212 research outputs found
Asian financial linkage: macro-finance dissonance
How are Asian financial markets interlinked and how are they linked to markets in developed countries? What is the main driver of fluctuations in Asian financial markets as well as real economic activities? In order to answer these questions, we estimate the spillover index proposed by Diebold and Yilmaz (2009) and gauge the degree of interactions in both financial markets and real economic activities among Asian economies.> ; We first show that the degree of the international spillover in stock markets is like cookie-cutter products, namely, uniform, irrespective of the groups of countries, such as G3, NIEs and ASEAN4. This suggests the importance of the globally common shock in stock markets. We, then, discuss the macro-finance dissonance. In stock and bond markets, the US has been the main driver of fluctuations. Regarding real economic activities, China has emerged as an important source of fluctuations.Financial markets ; Economic conditions - Asia ; Stock market
Response of the Higgs amplitude mode of superfluid Bose gases in a three dimensional optical lattice
We study the Higgs mode of superfluid Bose gases in a three dimensional
optical lattice, which emerges near the quantum phase transition to the Mott
insulator at commensurate fillings. Specifically, we consider responses of the
Higgs mode to temporal modulations of the onsite interaction and the hopping
energy. In order to calculate the response functions including the effects of
quantum and thermal fluctuations, we map the Bose-Hubbard model onto an
effective pseudospin-one model and use a perturbative expansion based on the
imaginary-time Green's function theory. We also include the effects of an
inhomogeneous trapping potential by means of a local density approximation. We
find that the response function for the hopping modulation is equal to that for
the interaction modulation within our approximation. At the unit filling rate
and in the absence of a trapping potential, we show that the Higgs mode can
exist as a sharp resonance peak in the dynamical susceptibilities at typical
temperatures. However, the resonance peak is significantly broadened due to the
trapping potential when the modulations are applied globally to the entire
system. We suggest that the Higgs mode can be detected as a sharp resonance
peak by partial modulations around the trap center.Comment: 22 pages, 9 figure
Observation of the Mott Insulator to Superfluid Crossover of a Driven-Dissipative Bose-Hubbard System
Dissipation is ubiquitous in nature and plays a crucial role in quantum
systems such as causing decoherence of quantum states. Recently, much attention
has been paid to an intriguing possibility of dissipation as an efficient tool
for preparation and manipulation of quantum states. Here we report the
realization of successful demonstration of a novel role of dissipation in a
quantum phase transition using cold atoms. We realize an engineered dissipative
Bose-Hubbard system by introducing a controllable strength of two-body
inelastic collision via photo-association for ultracold bosons in a
three-dimensional optical lattice. In the dynamics subjected to a slow
ramp-down of the optical lattice, we find that strong on-site dissipation
favors the Mott insulating state: the melting of the Mott insulator is delayed
and the growth of the phase coherence is suppressed. The controllability of the
dissipation is highlighted by quenching the dissipation, providing a novel
method for investigating a quantum many-body state and its non-equilibrium
dynamics.Comment: 26 pages, 17 figure
Frontiers in Monetary Theory and Policy: Summary of the 2008 International Conference Organized by the Institute for Monetary and Economic Studies of the Bank of Japan
Superfluid to Mott insulator transition in the one-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model for arbitrary integer filling factors
We study the quantum phase transition between the superfluid and the Mott
insulator in the one-dimensional (1D) Bose-Hubbard model. Using the
time-evolving block decimation method, we numerically calculate the tunneling
splitting of two macroscopically distinct states with different winding
numbers. From the scaling of the tunneling splitting with respect to the system
size, we determine the critical point of the superfluid to Mott insulator
transition for arbitrary integer filling factors. We find that the critical
values versus the filling factor in 1D, 2D, and 3D are well approximated by a
simple analytical function. We also discuss the condition for determining the
transition point from a perspective of the instanton method.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figures, 2 table
SU(3) truncated Wigner approximation for strongly interacting Bose gases
We develop and utilize the SU(3) truncated Wigner approximation (TWA) in
order to analyze far-from-equilibrium quantum dynamics of strongly interacting
Bose gases in an optical lattice. Specifically, we explicitly represent the
corresponding Bose--Hubbard model at an arbitrary filling factor with
restricted local Hilbert spaces in terms of SU(3) matrices. Moreover, we
introduce a discrete Wigner sampling technique for the SU(3) TWA and examine
its performance as well as that of the SU(3) TWA with the Gaussian
approximation for the continuous Wigner function. We directly compare outputs
of these two approaches with exact computations regarding dynamics of the
Bose--Hubbard model at unit filling with a small size and that of a
fully-connected spin-1 model with a large size. We show that both approaches
can quantitatively capture quantum dynamics on a timescale of ,
where and denote the hopping energy and the coordination number. We
apply the two kinds of SU(3) TWA to dynamical spreading of a two-point
correlation function of the Bose--Hubbard model on a square lattice with a
large system size, which has been measured in recent experiments. Noticeable
deviations between the theories and experiments indicate that proper inclusion
of effects of the spatial inhomogeneity, which is not straightforward in our
formulation of the SU(3) TWA, may be necessary.Comment: 21 pages, 8 figure
Mechanical properties of injection-molded thermoplastic denture base resins.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the mechanical properties of injection-molded thermoplastic denture base resins.MATERIAL AND METHODS:Four injection-molded thermoplastic resins (two polyamides, one polyethylene terephthalate, one polycarbonate) and, as a control, a conventional heat-polymerized polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), were used in this study. The flexural strength at the proportional limit (FS-PL), the elastic modulus, and the Charpy impact strength of the denture base resins were measured according to International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 1567 and ISO 1567:1999/Amd 1:2003.RESULTS:The descending order of the FS-PL was: conventional PMMA > polyethylene terephthalate, polycarbonate > two polyamides. The descending order of the elastic moduli was: conventional PMMA > polycarbonate > polyethylene terephthalate > two polyamides. The descending order of the Charpy impact strength was: polyamide (Nylon PACM12) > polycarbonate > polyamide (Nylon 12), polyethylene terephthalate > conventional PMMA.CONCLUSIONS:All of the injection-molded thermoplastic resins had significantly lower FS-PL, lower elastic moduli, and higher or similar impact strength compared to the conventional PMMA. The polyamide denture base resins had low FS-PL and low elastic moduli; one of them possessed very high impact strength, and the other had low impact strength. The polyethylene terephthalate denture base resin showed a moderately high FS-PL, moderate elastic modulus, and low impact strength. The polycarbonate denture base resin had a moderately high FS-PL, moderately high elastic modulus, and moderate impact strength.福岡歯科大学2013年
Bond strength of artificial teeth to thermoplastic denture base resin for injection molding.
This research was conducted to investigate the bond strength between artificial teeth and a thermoplastic denture base resin for injection molding with different surface preparations for use in flexible resin removable partial dentures. Composite resin denture teeth and acrylic denture resin teeth were bonded to three types of thermoplastic denture base resins for injection molding (polyamide, polyester, and polycarbonate) and a conventional heat-polymerized polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) resin (control). The ridge lap surfaces of the artificial teeth were classified into four groups based on the type of ridge lap surface treatment applied (n=10): no treatment, ethyl acetate, small T-shaped tunnel, and large T-shaped tunnel. The specimens were tested for bond strength. The results showed that the ethyl acetate treatment was ineffective for enhancing the bond strength (p>0.05) between the artificial teeth and thermoplastic denture base resin for injection molding, whereas the T-shaped tunnel was quite effective in this regard (p<0.05).福岡歯科大学2020年
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