Trends in gender differences in accidents mortality

This study tests five hypotheses concerning trends in gender differences in accidents mortality and accident-related behavior, using data for the US, UK, France, Italy, and Japan, 1950-98. As predicted by the Convergence Hypothesis, gender differences have decreased for amount of driving, motor vehicle accidents mortality, and occupational accidents mortality. However, for many types of accidents mortality, gender differences were stable or increased; these trends often resulted from the differential impact on male and female mortality of general societal trends such as increased illicit drug use or improved health care. Similarly, trends in gender differences in accident-related behavior have shown substantial variation and appear to have been influenced by multiple factors, including gender differences in rates of adoption of different types of innovations.accidents, convergence, diffusion of innovations, Europe, gender, gender differences, Japan, mortality, sex differences, unintentional injuries, USA

Fleshing Out the Racial Undertones of Poverty for Canadian Women and their Families: Re-envisioning a Critical Integrative Approach

This paper argues for re-envisioning a critical integrative approach to poverty in lone mother families. In order to substantiate our argument, we unpack the concept feminization of poverty by fleshing out its racial undertones. We also show how a gendered and racialized understanding of poverty in lone mother families is neutralized and/or erased in political and policy discourses and media. Résumé Cet article discute la revisualisation d’une approche critique intégrative envers la pauvreté chez les familles de mères seules. Afin de prouver le bien-fondé notre point, nous développons le concept de féminisation de la pauvreté en soulevant ses nuances tons raciaux. Nous montrons aussi comment une compréhension de la pauvreté des familles de mères seules racialisée et basée sur la différences entre les sexes est neutralisée ou effacée dans les discours de politiques et de lois et dans les médias

Race and Gender Impacts Women in Poverty

Lone mother families experience poverty as a result of specific factors such as race and gender. These factors disadvantage them in society and calls for further studies to find solutions.York's Knowledge Mobilization Unit provides services and funding for faculty, graduate students, and community organizations seeking to maximize the impact of academic research and expertise on public policy, social programming, and professional practice. It is supported by SSHRC and CIHR grants, and by the Office of the Vice-President Research & Innovation. [email protected] www.researchimpact.c

Entendez mes cris : briser le code du silence au sujet de la violence conjugale chez les femmes noires dans la quarantaine et au-delà

There is a knowledge gap about how the intersections of gender, race, culture, age, income, social class, and other identities shape Black women’s experiences of intimate partner violence (IPV). In this qualitative study, we utilized an intersectional approach to examine how IPV is experienced and managed by racialized women, and in particular, our focus was to explore the IPV experiences of Black Nova Scotian women in and beyond midlife and their experiences of seeking support. Participant recruitment was predictably challenging, but we were able to collect in-depth interview data from a Black woman who identified as being in and beyond midlife and who had experienced IPV in the past and from three people who provided support to Black women in a paid capacity. An interpretive narrative approach was utilized to identify five dominant themes: descriptions of the experiences of IPV for Black women; strategies for coping with IPV; strategies in supporting Black women experiencing IPV; barriers in accessing support; and challenges in the delivery of support. The knowledge gained through this research provides important insights about the experiences, barriers faced, and how to address these challenges for Black women who experience IPV in and beyond midlife.Il y a un manque de connaissances au sujet de la façon dont les intersections du genre, de la race, de la culture, de l’âge, du revenu, de la classe sociale et d’autres identités façonnent les expériences de violence conjugale (VC) chez les femmes noires. Dans cette étude qualitative, nous avons utilisé une approche intersectionnelle pour examiner la façon dont la VC est vécue et gérée par les femmes racialisées, et en particulier, notre objectif était d’explorer les expériences de VC chez les femmes noires de la Nouvelle-Écosse, dans la quarantaine et au-delà, et sur leurs expériences de recherche de soutien. Le recrutement des participantes s’est avéré difficile, comme on s’y attendait, mais nous sommes parvenus à recueillir des données détaillées auprès d’une femme noire qui s’est identifiée comme étant dans la quarantaine ou au-delà et qui avait été victime de VC par le passé, ainsi qu’auprès de trois personnes qui ont apporté un soutien à titre rémunéré à des femmes noires. Nous avons utilisé une approche d’interprétation narrative pour cerner cinq thèmes dominants : descriptions des expériences de VC parmi les femmes noires; stratégies pour faire face à la VC; stratégies pour soutenir les femmes noires victimes de VC; obstacles à l’accès aux soutiens; et défis en matière de prestation des soutiens. Les connaissances acquises dans le cadre de cette recherche fournissent des indications importantes sur les expériences vécues, les obstacles rencontrés et la manière de relever ces défis pour les femmes noires autour de la quarantaine et au-delà qui sont victimes de VC

Finishing the euchromatic sequence of the human genome

The sequence of the human genome encodes the genetic instructions for human physiology, as well as rich information about human evolution. In 2001, the International Human Genome Sequencing Consortium reported a draft sequence of the euchromatic portion of the human genome. Since then, the international collaboration has worked to convert this draft into a genome sequence with high accuracy and nearly complete coverage. Here, we report the result of this finishing process. The current genome sequence (Build 35) contains 2.85 billion nucleotides interrupted by only 341 gaps. It covers ∼99% of the euchromatic genome and is accurate to an error rate of ∼1 event per 100,000 bases. Many of the remaining euchromatic gaps are associated with segmental duplications and will require focused work with new methods. The near-complete sequence, the first for a vertebrate, greatly improves the precision of biological analyses of the human genome including studies of gene number, birth and death. Notably, the human enome seems to encode only 20,000-25,000 protein-coding genes. The genome sequence reported here should serve as a firm foundation for biomedical research in the decades ahead

The Marginalization of African Indigenous Healing Traditions within Western Medicine: Reconciling Ideological Tensions & Contradictions along the Epistemological Terrain

In examining the production of knowledge in the health systems in Western and non-Western societies, this paper argues that scientific knowledge in Western medicine serves to foster and sustain the marginalization of ‘African indigenous’ health knowledges. Using conceptualisations of illness, symptom presentation and help-seeking among African peoples of the diaspora, the paper argues that the epistemological terrain upon which both indigenous and Western health professionals traverse is not level, resulting in a hierarchy of knowledge, as well as superficial dichotomies between the indigenous and Western health approaches that obscure opportunities for alliances at the epistemological crossroads. The paper concludes with a discussion on opportunities for forging alliances between both health systems

Examining beliefs about mental illness among African Canadian women

This paper examines how social constructs such as race, culture, gender, age, socioeconomic status, educational level, language and immigrant status influence the ideologies, beliefs and attitudes that many African Canadian women hold about “mental illness”, symptom presentation and treatment. In this paper, interview data from six informants, two of whom speak about their emotional and mental health problems are provided. The remaining four informants were mental health professionals who provided additional data on many of their African Canadian female patients experiences in dealing with mental health problems. Standardized interview guides were used with each informant. Interviews lasted approximately one hour and thirty minutes. The data were analyzed by using a categorization system that was based on themes arising out of the author’s earlier research