A comparative study between proximal femur locking compression plate and dynamic hip screw fixation in management of pertrochanteric fracture

Background: Pertrochanteric fracture is common in elderly people. Dynamic hip screw is still considered the gold standard for treating intertrochantric fracture. Proximal femoral locking compression plate is newer device. The purpose of the study was to compare the outcome of surgical treatment of trochanteric fracture by dynamic hip screw and proximal femoral locking compression plate.Methods: We study 60 patient admitted and followed up at J.L.N. Medical College Ajmer from June 2016 to April 2018 for minimum 6 month or till the bony union. Every fracture classified according to AO classification and functional result will be assessed according to Harris hip score using unpaired t test.Results: The mean operative time and average intraoperative blood loss was more in PFLCP group when compared with DHS group it was statically significant. DHS group has marginally better functional result then PFLCP group. There was no difference in the radiological outcome between two group.Conclusions: DHS is best implant for stable intertrochantric fracture but PFLCP can also be good alternative for unstable IT femur fracture

Keratin 19 marks poor differentiation and a more aggressive behaviour in canine and human hepatocellular tumours

Keratin 19 marks poor differentiation and a more aggressive behaviour in canine and human hepatocellular tumours Renee GHM van Sprundel1, Ted SGAM van den Ingh2, Valeer J Desmet3, Azeam Katoonizadeh3, Louis C Penning1, Jan Rothuizen1, Tania Roskams3 and Bart Spee13* * Corresponding author: Bart Spee [email protected] Author Affiliations 1 Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals, Faculty of Veterinary medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands 2 TCCI Consultancy BV, Utrecht, The Netherlands 3 Department of Morphology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium For all author emails, please log on. Comparative Hepatology 2010, 9:4 doi:10.1186/1476-5926-9-4 The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at: http://www.comparative-hepatology.com/content/9/1/4 Received: 23 November 2009 Accepted: 18 February 2010 Published: 18 February 2010 © 2010 van Sprundel et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited

Surgical management of a cat with hepatic arterioportal fistula

A 9‐month‐old domestic short‐haired cat presented with stunted growth and chronic gastrointestinal signs. Tachypnoea, a heart murmur and cranial abdominal bruit were detected on physical examination. Echocardiography revealed volume overload in all heart chambers. CT angiography identified an abnormal communication between the hepatic arterial circulation and the portal vein, along with multiple acquired shunts. The abnormal vascular communication was surgically ligated. Echocardiography documented improvement in cardiac parameters following surgery and the cat continues to have no clinical signs 39 months after surgery. This report describes successful surgical management of feline hepatic arterioportal fistula for the first time

Comparison of different methods to obtain and store liver biopsies for molecular and histological research

BACKGROUND: To minimize the necessary number of biopsies for molecular and histological research we evaluated different sampling techniques, fixation methods, and storage procedures for canine liver tissue. For addressing the aim, three biopsy techniques (wedge biopsy, Menghini, True-cut), four storage methods for retrieval of RNA (snap freezing, RNAlater, Boonfix, RLT-buffer), two RNA isolation procedures (Trizol and RNAeasy), and three different fixation protocols for histological studies (10% buffered formalin, RNAlater, Boonfix) were compared. Histological evaluation was based on hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and reticulin (fibrogenesis) staining, and rubeanic acid and rhodanine stains for copper. Immunohistochemical evaluation was performed for cytokeratin-7 (K-7), multidrug resistance binding protein-2 (MRP-2) and Hepar-1. RESULTS: RNA quality was best guaranteed by the combination of a Menghini biopsy with NaCl, followed by RNAlater preservation and RNAeasy mini kit extraction. These results were confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR testing. Reliable histological assessment for copper proved only possible in formalin fixed liver tissue. Short formalin fixation (1-4 hrs) improved immunohistochemical reactivity and preservation of good morphology in small liver biopsies. CONCLUSION: At least two biopsies (RNAlater and formalin) are needed. Since human and canine liver diseases are highly comparable, it is conceivable that the protocols described here can be easily translated into the human biomedical field

Cutaneous and renal glomerular vasculopathy as a cause of acute kidney injury in dogs in the UK

To describe the signalment, clinicopathological findings and outcome in dogs presenting with acute kidney injury (AKI) and skin lesions between November 2012 and March 2014, in whom cutaneous and renal glomerular vasculopathy (CRGV) was suspected and renal thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) was histopathologically confirmed. The medical records of dogs with skin lesions and AKI, with histopathologically confirmed renal TMA, were retrospectively reviewed. Thirty dogs from across the UK were identified with clinicopathological findings compatible with CRGV. These findings included the following: skin lesions, predominantly affecting the distal extremities; AKI; and variably, anaemia, thrombocytopaenia and hyperbilirubinaemia. Known causes of AKI were excluded. The major renal histopathogical finding was TMA. All thirty dogs died or were euthanised. Shiga toxin was not identified in the kidneys of affected dogs. Escherichia coli genes encoding shiga toxin were not identified in faeces from affected dogs. CRGV has previously been reported in greyhounds in the USA, a greyhound in the UK, without renal involvement, and a Great Dane in Germany. This is the first report of a series of non-greyhound dogs with CRGV and AKI in the UK. CRGV is a disease of unknown aetiology carrying a poor prognosis when azotaemia develops

Morphological characterisation of portal myofibroblasts and hepatic stellate cells in the normal dog liver

BACKGROUND: Hepatic fibrosis is a common outcome of hepatic injury in both man and dog. Activated fibroblasts which develop myofibroblastic characteristics play an essential role in hepatic fibrogenesis, and are comprised of three subpopulations: 1) portal or septal myofibroblasts, 2) interface myofibroblasts and 3) the perisinusoidally located hepatic stellate cells (HSC). The present study was performed to investigate the immunohistochemical characteristics of canine portal myofibroblasts (MF) and HSC in the normal unaffected liver as a basis for further studies on fibrogenesis in canine liver disease. RESULTS: In the formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded normal canine liver vimentin showed staining of hepatic fibroblasts, probably including MF in portal areas and around hepatic veins; however, HSC were in general negative. Desmin proved to react with both portal MF and HSC. A unique feature of these HSC was the positive immunostaining for alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and muscle-specific actin clone HHF35 (HHF35), also portal MF stained positive with these antibodies. Synaptophysin and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were consistently negative in the normal canine liver. In a frozen chronic hepatitis case (with expected activated hepatic MF and HSC), HSC were negative to synaptophysin, GFAP and NCAM. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) immunogold labelling for α-SMA and HHF35 recognized the positive cells as HSC situated in the space of Disse. CONCLUSION: In the normal formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded canine liver hepatic portal MF and HSC can be identified by α-SMA, HHF35 and to a lesser extent desmin immunostaining. These antibodies can thus be used in further studies on hepatic fibrosis. Synaptophysin, GFAP and NCAM do not seem suitable for marking of canine HSC. The positivity of HSC for α-SMA and HHF35 in the normal canine liver may eventually reflect a more active regulation of hepatic sinusoidal flow by these HSC compared to other species