Cultural dialogue of Lithuanians of the Grodnо Region with the historical homeland in the 2000 – 2010s.

The assistance of the historical homeland is a necessary and important condition for meeting the ethnocultural needs of the Belarusian Lithuanians. The article reveals the directions and forms of cultural cooperation of representatives of the Lithuanian ethnic group of the Grodno region with their historical homeland. The dialogue of the Lithuanian national-cultural public associations of Grodno region is being implemented in the field of education, development and popularization of national culture, traditions, preservation of historical memory. In turn, the Lithuanian government, through the implementation of programs of relations with compatriots abroad, solves a very important task for itself – strengthening the image of its country in the world community

Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in oil shale processing wastes: Current practice and new trends.

In the present study a critical evaluation of analytical methods for the determination of PAHs in wastes originating from fossil fuel processing in general, and particularly from combustion and retorting of Estonian oil shale is presented. The analysis for PAHs in solid matrices includes several procedures, i.e. separation, cleanup and final determination. Classical and modern separation methods are characterized and examples of their use for oil shale wastes are demonstrated. For the final determination of PAHs in oil shale matrices chromatographic methods are used. A new approach involving the use of fluorinated PAHs as internal standards is introduced and discussed