Зависимость изменений физиологических, психофизиологических показателей и физической работоспособности от уровня личностной тревожности в условиях гипобарической гипоксии

The features of tolerance to acute hypoxia by individuals with different levels of trait anxiety are presented. It was established that changes in such physiological parameters as heart rate in individuals with a high level of personal anxiety are more pronounced in hypoxic conditions. In particular, in this group, by the 25th minute of lifting in the altitude training chamber to a height of 5000 m, the heart rate increased by an average of 38.1% (p&lt;0,01) of background values. In persons with a low level of trait anxiety, an increase in heart rate does not exceed an average 32% (p&lt;0,01). However, in subjects with a high level of trait anxiety, compared with people with a low level of trait anxiety, a more pronounced increase in the Rufie index at an average of 18,2% (p&lt;0,01). In addition, in individuals with a high level of trait anxiety, a more pronounced slowing-down time of a complex sensorimotor reaction by 33,0 ms (p&lt;0,05) from the background value was observed, while in people with a low level of trait anxiety, on average, only by 20,2 ms (p&lt;0,05). Thus, changes in individual physiological parameters in individuals with a high level of trait anxiety are more pronounced, their functional state is less tolerant to the hypoxia effect, and the level of physical performance is lower on average in this group.Представлены особенности переносимости острой гипоксии лицами с различным уровнем личностной тревожности. Установлено, что изменения таких физиологических показателей, как частота сердечных сокращений (ЧСС), у лиц с высоким уровнем личностной тревожности более выражены в условиях гипоксии. В частности, в этой группе к 25-й минуте барокамерного подъема на высоту 5000 м ЧСС увеличилась в среднем на 38,1% (p&lt;0,01) от фоновых значений. У лиц с низким уровнем личностной тревожности увеличение ЧСС не превышает в среднем 32% (p&lt;0,01). Однако при этом у испытуемых с высоким уровнем тревожности по сравнению с лицами с низким уровнем личностной тревожности отмечается более выраженное увеличение индекса Руфье в среднем на 18,2% (p&lt;0,01). Кроме того, у лиц с высоким уровнем личностной тревожности отмечается более выраженное замедление времени сложной сенсомоторной реакции на 33,0 мс (p&lt;0,05) от фонового, в то время как у лиц с низким уровнем личностной тревожности в среднем лишь на 20,2 мс (p&lt;0,05). Таким образом, изменения отдельных физиологических показателей у лиц с высоким уровнем личностной тревожности более выражены, функциональное состояние у них менее устойчиво к воздействию гипоксии, а также уровень физической работоспособности в среднем в данной группе ниже.</p

Seismic monitoring of a small CO2 injection using a multi-well DAS array: Operations and initial results of Stage 3 of the CO2CRC Otway project

Active time-lapse seismic is widely employed for monitoring CO2 geosequestration due to its ability to track the distribution of fluids in space and time. However, standard 4D seismic monitoring suffers from several challenges, including high cost, disruption to other land uses, and, consequently, relatively large intervals between monitor surveys. Some of these challenges can be mitigated using permanently installed sources and receivers. Such an approach was tested at the CO2CRC Otway site by continuous offset VSP monitoring of 15,000 t of supercritical CO2 injected into an aquifer 1,500 m deep with nine permanent seismic sources (surface orbital vibrators or SOVs) and five downhole fibre-optic receivers. This continuous monitoring is complemented by multi-well 4D VSP using a mobile vibroseis source and the same DAS receivers, which included one baseline and two monitor surveys after injection of 4,000 and 12,000 t of CO2. The continuous DAS-SOV monitoring detected an abrupt increase of travel times below the injection interval on the second day of injection (after injection of 300 t of CO2) and tracked the growth of the areal CO2 plume by mapping changes of reflection amplitudes. The plume is also detected by time-lapse changes of reflection amplitudes in multi-well 4D VSPs. The plume images obtained from continuous offset VSP and 4D VSP are broadly consistent with each other but with some differences due to differences in illumination, lateral variations of velocities and seismic anisotropy. These differences also serve as a measure of uncertainty of 4D VSP images

An automated system for continuous monitoring of CO2 geosequestration using multi-well offset VSP with permanent seismic sources and receivers: Stage 3 of the CO2CRC Otway Project

A permanent automated continuous seismic CO2 geosequestration monitoring system for was installed at CO2CRC Otway Project site (Victoria, Australia) in early 2020. The system is composed of five deviated ∼1600 m deep wells equipped with distributed acoustic sensing (DAS) acting as seismic receivers and nine seismic orbital vibrators (SOV) as seismic sources. DAS recording is performed continuously by three iDASv3 units. Each SOV operates for 2.5 h at a time, and hence all SOVs operating sequentially (during daytime only) produce in a single vintage every two days. Each vintage consists of 45 offset VSP transects covering predicted CO2 plume migration paths over ∼0.7 km2 area. An automated data processing implemented on-site reduces data size from ∼1.3 TB/day to ∼500 MB/day with the results transmitted to the office daily. The repeatability analysis based on pre-injection data (acquired from May to October 2020 before the injection start in December 2020) shows that variability of SOV performance is the main source of non-repeatability while borehole measurements are stable. An SOV waveform could reach NRMS value from 20 to 100 % within a few days. However, deconvolution of the seismograms with the waveform of the direct wave reduces the repeatability to within 10–15 % NRMS