9 research outputs found
Sulphur and nitrogen input-output budgets at ICP Integrated Monitoring sites in Europe in 1990-2012
Evaluation of pharyngeal airway dimensions and hyoid bone position according to craniofacial growth pattern
Analysis of the middle region of the pharynx in adolescents with different anteroposterior craniofacial skeletal patterns
Progress report on base line heavy metal approach
Vytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij
Sulphur and nitrogen input-output budgets at ICP Integrated Monitoring sites in Europe
Vytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij
Sulphur and nitrogen input-output budgets at ICP Integrated Monitoring sites
Vytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij
Relationship between critical load exceedances and empirical impact indicators at Integrated Monitoring sites across Europe
Critical loads for acidification and eutrophication and their exceedances were determined for a selection
of ecosystem effects monitoring sites in the Integrated Monitoring programme (UNECE ICP IM). The level
of protection of these sites with respect to acidifying and eutrophying deposition was estimated for
2000 and 2020. In 2020 more sites were protected from acidification (67%) than in 2000 (61%). However,
due to the sensitivity of the sites, even the maximum technically feasible emission reductions scenario
would not protect all sites from acidification. In 2000, around 20% of the IM sites were protected from
eutrophication. In 2020, under reductions in accordance with current legislation, about one third of the
sites would be protected, and at best, with the maximum technically feasible reductions, half of the sites
would be protected from eutrophication. Data from intensively monitored sites, such as those in ICP
IM, provide a connection between modelled critical thresholds and empirical observations, and thus an
indication of the applicability of critical load estimates for natural ecosystems. Across the sites, there
was good correlation between the exceedance of critical loads for acidification and key acidification
parameters in runoff water, both with annual mean fluxes and concentrations. There was also evidence
of a link between exceedances of critical loads of nutrient nitrogen and nitrogen leaching. The collected
empirical data of the ICP IM thus allow testing and validation of key concepts used in the critical load
calculations. This increases confidence in the European-scale critical loads mapping used in integrated
assessment modelling to support emission reduction agreements