Pilomatrix carcinoma of the lacrimal caruncle: a case report.

A 45-year-old man presented with a 3-month history of a mass located in the caruncle of his right eye. An incisional biopsy had been performed one month prior by another specialist, and the histopathology report showed basal cell carcinoma. The mass was completely excised with a 2 mm safety margin, and the large conjunctival defect was reconstructed with one sheet of amniotic membrane allograft. A histological diagnosis of pilomatrix carcinoma was established. To prevent recurrence after surgery, we added bevacizumab (25 mg/mL, 1.25 mg/mL per drop) eye drops four times per day for three months. At the one-year follow-up, the patient showed no evidence of local recurrence or distant metastasis after initial excision and remains under close follow-up. Pilomatrix carcinoma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a caruncular mass

Investigation of Flow Losses Through Discharge Line of Household Type Refrigerator Compressors

Nowadays, increasing the efficiency of white goods and small house appliances has become necessity as a result of the technological developments, competition and energy policies. As a basic component of the cooling system, compressor is the most fundamental element for determining the performance and efficiency of the system. In hermetic compressors for household refrigerators, one of the major factors of total compressor efficiency is the discharge line flow efficiency. In this paper, the effects of some of the structural changes to flow losses at discharge line of a hermetic reciprocating compressor were investigated experimentally. For this study, 3 different conceptual designs were created based on the discharge line design parameters such as line diameter, resonator volumes and line length. By performing precise pressure measurements and calorimeter tests, performance and pressure drop rates of conceptual designs were compared against the base model and each other of the conceptual design compressors. The result of the experimental studies helps to identify the effect of the discharge line design parameters to the system performance

Low computational complexity mode division multiplexed OFDM transmission over 130 km of few mode fiber

We demonstrate 337.5-Gb/s MDM-8QAM-OFDM transmission over 130 km of FMF. This confirms that OFDM can significantly reduce the required DSP complexity to compensate for differential mode delay, a key step towards real-time MDM transmission

Stabilization of self-coherent OFDM with injection locked laser

With the rebirth of coherent detection, various algorithms have come forth to alleviate phase noise, one of the main impairments for coherent receivers. These algorithms provide stable compensation, however they limit the DSP. With this key issue in mind, Fabry Perot filter based self coherent optical OFDM was analyzed which does not require phase noise compensation reducing the complexity in DSP at low OSNR. However, the performance of such a receiver is limited due to ASE noise at the carrier wavelength, especially since an optical amplifier is typically employed with the filter to ensure sufficient carrier power. Subsequently, the use of an injection-locked laser (ILL) to retrieve the frequency and phase information from the extracted carrier without the use of an amplifier was recently proposed. In ILL based system, an optical carrier is sent along with the OFDM signal in the transmitter. At the receiver, the carrier is extracted from the OFDM signal using a Fabry-Perot tunable filter and an ILL is used to significantly amplify the carrier and reduce intensity and phase noise. In contrast to CO-OFDM, such a system supports low-cost broad linewidth lasers and benefits with lower complexity in the DSP as no carrier frequency estimation and correction along with phase noise compensation is required

Modulation of the Blood-Brain Barrier by Sigma-1R Activation

Sigma non-opioid intracellular receptor 1 (Sigma-1R) is an intracellular chaperone protein residing on the endoplasmic reticulum at the mitochondrial-associated membrane (MAM) region. Sigma-1R is abundant in the brain and is involved in several physiological processes as well as in various disease states. The role of Sigma-1R at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is incompletely characterized. In this study, the effect of Sigma-1R activation was investigated in vitro on rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (RBMVEC), an important component of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and in vivo on BBB permeability in rats. The Sigma-1R agonist PRE-084 produced a dose-dependent increase in mitochondrial calcium, and mitochondrial and cytosolic reactive oxygen species (ROS) in RBMVEC. PRE-084 decreased the electrical resistance of the RBMVEC monolayer, measured with the electric cell-substrate impedance sensing (ECIS) method, indicating barrier disruption. These effects were reduced by pretreatment with Sigma-1R antagonists, BD 1047 and NE 100. In vivo assessment of BBB permeability in rats indicates that PRE-084 produced a dose-dependent increase in brain extravasation of Evans Blue and sodium fluorescein brain; the effect was reduced by the Sigma-1R antagonists. Immunocytochemistry studies indicate that PRE-084 produced a disruption of tight and adherens junctions and actin cytoskeleton. The brain microcirculation was directly visualized in vivo in the prefrontal cortex of awake rats with a miniature integrated fluorescence microscope (aka, miniscope; Doric Lenses Inc.). Miniscope studies indicate that PRE-084 increased sodium fluorescein extravasation in vivo. Taken together, these results indicate that Sigma-1R activation promoted oxidative stress and increased BBB permeability

Human fascioliasis

ABSTRACTFasciola hepatica, a zoonotic liver fluke, can also cause disease in humans. Common symptoms are epigastric pain, upper abdominal pain and malaise. Fever and arthralgia are common in acute fascioliasis. Eosinophilia is the predominant laboratory finding, especially in patients with the acute form of the disease. Diagnosis and treatment is not easy, as physicians rarely encounter this disease, and effective drugs are not available in many countries. Human fascioliasis may be underestimated. Patients with eosinophilia and abdominal pain should be evaluated for F. hepatica infestation by parasitological, radiological and serological tests

Precipitation of radiation belt electrons by magnetospherically reflected whistlers

We use a test particle simulation model based on gyro-averaged equations of motion to study the influence of oblique magnetospherically reflected (MR) whistlers on the near-loss-cone distribution function of radiation belt electrons. We find that MR whistlers originating in lightning can resonantly interact with radiation belt electrons over a broad range of L shells and precipitate higher energy electrons from lower L Shells. Electrons in the energy-range of 1 to 2.6 MeV are precipitated from L = 2, whereas from L = 4 the precipitated electron energy range is 150-220 keV. The precipitated differential electron flux, due to this interaction, is higher for higher L shells, and the maximum value ranges from Phi E-prec(1.11 MeV) 5.2 x 10(-4) electrons cm(-2) s(-1) keV(-1) at L = 2 to Phi E-prec(173 keV) = 4.6 x 10(-1) electrons cm(-2) s(-1) keV(-1) at L = 4. The lifetimes of radiation belt electrons in a given magnetic flux tube around the L shell on which the interaction takes place are found to be of the order of several days, comparable to lifetimes corresponding to electron loss induced by hiss, which was heretofore assumed to be the dominant loss mechanism [Lyons et al., 1972]. The minimum electron lifetimes vary from 2.4 days for 1.11 MeV electrons at L = 2 to 4.6 days for 173 keV electrons at L = 4

ALONE: A Dataset for Toxic Behavior among Adolescents on Twitter

The convenience of social media has also enabled its misuse, potentially resulting in toxic behavior. Nearly 66% of internet users have observed online harassment, and 41% claim personal experience, with 18% facing severe forms of online harassment. This toxic communication has a significant impact on the well-being of young individuals, affecting mental health and, in some cases, resulting in suicide. These communications exhibit complex linguistic and contextual characteristics, making recognition of such narratives challenging. In this paper, we provide a multimodal dataset of toxic social media interactions between confirmed high school students, called ALONE (AdoLescents ON twittEr), along with descriptive explanation. Each instance of interaction includes tweets, images, emoji and related metadata. Our observations show that individual tweets do not provide sufficient evidence for toxic behavior, and meaningful use of context in interactions can enable highlighting or exonerating tweets with purported toxicity