Regional convergence and innovation policies in the European Union

Ипатова Ольга Валерьевна. Глава 4. Региональная конвергенция и инновационная политика в Европейском Союз

First-differenced inference for panel factor series

We complement existing inferential theory for panel factor models by deriving the asymptotics for the first differences of the estimated factors and common components obtained from a non-stationary panel factor model. As an application, we propose an estimator for the long run variance of the common components

Sui Generis Systems Protection for Design: Cumulation, Partial Cumulation and Demarcation of Legal Regimes

Ипатова Ольга Валерьевна. Охрана систем Sui Generis для промышленных образцов: совокупность, частичная совокупность и разграничение правовых режимовThe use of design decisions is regulated in most countries by sui generis legislation (special legislation), which is associated with the uniqueness of the legal design of an industrial design, its “incompatibility” with the established legal classification of intellectual property objects: inventions and utility models protect the technical side of the product, copyright and related rights - a form of expression of thought. The emergence of a special sui generis protection regime for industrial design, embodying aesthetic and utilitarian principles, is due to the similarity of industrial designs with works of art (copyright objects) and trademarks and, as a result, “mixing”, “intersection” of copyright and industrial property. Currently, in the world legal order, there are three systems for the correlation of copyright and patent forms of protection for designs: cumulative protection, partial cumulative protection, and delimitation of protection regimes. Speaking about the patent form of protection, we need to look more broadly - to talk about the protection of industrial property rights, including both the trademark regime and the regime of protection against unfair competition. The position of supporters of the partial operation of design protection regimes (partial cumulation) is based on the thesis that full copyright protection is not required, inappropriate and harmful for a number of reasons. First, despite the lack of full copyright protection, the power of copyright is sufficient to support an ever-growing design industry. Secondly, current design laws also provide some protection for design decisions. Thirdly, copyright is incompatible with industry (mass production) because of the doctrine of utilitarian (useful) things and the difficulty of distinguishing original works from non-original ones. The fourth reason is that ensuring full copyright protection will lead to more litigation, more fear of creativity, and more business value. Because of this, an intermediate option - a system for the protection of special industrial designs with partial cumulation - is currently the most acceptable for most legal orders. This special design protection system only protects designs that are "exceptionally original". This level of protection and the high threshold for legal liability for infringement will encourage designers to be more innovative. Such a sui generis system would remove only a small, exclusive class of industrial designs from the public domain. All these factors will only promote competition, reduce the range of opportunities for abuse of the right - the claims of authors for violation of their right to inviolability and the right to processing. Such a high threshold does not invalidate the protection system, as it aims to protect against products that could potentially damage the market for original designs due to confusion that could result from copying. Only a small, limited number of designs deserve protection under the sui generis industrial designs system. Otherwise, a legal basis will be created for numerous lawsuits that will increase prices for manufactured products

Конкуренция и профессиональные участники фондового рынка

This article covers almost not lighted in the legal literature problem of legal regulation and competition growth on the Russia's securities market, questions on defense of competition between registration securities market participants, and also describes some particularities of state control on capital concentration on financial market services and description of some financial market problems from antimonopoly law point of view.В статье освещается практически не отраженная в юридической литературе проблема правового регулирования и развития конкуренции на российском фондовом рынке и вопросы защиты конкуренции между учетными институтами фондового рынка, а также обозначаются некоторые особенности государственного контроля за концентрацией капитала на рынке финансовых услуг и рассматриваются некоторые проблемы финансового рынка с точки зрения антимонопольного законодательства

Dephasing of Local Vibrations in a Planar Lattice of Adsorbed Molecules

We investigate anharmonically coupled high- and low-frequency excitations in a planar lattice of adsorbed molecules interacting with phonons of a crystal. Dephasing of high-frequency local vibrations by low-frequency resonance modes is described in terms of temperature Green's function. The equations obtained are solved, first, with a small ratio of the anharmonic coupling coefficient for high- and low-frequency modes to the resonance width, and second, in the low-temperature limit. High-frequency spectral line positions and widths depend on dispersion laws and resonance mode lifetimes. It is shown that lateral interactions of low-frequency modes of adsorbed molecules can lead to a significant narrowing of high-frequency spectral lines, which is consistent with experimental data.Comment: REVTeX, 11 pages, no figure

An elastic model for the In-In correlations in In(x)Ga(1-x)As semiconductor alloys

Deviations from randomicity in In(x)Ga(1-x) As semiconductor alloys induced by elastic effects are investigated within the Keating potential. Our model is based on Monte Carlo simulations on large (4096 atoms) supercells, performed with two types of boundary conditions: Fully periodic boundary conditions represent the bulk, while periodic boundary conditions along the x and y directions and a free surface in the z direction simulate the epitaxial growth environment. We show that In-In correlations identified in the bulk tend to be enhanced in the epitaxially grown samples.Comment: 13 pages, 1 figure, published in Solid State Communication

Концепция новогого "социального дома"

The preprint is written on the basis of the research work results obtained by the team of the Institute for Social Analysis and Forecasting, RANEPA in 2020, and includes both a systematic review of foreign literature on aging and an analysis of interviews with native and foreign experts in the field of active aging. The concept of separation of older citizens, their separate living in specialized houses or settlements prevailed for a long time until it was modified several decades ago into another concept confirmed by numerous studies and known as "aging at home". However, the strict limitation of living space within a house leads to social exclusion, the risks of which are especially high among the elders. In this regard, it seemed meaningful to develop the concept of a new "social house", which can be applied both in designing new residential complexes and in renovation or adaptation the existing residential complexes and social infrastructure to the needs of the older generation. The results of the work can be used for scientific and methodological support of programs and strategies in the field of aging and old age, for state policy formation in the field of social protection of the elderly people, as well as for the development of specific directions, measures, and mechanisms of state policy

Effect of electron-phonon interaction on the shift and attenuation of optical phonons

Using the Boltzmann equation for electrons in metals, we show that the optical phonons soften and have a dispersion due to screening in agreement with the results reported recently [M. Reizer, Phys. Rev. B {\bf 61}, 40 (2000)]. Additional phonon damping and frequency shift arise when the electron--phonon interaction is properly included.Comment: 4 pages, late