スポーツ センシュ イクセイ ト ソノ エンジョ タイセイ ニ カンスル チョウサ ケンキュウ : コクタイ センシュ ノ スポーツ キャリア ノ トクチョウ ト エンジョシャ ノ カンケイ

Relation between athletes and their supporters have been studied to improve management method for continuing sport career. Sport career pattern of athletes participating in the 1992 National Athletic Meet (Yamagata) form Tokushima prefecture is classified into continuing type and transfer one. Of 211 athletes examined，103 athletes (51.2%) are continuing participants in Japanese major school sports such as baseball，soccer，track and field. volleyball，and so (continuing type). They started their sport career at stage of elementary school. Other athletes (48.8%) are transfer participants in minor school sports such as hockey，wrestling，kyudo，and 50 (transfer type). Most of them transferred from major school sports to minor ones during stage of senior high school. In both types，instructor/coach is most important factor in continuing sport career among supporters for athletes，es pecially during stages of junior and senior high schools. Parent(s)/family is also important for preadolescent athletes and friend/colleague for adolescent ones. Therefore，besides roles of instructor/coach，the management method for continuing sport career should be improved in consideration on roles of other supporters

Single-beam spectrally encoded color imaging.

We have developed, to the best of our knowledge, a new method of conducting spectrally encoded color imaging using a single light beam. In our method, a single broadband light beam was incident on a diffraction grating, where the overlapped third order of the red, fourth order of the green, and fifth order of the blue spectral bands were focused on a line illuminating tissue. This configuration enabled each point on the line to be illuminated by three distinctive wavelengths, corresponding to red, green, and blue. A custom grating was designed and fabricated to achieve high diffraction efficiencies for the wavelengths and diffraction orders used for color spectrally encoded imaging. A bench system was built to test the new spectrally encoded color imaging method. For a beam diameter of 174 μm, the bench system achieved 89,000 effective pixels over a 70° circular field. Spectrally encoded color images of excised swine tissue revealed blood vessels with a similar color appearance to those obtained via a conventional color camera. The results suggest that this single-beam spectrally encoded color method is feasible and can potentially simplify color spectrally encoded endoscopy probe designs.Canon USA12 month embargo; published online: 3 May 18This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]

Positive magnetic susceptibility in polygonal nanotube tori

publishe

High-Resolution, Wide-Field, Forward-Viewing Spectrally Encoded Endoscope

Background and Objective Spectrally encoded endoscopy (SEE) is an optical imaging technology that uses spatial wavelength multiplexing to conduct endoscopy in miniature, small diameter probes. Contrary to the previous side-viewing SEE devices, forward-viewing SEE probes are advantageous as they provide a look ahead that facilitates navigation and surveillance. The objective of this work was to develop a miniature forward-viewing SEE probe with a wide field of view and a high spatial resolution. Materials and Methods We designed and developed a forward-viewing SEE device with an overall total diameter of 1.27 mm, which consists of a monolithic illumination probe with a length of 3.87 mm and a diameter of 500 mu m, 8 multimode detection fibers that were polished at a 17 degrees angle, a rotational scanning mechanism, and a sheath. The SEE device was evaluated using a USAF resolution target and was used for preclinical imaging of a swine joint ex vivo. Results This design resulted in a high resolution probe (best spatial resolution of 20.3 mu m), a wide total angular field of view of 100 degrees, and an effective number of imaging elements of ~344,000 pixels. The SEE probe performance was compared to a commercial color chip-on-the-tip endoscope; while monochrome, results showed better spatial resolution and a wider field of view for the SEE device. Conclusion These results demonstrate the potential of this forward-viewing SEE probe for visualization and navigation in medical imaging applications. Lasers Surg. Med. (c) 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Canon U.S.A, Inc.12 month embargo; published online: 26 May 2019This item from the UA Faculty Publications collection is made available by the University of Arizona with support from the University of Arizona Libraries. If you have questions, please contact us at [email protected]

Development of a 1.67 μｍ Wavelength Light Source for the Methane Gas Lidar System

The remote sensing of methane gas (CH_4) in the atmosphere is important for the safety in industry, or gas pipeline. Sensitive CH4 monitoring can be accomplished by using DIAL (Dlfferential Absorption Lidar) technique. In this method, high power 1.67 pm light source can be used. In this paper, the OPO (Optical Parametric Oscillator) or OPA (Optical Parametric Amplifier) as a light source required for the 1.67 pm output are developed. The advantages of the system and the present status are discussed

Human Monoclonal Antibodies Broadly Neutralizing against Influenza B Virus

<div><p>Influenza virus has the ability to evade host immune surveillance through rapid viral genetic drift and reassortment; therefore, it remains a continuous public health threat. The development of vaccines producing broadly reactive antibodies, as well as therapeutic strategies using human neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (HuMAbs) with global reactivity, has been gathering great interest recently. Here, three hybridoma clones producing HuMAbs against influenza B virus, designated 5A7, 3A2 and 10C4, were prepared using peripheral lymphocytes from vaccinated volunteers, and were investigated for broad cross-reactive neutralizing activity. Of these HuMAbs, 3A2 and 10C4, which recognize the readily mutable 190-helix region near the receptor binding site in the hemagglutinin (HA) protein, react only with the Yamagata lineage of influenza B virus. By contrast, HuMAb 5A7 broadly neutralizes influenza B strains that were isolated from 1985 to 2006, belonging to both Yamagata and Victoria lineages. Epitope mapping revealed that 5A7 recognizes 316G, 318C and 321W near the C terminal of HA1, a highly conserved region in influenza B virus. Indeed, no mutations in the amino acid residues of the epitope region were induced, even after the virus was passaged ten times in the presence of HuMAb 5A7. Moreover, 5A7 showed significant therapeutic efficacy in mice, even when it was administered 72 hours post-infection. These results indicate that 5A7 is a promising candidate for developing therapeutics, and provide insight for the development of a universal vaccine against influenza B virus.</p> </div

Therapeutic efficacy of 5A7 in mice.

<p>(A) Mice were treated intraperitoneally with HuMAb 5A7 at 1 (red line), 5 (blue), 10 (green), or 15 (orange) mg/kg or with control IgG at 10 mg/kg (black) 4 hours after intranasal injection of a lethal dose (1.47×10³ MLD₅₀/mouse) of mouse-adapted B/Ibaraki/2/1985. Survival and body weight were checked daily. Each group consists of five mice. Body weight is shown as the mean ± SEM of five mice. (B) Mice were treated with 5A7 (+) or control IgG (D23-1B3B9; −) at 10 mg/kg 4 hours post-infection with 1.47×10³ MLD₅₀/mouse of mouse-adapted B/Ibaraki/2/1985 (left panel) or 5.0×10³ FFU/mouse of B/Florida/4/2006 passaged eight times in mouse lung (right panel). The titers in lungs were calculated at day 3 and day 6 post-infection. Each group consists of five mice (except control IgG-treated group with mouse-adapted B/Ibaraki/2/1985 at day 6, which consists of four mice as one accidentally died before the lung could be collected). Black bars are mean values. **: <i>P</i><0.01 compared to control IgG-treated group. (C) Two independent experiments were similarly performed (Left two panels). Mice were given 10 mg/kg HuMAb 5A7 at 4 (red line), 24 (blue), 48 (green) or 72 (orange) hours post-infection with mouse-adapted B/Ibaraki/2/1985 (1.47×10³ MLD₅₀/mouse). Right panel shows 10 mg/kg control IgG-treated group at 4, 24, 48 or 72 hours post-infection. Survival and body weight were checked daily. Each group consists of five mice per experiment. Body weight is shown as the mean ± SEM of five mice.</p

Reactivity of three HuMAbs.

<p><i>In vitro</i> VN assay was performed with HuMAbs 5A7 (red), 3A2 (blue),10C4 (green) and control IgG (D23-1B3B9; black). HuMAbs (100 µg/ml) were serially four-fold diluted. The percentage of neutralization was estimated as the viral infectivity under HuMAb-treated conditions compared with that without HuMAb. Upper panels are Yamagata lineage viruses and lower panels are Victoria lineage viruses.</p