Influence of Material Properties on the Fluid-Structure Interaction aspects during Molded Underfill Process

This paper presents the investigation of the effects of epoxy moulding compound’ (EMC) viscosity on the FSI aspects during moulded underfill process (MUF). Finite volume (FV) code and finite element (FE) code were connected online through the Mesh-based Parallel Code Coupling Interface (MpCCI) method for fluid and structural analysis. The EMC flow behaviour was modelled by Castro-Macosko model, which was written in C language and incorporated into the FV analysis. Real-time predictions on the flow front, chip deformation and stress concentration were solved by FV- and FE-solver. Increase in EMC viscosity raises the deformation and stress imposed on IC and solder bump, which may induce unintended features on the IC structure. The current simulation is expected to provide the better understandings and clear visualization of FSI in the moulded underfill process

Conceptual Design of Automotive Compressor for Integrated Portable Air Conditioning System

This study introduces a new concept of portable air conditioner which integrated with some available components in automotive air conditioning system. This new idea intends to solve the storage problems as well as to reduce the price of current portable air conditioner since some devices could directly be used from the automotive air conditioning system. The primary emphasis of this study was on the modification of automotive compressor design so as the system may alternately be operated. The length of conventional compressor shaft is extended to place an additional clutch pulley, a drive plate and a clutch coil. The new concept particularly the shaft and pulley were analysed through slope deflection and computational finite element analyses. The result of engineering analyses exhibited that the new design of compressor shaft and clutch pulleys promote a low risk of failure as the data values recorded are lower than the critical value for each criterion investigated

Eco-Friendy Detoxification of Jatropha curcas L. Biodiesel from Heavy Metals Using Date Stone Adsorbent

Tranesteification of Jatropha curcus L. fixed oil gave biodiesel which is having of some heavy metals, such as, Nickel, Copper, Vanadium, Arsenic and Lead with high concentration that may be released during the combustion. Thus producing significant toxic impact on the engine and environment. Pulverized date stone adsorbent efficiently detoxify the crude biodiesel. The adsorption efficiency of metals has been determined by comparing the concentration of metals in the crude biodiesel before and after the passing through an adsorbent column.The effect of variation of adsorbent dose on adsorption efficiency and percentage of adsorption has been studied. The concentration of heavy metals in the biodiesel before treatment has been found to be 5.152, 1.283, 0.291, 1.137, 2.626, and 2.428 ppm for Fe, Ni, Cu, V, As and Pb respectively. Concentrations have revealed decrease after the treatment to 0.962, 0.222, 0.0327, 0.150, 0.314, and 0.021 ppm respectively. Pulverized date stone has shown marked efficiency in removing toxic heavy metals from Jatropha biodiesel. Adjustment of DS weight and length of column resulted in higher percent of metal adsorption. This technique is a contribution in the betterment of fuel via an eco-friendly method

Synthesis and improvement of Jatropha curcas L. biodiesel based on eco-friendly materials

The main purpose of this present work is to produce and improve Jatropha curcas L biodiesel using mixed natural zeolite and furfural to meet the demand of green and clean production. Trans-esterification of Jatropha oil using natural microporous zeolite (96.6% Thomsonite and 3.4% Analacime) has been carried out. The optimum molar ratio (oil: methanol: zeolite) to yield 85.65 wt.% of Jatropha biodiesel was found to be (1:3:0.2) respectively. XRD technique was used to identify the natural zeolite. Physicochemical characteristics of biodiesel were determined according to American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standard methods and were found to be within ASTM permissible limits required for the operation of diesel engines except ash content. The element composition of synthesized biodiesel was investigated by Inductively Coupled Plasma. The synthesized biodiesel has been treated by different ratio of furfural. The best wt. % of furfural was found to be 66.6% (1:3, biodiesel: furfural). Treatment of Jatropha curcas L. biodiesel with furfural increased FAME and decreased alcohols, carbonyl, cyclic, and other compounds. Besides, furfural improved the physico-chemical characteristic of Jatropha curcas L. biodiesel within ASTM permissible limits. Cetane number has increased from 59.8 to 63.5 after treatment by 66.6% of furfural. © 2021 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

Conceptual Design of Automotive Compressor for Integrated Portable Air Conditioning System

This study introduces a new concept of portable air conditioner which integrated with some available components in automotive air conditioning system. This new idea intends to solve the storage problems as well as to reduce the price of current portable air conditioner since some devices could directly be used from the automotive air conditioning system. The primary emphasis of this study was on the modification of automotive compressor design so as the system may alternately be operated. The length of conventional compressor shaft is extended to place an additional clutch pulley, a drive plate and a clutch coil. The new concept particularly the shaft and pulley were analysed through slope deflection and computational finite element analyses. The result of engineering analyses exhibited that the new design of compressor shaft and clutch pulleys promote a low risk of failure as the data values recorded are lower than the critical value for each criterion investigated

Analytical Hierarchy Process for Natural Fiber Composites Automotive Armrest Thermoset Matrix Selection

The automotive industry is currently shifting to a ‘green’ outlook since that the popularity of natural fibers in composites plastics is accelerating in many areas and particularly the automotive industry. Nowadays, consumers are looking for vehicles more environmentally friendly and lighter in weight. For this reason, the engineers are now focusing to substitute the metal parts on utilizing the natural fiber composites. Selecting the right material in product development is a crucial decision. Imprecise decision can cause the product to be remanufactured and not in optimized condition. One of the methods that can be employed is Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). This paper illustrates the implementation of AHP method in order to select the most appropriate thermoset matrix for natural fiber composites automotive armrest. The selection is based on the weight reduction as the major aim of the study