Нефинансовые риски внедрения информационных систем в деятельность транспортно-логистических компаний

Today, digital transformation is a priority vector for development of all economic sectors of the Russian Federation; at the same time, special attention in this context is paid to the transport and logistics sector due to its great importance for the country’s economy. The implementation of information systems that meet modern requirements, as well as with added functionality, is one of the key components of work in the field of digital transformation of transport.Most often, in this regard the attention is paid to financial and technological risks, while the influence of the human factor is considered rather superficially. Hence, the need to examine the risks that are primarily associated with employees of transport and logistics companies, as well as the impact of those risks on digital transformation in general and on the process of implementing information systems in particular, to suggest ways to minimise those risks in the context of modern corporate culture. JSC Russian Railways, as well as PJSC Aeroflot Russian Airlines, are considered as examples of companies that have already implemented advancement within the digital transformation vector.На сегодняшний день цифровая трансформация является приоритетным вектором развития всех отраслей Российской Федерации; в то же время транспортно-логистическому сектору в этом плане уделяется особое внимание ввиду его большой значимости для экономики страны. Внедрение информационных систем, отвечающих современным требованиям, а также с дополненным функционалом – одна из ключевых частей работы в сфере цифровой трансформации транспорта.Чаще всего во внимание берутся финансовые и технологические риски, при этом влияние человеческого фактора рассматривается крайне поверхностно. В настоящей работе изучены те риски, которые в первую очередь связаны с сотрудниками транспортнологистических компаний, их влияние на цифровую трансформацию в целом и на процесс внедрения информационных систем в частности, а также предложены способы минимизации рисков в условиях современной корпоративной культуры. В качестве примеров компаний, которые уже начали работу в векторе цифровой трансформации рассмотрены в первую очередь ОАО «РЖД», а также ПАО «Аэрофлот»

Quality of life and health utility index in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with various forms of hypoglycemia receiving basal-bolus insulin therapy

Analysis of the results of observational program «Quality of life, symptoms of hypoglycemia and treatment satisfaction in patients with type 2 diabetes receiving basal-bolus insulin therapy» are presented. One thousand patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) from ten regions of Russia were included in the above program. The quality of life of DM2 patients with different forms of hypoglycemia on insulin therapy and their distribution according to the grades of quality of life impairment were studied; the health utility index ( Ut) for various forms of hypoglycemia was determined. Quality of life in DM2 patients with hypoglycemia was lower than in those without hypoglycemia. Patients with severe and nocturnal hypoglycemia episodes recorded the expressed disturbances in quality of life; the majority of patients in this group had critical or severe quality of life impairment. On the basis of real-world practice data, the values of health utility index for patients with and without hypoglycemia were determined. The obtained values of health utility index can be used to calculate QALY in pharmacoeconomic analysis

Профессиональное выгорание, особенности качества жизни и психологические проблемы у врачей — анестезиологов-реаниматологов в современных условиях после пандемии COVID-19: результаты интернет-опроса

АКТУАЛЬНОСТЬ: Крайне уязвимой группой медицинских специалистов, в большей степени подверженных профессиональному стрессу в условиях пандемии COVID-19, являются врачи — анестезиологи-реаниматологи. ЦЕЛЬ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ: Изучение степени выраженности синдрома профессионального выгорания (ПВ), особенностей качества жизни и психологических проблем у врачей — анестезиологов-реаниматологов, работающих в условиях современного стационара, а также определение факторов риска ПВ этих специалистов. МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ: В рамках интернет-опроса врачи заполняли опросный лист, включающий анкету с вопросами, а также опросник оценки профессионального выгорания MBI, опросник оценки качества жизни WHOQOL-BREF и Госпитальную шкалу тревоги и депрессии HADS. В рамках анализа проводили парные или множественные сравнения, а также корреляционный и регрессионный анализ. РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: В онлайн-опросе участвовал 101 врач (средний возраст 38,3 ± 9,8 года, 54,5 % — женщины). Во время пандемии в «красной зоне» работали 68,3 % специалистов. В результате исследования установлено, что сформированный синдром ПВ или его признаки наблюдались через 2 года после начала пандемии у 75 % опрошенных специалистов: у 27 % он был сформирован, а у 48 % отмечались его признаки. Низкие показатели основных аспектов качества жизни — физического, психологического и социального благополучия — выявлены у 1/3 врачей, около трети специалистов имели пограничный или повышенный уровень тревоги/депрессии. Работа в «красной зоне» и повышенный уровень депрессии увеличивают вероятность ПВ, а хороший уровень социального благополучия ее понижает. ВЫВОДЫ: Полученные результаты могут быть использованы в дальнейшем для разработки научно обоснованных практических рекомендаций по профилактике синдрома ПВ и нарушений в психосоциальной сфере у врачей — анестезиологов-реаниматологов. Для профилактики развития синдрома ПВ у специалистов этого профиля и своевременного выявления специалистов, относящихся к группе риска по формированию ПВ, рекомендовано проведение периодических скрининговых обследований

Pharmacoeconomic analysis of use the oral hypoglycemic agents in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus according to a real clinical practice

We aimed to conduct cost-utility analysis of two different regimens of the oral hypoglycemic therapy in 2 type diabetes mellitus (DM2). Methods. In the whole, 229 patients with DM2, receiving vildagliptin add-on to metformin (group 1) or sulphonylureas add-on to metformin (group 2) were enrolled in the study. Cost-utility ratio (CUR) was identified as a ratio of difference in total costs of treatment in the groups and difference in QALY in corresponding groups. The overall costs included direct costs of treatment as well as costs for treating of DM2 complications (severe hypoglycemia) and the costs related to the loss of GDP due to severe hypoglycemia events. Health utility value was evaluated for each patient on the basis of SF-6D questionnaire. Pharmacoeconomic expediency of treatment regimen was estimated by means of comparing the CUR and wiliness-to-pay ratio (WTP) for Russian Federation (RF). Results. The health utility value was higher in group 1 as compared to group 2: 0,757 vs 0,70 (p>0,05). The overall costs for treating one patient in group 1 during a year were 28 637,34 rubles, in group 2 - 10 231,55 rubles. CUR amounted 328 674,82 rubles and it was 4.4 times lower than upper border of WTP ratio in RF (1 457 400 rub.). Conclusion. The innovation treatment regimen with vildagliptin add-on to metformin is beneficial and may be considered as economically reasonable alternative to traditional treatment regimen with sulphonylureas add-on to metformin for DM2 patients in RF

Changes in cortical bone response to high-fat diet from adolescence to adulthood in mice

UnlabelledDiabetic obesity is associated with increased fracture risk in adults and adolescents. We find in both adolescent and adult mice dramatically inferior mechanical properties and structural quality of cortical bone, in agreement with the human fracture data, although some aspects of the response to obesity appear to differ by age.IntroductionThe association of obesity with bone is complex and varies with age. Diabetic obese adolescents and adult humans have increased fracture risk. Prior studies have shown reduced mechanical properties as a result of high-fat diet (HFD) but do not fully address size-independent mechanical properties or structural quality, which are important to understand material behavior.MethodsCortical bone from femurs and tibiae from two age groups of C57BL/6 mice fed either HFD or low-fat diet (LFD) were evaluated for structural and bone turnover changes (SEM and histomorphometry) and tested for bending strength, bending stiffness, and fracture toughness. Leptin, IGF-I, and non-enzymatic glycation measurements were also collected.ResultsIn both young and adult mice fed on HFD, femoral strength, stiffness, and toughness are all dramatically lower than controls. Inferior lamellar and osteocyte alignment also point to reduced structural quality in both age groups. Bone size was largely unaffected by HFD, although there was a shift from increasing bone size in obese adolescents to decreasing in adults. IGF-I levels were lower in young obese mice only.ConclusionsWhile the response to obesity of murine cortical bone mass, bone formation, and hormonal changes appear to differ by age, the bone mechanical properties for young and adult groups are similar. In agreement with human fracture trends, adult mice may be similarly susceptible to bone fracture to the young group, although cortical bone in the two age groups responds to diabetic obesity differently

Quality-of-life issues and symptoms reported by patients living with haematological malignancy: a qualitative study

Background: Our aim was to identify health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL) issues and symptoms in patients with haematological malignancies (HMs) and develop a conceptual framework to reflect the inter-relation between them. / Methods: A total of 129 patients with HMs were interviewed in a UK multicentre qualitative study. All interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and analysed using NVivo-11. / Results: Overall, 34 issues were reported by patients and were grouped into two parts: quality of life (QoL) and symptoms. The most prevalent HRQoL issues were: eating and drinking habits; social life; physical activity; sleep; and psychological well-being. Furthermore, most prevalent disease-related symptoms were: tiredness; feeling unwell; breathlessness; lack of energy; and back pain. The most prevalent treatment side effects were: tiredness; feeling sick; disturbance in sense of taste; and breathlessness. / Conclusions: Both HMs and their treatments have a significant impact on patients’ HRQoL, in particular on issues such as job-role change, body image and impact on finances

Microscopic theory of quadrupolar ordering in TmTe

We have calculated the crystal electric field of TmTe (T>T_Q) and have obtained that the ground state of a Tm 4f hole is the $\Gamma_7$ doublet in agreement with Mossbauer experiments. We study the quadrupole interactions arising from quantum transitions of 4f holes of Tm. An effective attraction is found at the L point of the Brillouin zone, $\vec{q}_L$. Assuming that the quadrupolar condensation involves a single arm of $\vec{q}_L$ we show that there are two variants for quadrupole ordering which are described by the space groups C2/c and C2/m. The Landau free energy is derived in mean-field theory. The phase transition is of second order. The corresponding quadrupole order parameters are combinations of $T_{2g}$ and $E_g$ components. The obtained domain structure is in agreement with observations from neutron diffraction studies for TmTe. Calculated lattice distortions are found to be different for the two variants of quadrupole ordering. We suggest to measure lattice displacements in order to discriminate between those two structures.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, 5 tables; accepted by PR

Development of a Novel Hematological Malignancy Specific Patient-Reported Outcome Measure (HM-PRO) : Content Validity

Copyright © 2020 Goswami, Oliva, Ionova, Else, Kell, Fielding, Jennings, Karakantza, Al-Ismail, Collins, McConnell, Langton and Salek.Background: The quality of life of patients at all stages of hematological malignancy is greatly affected by the disease and its treatment. There is a wide range of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) issues important to these patients. Any new instrument developed to measure HRQoL of such patients should be content valid, i.e., the items should be comprehensively relevant to the patients and their health condition. The aim of the present study was to examine content validity of a hematological malignancy specific patient reported outcome measure (HM-PRO) developed for use in routine clinical practice. Methods: Following literature review and semi-structured interviews, the generated themes and sub-themes were discussed to develop the prototype version of the HM-PRO. A 4-step approach was used for content validation: initial testing and cognitive interviewing; item rating; content validity panel meeting; final field testing and cognitive interviewing. Additional questions related to patients' perception of recall period and preferred sentence structure (i.e., question or statement) of the items were also asked during cognitive interviews. Results: The content analysis of 129 transcribed semi-structured interviews resulted in the prototype version of the instrument consisting of 58 items grouped into two parts: Part A (impact/HRQoL - 34 items) and Part B (signs and symptoms - 24 items). The initial testing showed intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) of >0.8 for both Part A and Part B. Item rating for language clarity, completeness, relevance, and response scale by experts and patients showed content validity index for scales average >0.8 for both Part A and Part B, except 0.64 for relevance for Part A by the patient panel. The final testing of the revised version of the instrument showed the Cronbach's alpha value of 0.91 for Part A and 0.76 for Part B, suggesting high internal consistency, and ICC of 0.91 for Part A and 0.76 for Part B. The recall period of "today" for Part-A and "last 3 days" for Part-B were the patients' preferred "recall period." Furthermore, the patients expressed preference to the HM-PRO items as statements. Conclusion: The findings of this study confirm that the HM-PRO possesses a strong content validity, includes all the issues important to patients and is easy to read, understand and respond to spontaneously.Peer reviewedFinal Published versio