7 research outputs found
Remogliflozin Etabonate, in a Novel Category of Selective Low-Affinity Sodium Glucose Cotransporter (SGLT2) Inhibitors, Exhibits Antidiabetic Efficacy in Rodent Models
SLIPPING BEHAVIOR OF BASE SHEAR CAPPING BUILDINGS FOR COLLAPSE PREVENTION AND REQUIRED MAXIMUM STRENGTH
Infectious Diseases in the Global Era-from Travel Medicine to Countermeasures against Emerging Infectious Diseases
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PAI-1 in granulosa cells is suppressed directly by statin and indirectly by suppressing TGF-β and TNF-α in mononuclear cells by insulin-sensitizing drugs.
ProblemPlasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is elevated in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but the regulation in granulosa cells (GCs) is unclear.Method of studyPAI-1 expression in PCOS ovaries was investigated immunohistologically. PAI-1 expressions in HGrC1, a human GC cell line, were investigated at mRNA and activity levels. The expressions of TGF-β and TNF-α in peritoneal fluid mononuclear cells (PFMCs) were measured with quantitative PCR.ResultsLittle PAI-1 expression is observed in healthy GCs, whereas GCs of PCOS and atretic follicle exhibit distinct expression in vivo. In vitro study using HGrC1 shows that TGF-β and TNF-α increase PAI-1 mRNA and its activity, and both together exhibit a synergistic effect. The expression of PAI-1 mRNA is suppressed by simvastatin. Moreover, insulin-sensitizing drugs (metformin, pioglitazone, and rosiglitazone) suppress LPS-induced TGF-β and TNF-α mRNA expression in PFMC.ConclusionStatin and insulin-sensitizing drugs may provide a potential therapy for PCOS via down-regulation of PAI-1 expression in GCs and down-regulation of TGF-β and TNF-α expression in PFMC, respectively
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PAI-1 in granulosa cells is suppressed directly by statin and indirectly by suppressing TGF-β and TNF-α in mononuclear cells by insulin-sensitizing drugs.
Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is elevated in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), but the regulation in granulosa cells (GCs) is unclear. PAI-1 expression in PCOS ovaries was investigated immunohistologically. PAI-1 expressions in HGrC1, a human GC cell line, were investigated at mRNA and activity levels. The expressions of TGF-β and TNF-α in peritoneal fluid mononuclear cells (PFMCs) were measured with quantitative PCR. Little PAI-1 expression is observed in healthy GCs, whereas GCs of PCOS and atretic follicle exhibit distinct expression in vivo. In vitro study using HGrC1 shows that TGF-β and TNF-α increase PAI-1 mRNA and its activity, and both together exhibit a synergistic effect. The expression of PAI-1 mRNA is suppressed by simvastatin. Moreover, insulin-sensitizing drugs (metformin, pioglitazone, and rosiglitazone) suppress LPS-induced TGF-β and TNF-α mRNA expression in PFMC. Statin and insulin-sensitizing drugs may provide a potential therapy for PCOS via down-regulation of PAI-1 expression in GCs and down-regulation of TGF-β and TNF-α expression in PFMC, respectively