is useful for trace enrichment, automated sample cleanup, and rapid online analysis. Moreover, this method can be used to determine the analytes in complex matrices by direct sample injection or merely by simple sample treatment such as filtration. In-tube SPME is frequently combined with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using online column-switching techniques. Various operating systems and new sorbent materials have been reported to improve extraction efficiency, such as sorption capacity and selectivity. This chapter discusses efficient micro sample preparation techniques for HPLC, especially online automated in-tube SPME

Wide-bandgap GaN-based watt-class photonic-crystal lasers

青色GaN系フォトニック結晶レーザーの高出力・高ビーム品質動作に成功 --次世代の高品位レーザー加工、高輝度照明、水中LiDAR等の実現に向けて--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2022-11-04.Short-wavelength (blue-violet-to-green) lasers with high power and high beam quality are required for various applications including the machining of difficult-to-process materials and high-brightness illuminations and displays. Promising light sources for such applications are wide-bandgap GaN-based photonic-crystal surface-emitting lasers (PCSELs), which are based on two-dimensional resonance in the photonic crystal. Developments of these devices have lagged behind those of longer-wavelength GaAs-based PCSELs, because device designs for achieving robust two-dimensional resonance and a nanofabrication process that avoids introducing disorders have remained elusive for wide-bandgap GaN-based materials. Here, we address these issues and successfully realize GaN-based PCSELs with high, watt-class (>1 W) output power and a circular, single-lobed beam with a very narrow (~0.2°) divergence angle at blue wavelengths. In addition, we demonstrate continuous-wave operation with a high output power (~320 mW) and a high beam quality (M²~1). Our results will enable the use of GaN-based PCSELs in the above-mentioned applications

Preparation of SiO 2

The effect of SiO2 capping on the optical properties of nanoparticles was investigated. The photoluminescence (PL) intensity was successfully improved by SiO2-capping. Sr2MgSi2O7:Eu,Dy nanoparticles were prepared by laser ablation in liquid. The SiO2 capping was performed using the Stöber method with ultrasonication. The TEM images indicated that the Sr2MgSi2O7:Eu,Dy nanocrystal was capped with amorphous SiO2, and the shape of the completely capped nanoparticle was an elliptical nanorod, which aggregated after a long SiO2 capping reaction time. The peak wavelength and the shape of the PL spectra were not changed by the pelletization and the laser ablation in liquid. The PL intensity of SiO2 capped nanoparticles was significantly increased. Nonradiative relaxation via surface defects and energy transfer to water molecules decrease the PL intensity. These phenomena accelerate in the case of nanoparticles. SiO2 capping would prevent these phenomena and improve the optical properties of nanoparticles. The combination of laser ablation in liquid and the chemical reaction is important to expand the applications of this method in various research fields

DNA topoisomerase II interacts with Lim15/Dmc1 in meiosis

Lim15/Dmc1 is a meiosis specific RecA-like protein. Here we propose its participation in meiotic chromosome pairing-related events along with DNA topoisomerase II. Analysis of protein–protein interactions using in vitro binding assays provided evidence that Coprinus cinereus DNA topoisomerase II (CcTopII) specifically interacts with C.cinereus Lim15/Dmc1 (CcLim15). Co-immunoprecipitation experiments also indicated that the CcLim15 protein interacts with CcTopII in vivo. Furthermore, a significant proportion of CcLim15 and CcTopII could be shown to co-localize on chromosomes from the leptotene to the zygotene stage. Interestingly, CcLim15 can potently activate the relaxation/catenation activity of CcTopII in vitro, and CcTopII suppresses CcLim15-dependent strand transfer activity. On the other hand, while enhancement of CcLim15's DNA-dependent ATPase activity by CcTopII was found in vitro, the same enzyme activity of CcTopII was inhibited by adding CcLim15. The interaction of CcLim15 and CcTopII may facilitate pairing of homologous chromosomes

Mnagement of Information about Advarse Events in Clinical Trials

金沢大学医学部附属病院薬剤

Achievement levels of students on clinical nursing practice for chronic illness

実習目標の到達度及び実習目標間の関係を明らかにするために,74名の学生による実習目標の自己評価を分析した｡その結果,実習目標の到達度は,｢自己の看護観や自己成長を培う｣が最も高かった｡そして｢疾患の病態生理や検査･治療についての理解と看護援助｣｢セルフケアに向けた看護援助｣｢危機に直面している患者の看護援助｣などの看護実践面に関する目標が高値を示していた｡学生は目標に沿った看護を実践する中で,経験したひとつひとつのケアを意味づけたり,看護とは何かを探求していったと思われ,それが看護観の形成や自己成長につながっていったものと考えられた｡実習目標間の関係では,各実習目標との間に相関が見られ,それらは信頼性のある妥当な慢性期看護実習の目標であることが確認された｡This paper is designed to demonstrate the relationships between each objective and the students' achievement levels for the objectives of clinical nursing practice. Seventy four students evaluated their own achievement levels related to their clinical nursing practice. Evaluation scores for each objective were analyzed. The following results were obtained: The objective of cultivating the view of nursing and developing themselves had the highest score. Understanding the mechanism of disease, physical examination and treatment, and patient care, understanding nursing care toward patient's self care, and understanding nursing care for patient in crisis had high scores. The students, through their own nursing care, explored the meaning of each care (or each experience) and inquired about the nature of nursing. Their view of nursing and self development was formed from their own various experiences. Correlation among each objective was found. Each for clinical nursing practice has reliability and validity

Rosai-Dorfman disease of the colon presented as small solitary polypoid lesion

Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) was formerly known as “sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy”, and cases involving the gastrointestinal tract are rare. We present a case of pure extranodal RDD, resected as a polypoid lesion in colonoscopic study. The patient was a 62-year old woman with a history of sigmoidectomy for unexplained peritonitis. Microscopic study of the polypoid lesion showed the submucosal mass with histological and immunological features of RDD. The whole body computed tomography revealed neither lymphadenopathy nor tumor-like mass

Successful Surgical Treatment of a Spontaneous Rupture of the Esophagus Diagnosed Two Days after Onset

Esophageal perforation is a relatively uncommon disease with a high rate of mortality and morbidity. Delay in the diagnosis and treatment occurs in more than 50% of cases, leading to a mortality rate of 40–60%. Primary repair is generally considered the gold standard for patients who present within the first 24 h following perforation of the esophagus. In this paper, we present a case of successful surgical treatment of spontaneous rupture of the esophagus that was diagnosed 2 days after onset. The patient was a 42-year-old man admitted to internal medicine with a diagnosis of pleuritis and complaining of chest and back pain. The next day, computed tomography revealed left-sided pleural effusion and mediastinal emphysema. An esophagogram revealed extravasation of the contrast medium from the lower left esophagus to the mediastinal cavity. These results confirmed a rupture of the esophagus, and an emergency left thoracotomy was performed. The perforation was repaired with a single-layered closure and was covered with elevated great omentum obtained by laparotomy. The patient was discharged 23 days after the first surgery. In conclusion, primary repair surgery must be selected as the best treatment beyond 24 h if the patient's general state was stable and there was no evidence of clinical sepsis