Online and live regular poker players: Do they differ in impulsive sensation seeking and gambling practice?

Background and aims Online gambling appears to have special features, such as anonymity, speed of play and permanent availability, which may contribute to the facilitation and increase in gambling practice, potentially leading to problem gambling. The aims of this study were to assess sociodemographic characteristics, gambling practice and impulsive sensation seeking among a population of regular poker players with different levels of gambling intensity and to compare online and live players. Methods 245 regular poker players (180 online players and 65 live players) completed online self-report scales assessing sociodemographic data, pathological gambling (SOGS), gambling practice (poker questionnaire) and impulsive sensation seeking (ImpSS). We used SOGS scores to rank players according to the intensity of their gambling practice (non-pathological gamblers, problem gamblers and pathological gamblers). Results All poker players displayed a particular sociodemographic profile: they were more likely to be young men, executives or students, mostly single and working full-time. Online players played significantly more often whereas live players reported significantly longer gambling sessions. Sensation seeking was high across all groups, whereas impulsivity significantly distinguished players according to the intensity of gambling. Discussion Our results show the specific profile of poker players. Both impulsivity and sensation seeking seem to be involved in pathological gambling, but playing different roles. Sensation seeking may determine interest in poker whereas impulsivity may be involved in pathological gambling development and maintenance. Conclusions This study opens up new research perspectives and insights into preventive and treatment actions for pathological poker players

Etude des distorsions cognitives, des troubles anxiodépressifs et de la personnalité chez des joueurs pathologiques en ligne et hors ligne (Particularités des joueurs de poker)

Pas de résumé en françaisPas de résumé en anglaisPARIS5-Bibliotheque electronique (751069902) / SudocSudocFranceF

Le programme spirituel en 12 étapes, un vecteur de résilience ?. Caractérisation d'un échantillon de membres des Alcooliques anonymes en fonction de leur résilience et de leur spiritualité.

International audienc

Report of depressive symptoms on waiting list and mortality after liver and kidney transplantation: a prospective cohort study

International audienceABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Little research has explored pre-transplantation psychological factors as predictors of outcome after liver or kidney transplantation. Our objective is to determine whether report of depressive symptoms on waiting list predicts outcome of liver and kidney transplantation. METHODS: Patients on waiting list for liver or kidney transplantation were classified for report or non-report of depressive symptoms on waiting list. 339 were transplanted 6 months later on average, and followed prospectively. The main outcome measures were graft failure and mortality 18 months post-transplantation. RESULTS: Among the 339 patients, 51.6% reported depressive symptoms on waiting list, 16.5% had a graft failure and 7.4% died post-transplantation. Report of depressive symptoms on waiting list predicted a 3 to 4-fold decreased risk of graft failure and mortality 18-months post-transplantation, independently from age, gender, current cigarette smoking, anxiety symptoms, main primary diagnosis, UNOS score, number of comorbid diagnoses and history of transplantation. Data were consistent for liver and kidney transplantations. Other baseline predictive factors were: for graft failure, the main primary diagnosis and a shorter length since this diagnosis, and for mortality, older age, male gender and the main primary diagnosis. CONCLUSION: Further studies are needed to understand the underlying mechanisms of the association between report of depressive symptoms on waiting list and decreased risk of graft failure and mortality after transplantation

Mieux comprendre la toxicomanie : que sait-on des facteurs de vulnérabilité et de protection ?

National audienceLa toxicomanie, paradigme des addictions, repose sur un modèle qui prend en considération, à la fois, les substances et leurs effets, le contexte socioculturel et l’individu dans sa globalité biopsychocomportementale. L’étude des facteurs de vulnérabilité et de protection aide à mieux comprendre l’installation et le maintien des conduites addictives aux substances psychoactives. Plusieurs facteurs de vulnérabilité ont été identifiés. Ils sont de trois ordres : les facteurs de risque liés aux produits consommés, les facteurs individuels et les facteurs liés à l’environnement. Les facteurs de protection, quant à eux, concernent principalement les facteurs psychoaffectifs et psychosociaux favorisant la capacité du sujet à s’adapter et à traverser des expériences personnelles plus ou moins douloureuses. L’identification des facteurs de protection s’inscrit pleinement dans l’étude des déterminants impliqués dans la résilience, définie comme un processus à visée adaptative, issu de l’interaction des ressources d’un individu avec l’environnement