Interpretable Word Sense Representations via Definition Generation: The Case of Semantic Change Analysis

We propose using automatically generated natural language definitions of contextualised word usages as interpretable word and word sense representations. Given a collection of usage examples for a target word, and the corresponding data-driven usage clusters (i.e., word senses), a definition is generated for each usage with a specialised Flan-T5 language model, and the most prototypical definition in a usage cluster is chosen as the sense label. We demonstrate how the resulting sense labels can make existing approaches to semantic change analysis more interpretable, and how they can allow users -- historical linguists, lexicographers, or social scientists -- to explore and intuitively explain diachronic trajectories of word meaning. Semantic change analysis is only one of many possible applications of the `definitions as representations' paradigm. Beyond being human-readable, contextualised definitions also outperform token or usage sentence embeddings in word-in-context semantic similarity judgements, making them a new promising type of lexical representation for NLP.Comment: ACL 202

Therapeutic opportunities for PLK1 inhibitors: Spotlight on BRCA1-deficiency and triple negative breast cancers

Polo-Like Kinases (PLKs) are central players of mitotic progression in Eukaryotes. Given the intimate relationship between cell cycle progression and cancer development, PLKs in general and PLK1 in particular have been thoroughly studied as biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets in oncology. The oncogenic properties of PLK1 overexpression across different types of human cancers are attributed to its roles in promoting mitotic entry, centrosome maturation, spindle assembly and cytokinesis. While several academic labs and pharmaceutical companies were able to develop potent and selective inhibitors of PLK1 (PLK1i) for preclinical research, such compounds have reached only limited success in clinical trials despite their great pharmacokinetics. Even though this could be attributed to multiple causes, the housekeeping roles of PLK1 in both normal and cancer cells are most likely the main reason for clinical trials failure and withdraw due to toxicities issues. Therefore, great efforts are being invested to position PLK1i in the treatment of specific types of cancers with revised dosages schemes. In this mini review we focus on two potential niches for PLK1i that are supported by recent evidence: triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs) and BRCA1-deficient cancers. On the one hand, we recollect several lines of strong evidence indicating that TNBCs are among the cancers with highest PLK1 expression and sensitivity to PLK1i. These findings are encouraging because of the limited therapeutics options available for TNBC patients, which rely mainly on classic chemotherapy. On the other hand, we discuss recent evidence that unveils synthetic lethality induction by PLK1 inhibition in BRCA1-deficient cancers cells. This previously unforeseen therapeutic link between PLK1 and BRCA1 is promising because it defines novel therapeutic opportunities for PLK1i not only for breast cancer (i.e. TNBCs with BRCA1 deficiencies), but also for other types of cancers with BRCA1-deficiencies, such as pancreatic and prostate cancers.Fil: García, Iris Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Inmunología y Enfermedades Infecciosas. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Inmunología y Enfermedades Infecciosas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica; ArgentinaFil: Garro, Cintia Araceli. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; ArgentinaFil: Fernandez, Elmer Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Inmunología y Enfermedades Infecciosas. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Inmunología y Enfermedades Infecciosas; ArgentinaFil: Soria, Gastón. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Córdoba. Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología; Argentin

Research ability in Chemistry and the Tuning Latin America specific competences: a comparative study at University of Cuyo (Argentina)

Research ability can be thought of as a competence, which requires other abilities — both generic and specific — to be successfully developed. In this study, we determine the degree of importance that the 21 specific competences (SCs) established in the Tuning Latin America (Tuning-LA) Project, have in the acquisition of research ability in Chemistry, as a result of taking the degree program offered at the Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (FCENUNCUYO, Mendoza, Argentina). To this end, we adopted the SCs proposed as learning objectives in undergraduate studies in Chemistry, and consulted academics and students at FCEN-UNCUYO about (1) the importance of these competences in his/ her opinion for work in the profession; (2) the level of achievement of these competences, that they estimated was reached as a result of taking the FCEN-UNCUYO degree program in Chemistry; and, (3) the relevance of the Tuning-AL specific competences for the development of research ability in Chemistry. The results of the survey at FCEN-UNCUYO are compared with those obtained by consulting academics and students in the framework of the Tuning-LA Project. Detailed comparisons between the opinion of academics and students at FCEN– UNCUYO are also reported.Fil: Dias, Iris Valeria. No especifica;Fil: Fernandez Guillermet, Armando Jorge. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Rubau, Carina Elisabeth. No especifica;Fil: Tovar Toulouse, María Mercedes. No especifica

Tecnologías fotocatalíticas para su aplicación práctica en la remediación de efluentes generados por el molino de aceite de palma: Revisión sistemática

En el presente estudio se tuvo como objetivo determinar los aspectos más relevantes en la aplicación práctica de las tecnologías fotocatalíticas para la remediación de efluentes generados por el molino de aceite de palma, para lo cual se realizó un estudio sistemático de 70 artículos científicos, los cuales pasaron por un proceso de exclusión quedando añadidos al estudio 25, donde se obtuvo lo siguiente: El fotocatalizador más aplicado es el Tio2 y ZnO; presentando mayor porcentaje de uso con un 39% para ambos, así mismo se encuentran los fotocatalizadores CaFe2O4 y Wo3 con un 11% de uso. Ello es debido a que entre los diversos fotocatalizadores empleados en la fotocatálisis heterogénea, el TiO 2 es el más prometedor debido a su fuerte actividad fotocatalítica, no toxicidad, alta estabilidad química, bajo costo, alta transparencia a la luz visible. El rendimiento comparativo de la remoción de los fotocatalizadores TiO2 y ZnO se mostraron conformes con el límite máximo permitido de 50 mg/L de DQO. Además, el promedio del porcentaje de eliminación del DQO usando fotocatalizadores está en rangos de 80 a 100%, de DBO en 60 al 90% y de color 90 al 100%. Las características de los fotocatalizadores se dan por las características fisicoquímicas; como es el caso de la superficie específica (SST), el cual es, una de las de las características principales para desempeñar un papel decisivo en el rendimiento fotocatalítico de un fotocatalizador; además, se comprobó que la mayoría de los fotocatalizadores de los autores estudiados presentan una SSA muy pequeña, inferior a 30 m2/g

Nivel de calidad de servicio en la clínica San Francisco de Asís S.A. en la ciudad de Cajamarca, año 2017

RESUMEN En el presente trabajo de investigación, se estudió el Nivel de Calidad del Servicio en la clínica San Francisco de Asís S.A., de la ciudad de Cajamarca para el año 2017, utilizando como herramienta la metodología SERVQUAL la cual mide los principales aspectos tomados como base principal de las 5 dimensiones: elementos tangibles, confiabilidad, respuesta del personal, seguridad y empatía. Se realizó una investigación de tipo descriptiva, transversal cuantitativa, no experimental; donde se estudió a una muestra de 284 clientes externos. Se utilizó el programa Excel para la recolección y procesamiento de la data, donde el objetivo general fue determinar el nivel de Calidad de servicio brindado por la clínica San Francisco de Asís S.A., llegando al resultado que el Nivel de calidad de servicio es Medio en relación al aporte de las 5 dimensiones estudiadas, por lo que significa que la clínica debe iniciar procedimiento de mejoras en la calidad de servicio que ofrece a sus clientes. En conclusión, como empresa prestadora de servicios de salud tiene que tratar de cumplir las expectativas del cliente. PALABRAS CLAVES: Nivel de calidad del servicio, metodología Servqual, elementos tangible, empatía, seguridad, confiabilidad, y capacidad de respuesta.ABSTRACT In the present investigation, we studied the Service Quality Level in the San Francisco de Asís S.A. Clinic, in the city of Cajamarca for the year 2017, using the SERVQUAL methodology as a tool that measures the main aspects taken as the main basis. 5 dimensions: tangible elements, reliability, staff response, security and empathy. A descriptive, transversal, non-experimental research was carried out; where he studied a sample of 284 external clients, using the Excel program for the collection and processing of data, where our hypothesis sought to determine the level of quality of service provided by the San Francisco de Asís SA clinic, reaching the result that the level The quality of service is Medium in relation to the contribution of the 5 dimensions studied, which means that the clinic must initiate a procedure to improve the quality of the service offered to its clients. In conclusion, as a provider of health services, you should try to meet the expectations of the client. KEYWORD: Level of quality of service, Servqual methodology, tangible elements, empathy, security, reliability, and response capacity

Influence of sequential and mixed fermentations with non-Saccharomyces yeasts on the sensory profile of red wine

The aim of this work is to evaluate the influence of S. pombe and T. delbrueckii species on the sensory quality of red wine when used in sequential and mixed fermentations with S. cerevisiae

Acceleration of ageing on lees in red wines by application of ultrasounds

A transfer of parietal polysaccharides and mannoproteins is produced during aging on lees [1]. This transfer of compounds to wine is carried out after cell death. It comes to breakdown of polysaccharides from cell wall (yeast autolysis). This technique increases the density in wines [2] and gives more body and structure. Interactions between yeast polysaccharides and wine tannins will result in decrease of tannic perception (decrease of astringency). Increase of varietal characteristics is produced. The main disadvantage of the ageing on lees is the time that the process requires. Usually, nine months are necessary at least for obtaining a noticeable effect in wines. The objective of this work is the acceleration of this process using ultrasounds to lyse the yeast cell wall. In addition, the influence of this technique in different red wine quality parameters was studied

Use of Schizosaccharomyces pombe to produce stable pigments during red winemaking

This work has studied the production of stable pyranoanthocyanin pigments during fermentation using S. pombe and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Along the fermentation, anthocyanins were determined by HPLC-DAD/MS, acetaldehyde was measured using GC-FID and pyruvic acid was quantified by enzymatic tests. Results show that S. pombe strains produce higher amounts of pyruvic acid, and therefore also of vitisin A, than Saccharomyces controls

Pan-cancer molecular patterns and biological implications associated with a tumor-specific molecular signature

Studying tissue-independent components of cancer and defining pan-cancer subtypes could be addressed using tissue-specific molecular signatures if classification errors are controlled. Since PAM50 is a well-known, United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved and commercially available breast cancer signature, we applied it with uncertainty assessment to classify tumor samples from over 33 cancer types, discarded unassigned samples, and studied the emerging tumor-agnostic molecular patterns. The percentage of unassigned samples ranged between 55.5% and 86.9% in non-breast tissues, and gene set analysis suggested that the remaining samples could be grouped into two classes (named C1 and C2) regardless of the tissue. The C2 class was more dedifferentiated, more proliferative, with higher centrosome amplification, and potentially more TP53 and RB1 mutations. We identified 28 gene sets and 95 genes mainly associated with cell-cycle progression, cell-cycle checkpoints, and DNA damage that were consistently exacerbated in the C2 class. In some cancer types, the C1/C2 classification was associated with survival and drug sensitivity, and modulated the prognostic meaning of the immune infiltrate. Our results suggest that PAM50 could be repurposed for a pan-cancer context when paired with uncertainty assessment, resulting in two classes with molecular, biological, and clinical implications.Fil: Rocha, Darío Gastón. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: García, Iris Alejandra. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Inmunología y Enfermedades Infecciosas. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Inmunología y Enfermedades Infecciosas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas. Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica; ArgentinaFil: González Montoro, Aldana María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Llera, Andrea Sabina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Fundación Instituto Leloir; ArgentinaFil: Prato, Laura Beatriz. Universidad Nacional de Villa María. Instituto Académico Pedagógico de Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas; ArgentinaFil: Girotti, Maria Romina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Fundación de Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental. Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Soria, Gastón. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Fernandez, Elmer Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Inmunología y Enfermedades Infecciosas. Universidad Católica de Córdoba. Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Inmunología y Enfermedades Infecciosas; Argentin