Universal Design as a Tool for the Humanization of Social Consciousness in Design Practice

This paper considers design as a socially responsible tool that can and should be used to challenge existing social and cultural conditions and facilitate the humanization of social consciousness and design activity. Providing inclusivity is undoubtedly a goal of design, and many countries today are engaged in facilitating such changes in urban environments. Universal design is one of the most important tools that can meet the challenges of creating a comfortable living environment and developing an inclusive mindset. We demonstrate the potential of universal design using examples of the design projects developed by the students of the Department of Industrial Design, Ural State University of Architecture and Art. These projects show a wide range of possible applications of the principles of universal design and demonstrate the potential of universal design to facilitate and engender new understanding of inclusive and accessible environment that can help reshape public consciousness regardless of whether or not such projects are actually put into practice. Keywords: universal design, disabled people, humanization of social consciousness, humanization of design activity, inclusive mindse

Prostheses

The problem of people who lost or cannot use their parts of body anymore has always existed. Prostheses are mechanical devices that work with human muscle, skeleton, and nervous systems to assist or restore motor control. The first prostheses were elementary. The latest implants can feel texture and in some experiments even the temperature of the surface. All in all, data analysis has shown that Bionic prostheses are being developed now. Prostheses are getting new functions and their possibilities are being expanded all the time

Effect of the Compaction Pressure and Ni Content on the Modified Aluminum-Based Perovskite Synthesis Designed to Immobilize the Radioactive Waste in Combustion Mode

The article deals with the synthesis of perovskite-like ceramics matrix material for immobilization of radioactive waste by SHS method. The dependence of the compaction pressure on the synthesis of the samples was established. Synthesis conditions for the matrix with the desired properties of the composition were determined that is acceptable for reliable isolation of radionuclides throughout the long-term storage of waste. The maximum amount of aluminum perovskite is observed when the initial mixture compaction pressure equal to 30 MPa and 25% wt. Nickel

Документальное наследие: становление и коммуникация (отчет о конференции в Вильнюсском университете и не только…)

On the annual conference held by the Faculty of Communication of the Vilnius University and the Wroblewski Library of the Lithuanian Academy of Sciences in November 2011. The theme of this year's conference is “The documentary heritage: development and communication”.Статья рассказывает о ежегодной конференции, проведенной факультетом коммуникаций Вильнюсского университета и Библиотекой Академии наук Литвы им. Врублевских в ноябре 2011 года. Тема конференции этого года - «Документальное наследие: становление и коммуникация»

Characteristics of the nitric oxide system indicators in the left ventricle myocardium in SHR

The aim was to determine the morpho-functional parameters of the left ventricular myocardium NO system in the rats with essential hypertension (SHR line). Material and methods. We used a combination of modern highly informative methods, namely: research of NOS isoform profie (nNOS, iNOS eNOS) in the myocardial slices along with an assessment of their synthesis and expression of the corresponding mRNA; NO derived nitrites level determination directly in the myocardium homogenates and concentration of nitrotyrosine in blood plasma of rats. The results of the performed studies have shown that high blood pressure in the SHR was accompanied by a signifiant increase in the concentrations of all three NOS isoforms in the myocardium and increased expression of their mRNA. Higher concentration of nitrites by 18.8 % was detected in the SHR group compared with the control animals. The concentration of nitrotyrosine in blood plasma of rats with essential hypertension was also increased by 25 %. Conclusions. The predominance of IRM to constitutive isoforms of NOS with low IRM content to iNOS was noted in the myocardium of the control group rats while in SHR rats higher IRM values were marked for all NOS isoforms. The formation of hypertension is accompanied by high content of NO end metabolites and the development of systemic nitroso-oxidative stress with the increase of nitrotyrosine concentration

Landscape science: a Russian geographical tradition

The Russian geographical tradition of landscape science (landshaftovedenie) is analyzed with particular reference to its initiator, Lev Semenovich Berg (1876-1950). The differences between prevailing Russian and Western concepts of landscape in geography are discussed, and their common origins in German geographical thought in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries are delineated. It is argued that the principal differences are accounted for by a number of factors, of which Russia's own distinctive tradition in environmental science deriving from the work of V. V. Dokuchaev (1846-1903), the activities of certain key individuals (such as Berg and C. O. Sauer), and the very different social and political circumstances in different parts of the world appear to be the most significant. At the same time it is noted that neither in Russia nor in the West have geographers succeeded in specifying an agreed and unproblematic understanding of landscape, or more broadly in promoting a common geographical conception of human-environment relationships. In light of such uncertainties, the latter part of the article argues for closer international links between the variant landscape traditions in geography as an important contribution to the quest for sustainability

Radical surgery on the middle ear in the treatment of cholesteatoma: history or reality? A review

Radical surgery on the middle ear is primarily associated with such pathology as cholesteatoma and ear neoplasms. And if in the case of tumors radicalism in ear surgery is justified, then in the surgery of the cholesteatomic process there is a need to discuss this issue. The existence of acquired cholesteatoma was recognized more than three centuries ago. Without timely detection and intervention, cholesteatomas can increase to gigantic sizes and lead to numerous intracranial and extracranial complications. Due to its aggressive growth, invasive nature and potentially fatal consequences of intracranial complications, acquired cholesteatoma remains the cause of morbidity and death in those who do not have access to advanced medical care. Currently, there are no effective non-surgical methods of treatment. The article provides a brief overview of the main issues related to acquired middle ear cholesteatoma, and discusses the practica

Новые данные о поступлении радона в среду обитания человека

Radon transported from the atmosphere to the earth’s surface is shown to have a significant role in the formation of its concentration levels in the lowest atmospheric layers. The amount of radon escaping from the atmosphere with sporadically occurred rainfalls is quantitatively comparable with the amounts emitted from the soil into the atmosphere. A stable dependence has been established between the radon concentration levels in the surface atmosphere and the air humidityПоказана значимая роль радона, поступающего к земной поверхности из атмосферы, в формировании уровня его концентрации в приземных слоях атмосферного воздуха. Вынос радона из атмосферы спорадически выпадающими дождями количественно соизмерим с его выделением из грунта в атмосферу. Установлена устойчивая зависимость уровня концентрации радона в приземной атмосфере от влажности воздуха

О влиянии атмосферных осадков и лунно-солнечного гравитационного воздействия на концентрацию радона в поровом воздухе дисперсных грунтов

In the present study, the obtained data on the previously unknown behaviors of radon migration in the near-surface atmospheric and soil layers were validated experimentally. The experiment finds two earth origins of radon concentrations occurred in the air in the pores of the near-surface dispersive soil, intragenic and hypogenic, with a considerable atmospheric impact of the liquid forms of precipitation transporting radon from the atmosphere to the ground. The equations were used to establish the mathematical relation between the amounts of precipitation and atmospheric radon. We also assessed a relative contribution of the atmospheric and earth sources to the total radon concentration in the air in the soil pores. The atmospheric source was found to have a sporadically higher impact on the radon levels in the air in the soil pores as against the earth source, depending on the amounts of precipitation and radon concentrations in them. A close correlation was established between the radon concentrations in the soil and the effect of lunisolar gravitational forces on the earth’s crust. The findings of the radon levels in near-surface soils are expected to be applied as one of the criteria for environmental assessment of radon concentrations and associated threats.Получены экспериментально обоснованные данные, характеризующие ранее неизвестные особенности миграционного поведения радона в приземной атмосфере и приповерхностных слоях грунтов. Показано, что уровень концентрации радона в поровом воздухе дисперсного (песчаного) приповерхностного грунта формируется за счет двух земных источников – интрагенного и глубинного, при существенном вкладе атмосферного источника, обусловленного поступлением радона с жидкими атмосферными осадками, вымывающими его из атмосферы и доставляющими к земной поверхности. Определена форма математической зависимости между количеством выпадающих осадков и количеством атмосферного радона, и дана оценка относительного вклада атмосферного источника и земных источников радона в его суммарное содержание в поровом воздухе грунтов. Показано, что вклад атмосферного источника радона спорадически, в зависимости от количества выпадающих осадков и концентрации радона в них, может превышать вклад земных источников. Установлена тесная корреляционная связь между количеством грунтового радона и силой гравитационного лунно-солнечного воздействия на земную кору. Использование этой информации в практических целях представляется необходимым для обеспечения достоверности оценок радоноопасности окружающей среды, одним из критериев которых является уровень концентрации радона в грунтах.