62 research outputs found
Evaluation of Homogeneity from Ore-bodied in Nigeria for Secondary Mineral Prospective
Samples from ore–bodied areas at different locations in Papalanto and Ifo in Ogun-State, South-West of
Nigeria, where Ewekoro cement industry is situated, were analyzed so as to recover some secondary
minerals of economic value. The following parameters were evaluated, conductivity, turbidity, colour, pH
and other chemical parameters. Variations of Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD),
sulphate, nitrate, phosphate, chloride ion contents, and temperature were also studied. Mineral-forming
heavy metals were in the ranges Fe: 89.0–1080 mg/l; Mg: 869–1120 mg/l; Pb: 23–80 mg/l; Zn: 180-480
mg/l. The concentration of nitrate is 20-35 mg/l; phosphate: 8-80mg/l; Dissolved Oxygen (DO): 30–45
mg/l; Total Dissolved Solids (TDS): 89-900 mg/l; pH: 6.1-8.5; Conductivity: 10-18μs/cm3 and temperature
ranged between 25-27oC. Also in the tabulation are the results of the homogeneity of four geochemical
explorations from other Nigerian ore-bodied environments for comparison. Correlations of some of the
physical and chemical parameters have been established with the view of providing conditions for the
formation of secondary minerals and the types of such minerals expected from the studied areas. The
minerals may include the following groups of minerals: Adelite, Melilite, Cancrinite and Copriapite. The
study apart from the present knowledge on ore-based baseline also present information on the pollution
studies of the area under investigatio
A SURVEY OF SAFETY PRACTICES IN SOME MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES IN NORTHEASTERN STATES OF NIGERIA
This paper looks at safe ty practY"..es in some o! t~e industries cf North·
Easterr. S~tes of ~eric Some o! tr.e surveyed mdustnes :W~ere known tc
prov1de reasonable leveis of safe:y fa~h!ies. The relationsrups between
accidents and the degree cf provis~-~ of safery facii1ttes ar.d observcnce: of
safety rules were estooilshea
Effects of Pouring Temperature on Solidification Using Energy Profile Analysis on Aluminum Alloy
This work covered the study of energy profiles as influenced by solidification on sand cast 6063
aluminum alloy. Temperature is an important parameter, most especially in foundry technology that
influences properties and morphology of cast products. Different pouring temperatures of 680oC, 740oC
and 780oC were considered. Mechanical energy expended and the quantity of heat evolved was
evaluated from results obtained from tensile test experiments carried on the three samples. Relationship
between change in coefficient of thermal expansion and change in applied tensile load were derived; it
was observed that the maximum energy expended before fracture for samples decreased with increasing
pouring temperature. Increasing pouring temperature decreased the amount of energy to be expended
during deformation. This also influenced the change in heat evolved per time
Potentially Exploitable Base-Metal Containing Bentonite Clay Minerals oflbeshi-Ikorodu South-Western Nigeria for Oil Bleaching
.The experiment has been undertaken to evaluate the bleaching capacity of
lbeshi Montmorillonite-Bentonite clay to be used on soya bean oils (edible oils). The
clay capacity for bleaching was evaluated before and after acid activation processes.
The acid-activated Bentonite was prepared from raw Bentonite with sulphuric acid of
concentrations 6 M, 7 M, and 8 M; this is because availability of hydrogen is a
competitor at ions exchange site. Acid activation promotes catalytic activities by
increasing the number of active sites of the clay samples. The results from AAS, GeMS
analysis and the spectra of the raw clay indicated that the dominant components
present were Ah~, MgO, CaO, Na20, and K20 together with Fe2~, Ti02, Mn02 and
P20 5. The ratio ofNa20:CaO is 0.24-0.30, a value less than one, indicative the presence
of montmorillonite, and the Si02 : Ah03 between ratio of 1.12-1.50 greater than one.
The optimum acid concentration for industrial bleaching is 6 M H2S04. However, the
exchange capacity was observed at pH 7. The work has shown that activated
montmorillonite/Bentonite clay has other useful organic compounds such as organic
complexes 2, 4-Nonadienal; up to 8% a-Tocopherol. Tests for bleaching performance
evaluation confirmed that the clay has moderately bleaching action as shown by
percentage colour reduction. The colour reduction for natural clay was 9.1 %, this value
increases to 27.3% after 8M H2S04 activation. Other properties include the structural
characteristics, free fatty acid value, viscosity were also recorded. The availability of Bentonite across Nigeria makes it a potential industrial mineral for the economy
developmen
Design and Construction of Sheabutter Extraction Machine for Rural Areas In The Developing Countries
Both industrial and domestic applications of oils/fats have
necessitated lipids research and the best method of
extraction. The design and construction of the sheabutter
extractor was made with the view of improving the nutrients
in sheabutter. The construction was made within the
available local raw materials.· The extractor- which is
portable and manually operated, is meant to serve r-ur-al
areas in the developing countries.
The sheabutter extractor was tested and was found to be
sa tis factory
Aluminum Silicon Carbide Particulate Metal Matrix Composite Development Via Stir Casting Processing
In this paper, conventional simple methods of
Q1
producing MMC with attained properties through the dis
persion of silicon carbide in the matrix were investi11
gated. To achieve these objectives two step-mixing method
of stir casting technique has been employed. Aluminum
(99.66 %C.P) and SiC (320 and 1200 grits) were chosen
as matrix and reinforcement materials respectively. Exper
iments were conducted by varying weight fraction of SiC
for 2.5 %, 5.0 %, 7.5 % and 10 %. The result indicated
that the stir casting method was quite successful to obtain
uniform dispersion of reinforcement in the matrix. This
was evident by the improvement properties of composites
over the base metal. Reinforced Aluminium Silicon Car
bide (ASC) showed increase in Young’s Modulus (E) and
hardness above the unreinforced case and marginal reduc
tion of electrical conductivity was recorded for the com
posites. The silicon carbide of 1200 grits (3 μm) showed
increased Young’sModulus (E) and hardness of 1517.6Mpa
and 26.1 Hv values at 7.5% volume fraction silicon carbidewhen compared with the silicon carbide 320 grit (29 μm)Also; the electrical conductivity properties of the two grit
sizes of the Silicon Carbides were less than the base metal
for all the volume fraction of Silicon Carbid
Aluminum Silicon Carbide Particulate Metal Matrix Composite Development Via Stir Casting Processing
In this paper, conventional simple methods of
producing MMC with attained properties through the dispersion
of silicon carbide in the matrix are investigated. To
achieve these objectives a two-step mixing method of stir
casting technique was employed. Aluminum (99.66 %C.P)
and SiC (320 and 1200 grits) were chosen as matrix
and reinforcement materials respectively. Experiments were
conducted by varying the weight fraction of SiC for 2.5 %,
5.0 %. 7.5 % and 10 %. The result indicated that the
st ir casting method was quite successful to obtain uniform
dispersion of reinforcement in the matrix. This was
evident by the improvement of properties of composites
over the base metal. Reinforced Aluminum Silicon Carbide
(ASC) showed an increase in Young's modulus (E) and
hardness above the unreinforced case and marginal reduction
of electrical conductivity was recorded for the composites.
The silicon carbide of 1200gnts (3 J.lm) showed
increased Young's modulus (E) and hardness of 15 17.6 Mpa
and 26.1Hv values at 7.5% volume fraction silicon carbide;
when compared with the silicon carbide 320 grit (29 J.lm). Also; the electrical conductivity properties of the two grit
sizes of the silicon carbides were less than the base metal
for all the volume fractions of silicon carbide
HOFMANN-MARTIUS REARRANGEMENT REACTIONS CATALYSED BY ZEOLITE
N-Methylaniline was reacted over HZSM-5, H-Theta-1 and HY zeolites and was found to rearrange to give the toluidines, aniline and N,N-dimethylaniline. Percentage conversion to these products was found to be highest over HY zeolite with a higher selectivity to p-toluidine, whereas over HZSM-5 and H-Theta-1 selectivity was to N,N-dimethylaniline. The conversion to these products is in line with Hofmann-Martius and the Reilly-Hickin bottom rearrangement reactions. However the selectivity to N,N-dimethylaniline as observed over HZSM-5 and H-Theta-1 (medium pore zeolites) is ne
Temperature Distribution on the Rate of Heat Transfer around a Spur Gear Tooth
temperature distributions on a spur gear tooth. The gear tooth was subjected to temperature variations both at the top and root as
well as variations in the respective coordinate of the material particles. The developed model was further used to evaluate the rate
of heat transfer through the gear material. The result showed that the heat flux decreases with increasing values of Z which
represent the particle coordinate. However, change in Z coordinate also constitute increased random motion of the particles in the
gear causing steady degradation even at decreasing heat flux. Therefore, the study has revealed that temperature variation has negative effect on the wear mode of the gear material and at higher temperature, failure of the gear tooth would set in
Reconnaissance Study of Smectite ores of Lafarge- Ewekoro, Ogun State Nigeria for Industrial Applications
This work aimed to study the aluminosilicate ore contents at Lafarge Ogun State
environ as a means of identification of background variation of smectite in the ore-bodied
environment. Smectite clay samples (bentonite) were collected from Larfarge Ewekoro
environ, while zeolite used as a standard in this work was obtained from Petroleum
Department of Covenant University for comparism purpose. The samples were digested
with nitric acid, HNO3 and hydrochloric acid, HCl, after which the digested samples were
characterized with, ultraviolet visible (UV-VIS), scanning, absorbance; and %
transmittances. The results revealed similarity in ultraviolet visible for bentonite and
zeolite with predominance of iron in bentonite samples. The colouration of bentonite due
to the presence of transition metals in the environment under study could be of industrial
uses in the manufacture of coloured wares and tiles, and magnetic ceramic, though further
pre-application specific investigations are recommended. Also, the observed properties
favour many aspects of industrial applications such as in pharmaceuticals, refractories,
adhesives and porcelain wares. These will help in setting up small and medium-sized
enterprise in this area resulting in employment creation and revenue generation
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