Creating a Different Kind of Innovator: Using health communication theory in entrepreneurship education to foster behavior change among entrepreneurship students in sub-Saharan Africa

There is a broad scholarly consensus that entrepreneurship can be taught and that entrepreneurship education benefits societies (Charney & Libecap, 2003). However, technical entrepreneurship education interventions are still the norm in the West (Alberti & Poli, 2005), and especially in sub-Saharan Africa (North, 2002; Ladzani & van Vuuren, 2002). In this study, we argue that entrepreneurship education in sub-Saharan Africa follows a special pattern, and that health communication theory can inform improvements in enterprise training in the African context because of its particular effectiveness in inducing behavior change where environmental norms would normally constrain the development of such new behavior. The overall goal of the present paper is threefold; to contribute to the understudied domain of entrepreneurship education theory for economic development, to inform more effective enterprise training interventions in sub-Saharan Africa, and to foster the generation of more entrepreneurs capable of contributing to wealth generation in this region

Government Openness and Public Trust: The Mediating Role of Democratic Capacity

The open government paradigm implies public processes are becoming more transparent, public information is available online, and citizens and non‐governmental organizations are encouraged to interact with public administration through new platform‐based forms of participation and collaboration. Though these governmental efforts to open up organizational procedures to the public are meant to strengthen the relationship between citizens and the government, empirical evidence is currently sparse and mixed. This article argues that positive impacts of openness depend on citizens' democratic capacity defined as individual sense of empowerment to influence governmental systems. By matching individual survey data from the European Social Survey with secondary institutional data the authors investigate the relationship between individual and structural level variables. Findings indicate that structural openness is, in general, positively associated with higher trust. Further, the effect of openness on public trust is partially mediated by an individual's perception that they have meaningful opportunities for political participation

Process effects of multistakeholder institutions: theory and evidence from the Open Government Partnership

How does membership in transnational multistakeholder institutions shape states' domestic governance? We complement traditional compliance-based approaches by developing a process model, focusing on the independent effects of processes associated with institutional membership, but separate from commitments and compliance themselves. These effects can be driven by iterative and participatory institutional features, which are increasingly prevalent in global governance. We apply this model to the Open Government Partnership (OGP), a transnational multistakeholder initiative with nearly 80 member countries, featuring highly flexible commitments and weak enforcement. Although commitments and compliance have generally been limited, a compliance-focused approach alone cannot account for myriad other consequences globally and domestically, driven by the iterative and participatory features associated with membership. We demonstrate these at work in a case study of Mexico's OGP membership, which contributed to the spread of new norms and policy models, new political resources and opportunities for reformers, and new linkages and coalitions

Learning from our mistakes: public management reform and the hope of open government

In public administration today, many new reform ideas mingle, offering new diagnoses of governmental problems and courses of action. But scholars have highlighted reasons why we should doubt the optimistic claims of reformists. A new set of policy tools called "open government"arrived nearly a decade ago, and scholars have not yet explained its origins or prospects as specific approach to management reform. In this article, we address this lacuna. We compare open government with three other historic reforms, and analyze how likely its ideas are to bear fruit. In so doing, we introduce a framework for evaluating risks inherent in any new reform approach. We conclude that the challenges faced by open government are both new and old, but - like all reform approaches - they result from management challenges in reconciling competing interests and values that raise tensions and can lead to unexpected consequences. We argue that these will need careful attention if the open government approach is to have any hope of succeeding

Vietato Vietare: Controcultura in Italia 1968-1977

The catalogue for the exhibition Vietato Vietare: Contro Cultura in Italia 1968-1977, held at the Musei Civici di Cagliari, Sardinia (November 2018-March 2019), bears testament to the rich array of printed materials which were on display in this show, curated by Melania Gazzotti. Drawn mostly from the collection of Enzo Longo, these included magazines, books, comics, fanzines, posters and pamphlets, which together cover a vast range of topics, all produced by the different movements that made..

High time for government action to make the OECD Guidelines a force for sustainable FDI

FDI can be responsible only if it is accountable to workers and communities negatively impacted by investments and the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises should ensure accountability for victims of corporate misconduct. However, until the OECD’s complaint mechanism is significantly reformed, victims will lack effective access to remedy

Alternative Journalism as Monitorial Citizenship? A case study of a local news blog

Recent years have seen claims that some examples of online alternative journalism in the form of hyperlocal and local blogs are helping to address society’s “democratic deficit” by subjecting the actions of the powerful to increased public scrutiny, in a process that has been described as “monitorial citizenship”. To explore how this might work in practice, this study examines the origins, motivations and practices of one such site in the United Kingdom: the Leeds Citizen. The aim is to provide the sort of detailed consideration in depth that is almost by definition missing from wider surveys of the field. To this end, the case study is based on a series of interviews with the site’s creator, augmented by analysis of content, all discussed within the context of scholarly literature on how alternative, non-commercial forms of journalism operate in the digital age. The article concludes that this contemporary form of alternative journalism may indeed be described as an example of monitorial citizenship in action, but there is also a need for further research

Martina Tanga, Arte Ambientale, Urban Space, and Participatory Art

Martina Tanga’s Arte Ambientale, Urban Space, and Participatory Art is a thorough and carefully researched account of Arte Ambientale (Environmental Art), the term given to describe the interventions into cityscapes made by certain Italian artists in the 1970s through a diverse set of practices which included sculptural, conceptual and participatory works, all of which sought to address the social relations at play in often peripheral and marginalized urban locations. Hitherto neglected in It..

'A kind of fissure': Forma (1947-1949)

This article explores a selection of paintings made between 1947 and 1949 by Forma, a group of artists working in Rome. Declaring themselves Marxists and Formalists, Forma proposed their version of abstraction as an alternative to the realism increasingly dominant in Italian Marxist circles. Moving beyond prevailing notions of a debate between abstraction and figuration in post-war Italy, this article argues that Forma’s return to the theories of Russian Formalism can be understood as an attempt to renegotiate the legacy of Futurism as well as older histories of Italian painting. In conclusion, this article argues that the antithetical movements of rupture and return, that Forma’s art presents, can be identified as part of a Gramscian struggle for a new culture