Crown structure of Picea omorika trees in the plantation

The study was carried out in Serbian spruce (Picea omorika Panč/Purkynĕ) plantations in the western Serbia. The paper presents results of the analysis of crown development. The following elements were analyzed: total tree height, height of the crown base, absolute and relative crown length, maximal crown diameter, coefficient of crown spreading and degree of crown girth. We discuss approaches to the modeling of tree crown growth and development, growing under favorable environmental and stand conditions, without anomalies in development. In order to establish the relationship between analyzed factors, regression analyses were applied. Data fitting was by the analytic method, by the implementation of Prodan’s functions of growth, linear and parabolic function. Received models can be used for the simulation of various growth and developing processes in forest

European black pine (Pinus nigra)

Technical guidelines are targeted to practical forest managers and provide summarized information on the biology and ecology of tree species, distribution ranges, importance and use, genetic knowledge, threats to genetic diversity and recommendations for long-term genetic conservation. For the full list of Technical guidelines produced, please visit http://www.euforgen.org/publications/technical_guidelines.htm

Assessing ecological risks and benefits of genetically modified crops 99

Abstract: Genetically modified (GM) crops and biotechnology are providing new opportunities for increasing crop productivity and tackling agriculture problems, such as diseases, pests and weeds, abiotic stress and nutritional limitations of staple food crops. As GM crops are being adopted in various locations with different ecosystems, a scientifically based understanding of the environmental effects of cultivations of GM crops would assist decision makers worldwide in ensuring environmental safety and sustainability. In this paper are discussed some of the most important problems related to the GM crops into the environment such as: plant protection, hybridisation, ecological effects of HRCs, gene flow, biodiversity, stress, ecological risks (ERA), effects on the soil ecosystem etc

Phenolics, lignin content and peroxidase activity in Picea omorika lines

We analyzed low molecular mass phenolics, lignin content and both soluble and cell wall bound peroxidase activity in the needles of three Picea omorika (Pancic) Purkyne lines grown in the generative seed orchard. The highest values of the total phenol content as well as of catechine, caffeic acid, coniferyl alcohol, isoferulic acid and lignin concentration were detected in B5 line ("semidichotomy" line). The soluble guaiacol peroxidase activity was the highest in A3 line (line "borealis"). The highest activity of cell wall bound peroxidases was measured in B5 line, and it was in correlation with lignin content

Assessing ecological risks and benefits of genetically modified crops

Genetically modified (GM) crops and biotechnology are providing new opportunities for increasing crop productivity and tackling agriculture problems, such as diseases, pests and weeds, abiotic stress and nutritional limitations of staple food crops. As GM crops are being adopted in various locations with different ecosystems, a scientifically based understanding of the environmental effects of cultivations of GM crops would assist decision makers worldwide in ensuring environmental safety and sustainability. In this paper are discussed some of the most important problems related to the GM crops into the environment such as: plant protection, hybridisation, ecological effects of HRCs, gene flow, biodiversity, stress, ecological risks (ERA), effects on the soil ecosystem etc

GROWTH CHARACTERISTICS OF Tilia tomentosa Moench. FROM DIFFERENT DISTRICTS IN THE REGIONS OF MARMARA AND WESTERN BLACK SEA IN TURKEY

Climate change will affect all ecosystem services of green areas in the districts. In many cases, the tree species in parks and districts are suffering from the increasingly warmer and drier summers and newly immigrated pests and diseases. Tilia tomentosa Moench. is considered as an important tree species under climate change for dry and warm conditions in Central and Southeastern Europe countries. This tree species is often used as valued urban tree. In the present study we investigate the growth patterns of T. tomentosa Moench. in relation to their growing conditions in order to evaluate its interactions in urban contexts. All the studied characters varied significantly among the sampled districts. Within each of the regions, number of flowers showed a wide range 72-104 per m(2) in Marmara region and 54-124 per m(2) in Western Black Sea region. All studied characters, beyond number of flowers, positively correlated with each other. This study revealed that especially fruit length had a strong and positive correlation with altitude and a high negative correlation with temperature. Further researches are required to quantify more growth flower characters of the species from Turkey