Two-Dimensional Band Dispersion of Ultra-Flat Hexagonal Bismuthene Grown on Ag(111) Bulk and Quantum-Well Films

Two-dimensional band dispersion of (2$\times$2) superstructure with Bi grown on Ag(111), which has been urged as an ultraflat hexagonal bismuthene, is investigated using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). The (2$\times$2)-Bi superstructure can be grown on the Ag(111) surface at low temperatures; it transforms into a surface alloy with a ($\sqrt{3}\times\sqrt{3}$) superstructure at 300 K. ARPES measurements reveal the consistency with the band structure of ultraflat bismuthene in previous reports. The band structure of (2$\times$2)-Bi surface remains unchanged with decreasing Ag layer thickness, indicating the limited penetration of Bi p-orbitals into the Ag layer.Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure

Timolol activates the enzyme activities of human carbonic anhydrase I and II.

Timolol, a beta-blocker, has been shown to be an effective ocular hypotensive agent when used alone or with carbonic anhydrase inhibitor on ocular hypertensive or open angle glaucoma patients. The effect of timolol hemihydrate on the CO(2) hydration activities of human carbonic anhydrase (HCA) I and II and their reaction mechanisms were investigated. Timolol activates the enzyme activities of HCA I and HCA II. In HCA I and II, the enzyme kinetic results clearly showed that timolol increases the value of V(max) but does not influence the value of K(m). The enzyme kinetic method showed that timolol noncompetitively activates HCA I and II activities through the formation of a ternary complex consisting of the enzyme, the substrate, and timolol. These results indicate that timolol binds apart from the narrow cavity of the active site. AutoDocking results showed that timolol binds at the entrance of the active site cavity in a region where the proton shuttle residue, His 64, of HCA I or II, is placed. The enzyme kinetic and AutoDocking results showed that timolol might weakly bind near the proton shuttle residue, His 64, to accelerate the proton transfer rate from His 64 to the buffer components. It is known that efficient activators of carbonic anhydrase possess a bulky aromatic/heterocyclic moiety and a primary/secondary amino group in their molecular structure. Timolol has a heterocyclic moiety and a secondary amino group, which are typical structures in efficient activators of carbonic anhydrase.Timolol, a beta-blocker, has been shown to be an effective ocular hypotensive agent when used alone or with carbonic anhydrase inhibitor on ocular hypertensive or open angle glaucoma patients. The effect of timolol hemihydrate on the CO(2) hydration activities of human carbonic anhydrase (HCA) I and II and their reaction mechanisms were investigated. Timolol activates the enzyme activities of HCA I and HCA II. In HCA I and II, the enzyme kinetic results clearly showed that timolol increases the value of V(max) but does not influence the value of K(m). The enzyme kinetic method showed that timolol noncompetitively activates HCA I and II activities through the formation of a ternary complex consisting of the enzyme, the substrate, and timolol. These results indicate that timolol binds apart from the narrow cavity of the active site. AutoDocking results showed that timolol binds at the entrance of the active site cavity in a region where the proton shuttle residue, His 64, of HCA I or II, is placed. The enzyme kinetic and AutoDocking results showed that timolol might weakly bind near the proton shuttle residue, His 64, to accelerate the proton transfer rate from His 64 to the buffer components. It is known that efficient activators of carbonic anhydrase possess a bulky aromatic/heterocyclic moiety and a primary/secondary amino group in their molecular structure. Timolol has a heterocyclic moiety and a secondary amino group, which are typical structures in efficient activators of carbonic anhydrase

Study on non-contacting diagnostic method of PEFC performance using magnetic sensors (Approach using sparse modeling)

This study aims to locate defects in polymer electrolyte fuel cells (PEFCs) caused by electrolyte breakage, electrical contact failure, contamination of electrical insulators, or the like in an easy and instantaneous manner by a noninvasive method. Specifically, the density of the magnetic flux generated around the PEFC during power generation is measured, and then value of the electric current in the electrodes of the PEFC is estimated from the magnetic flux density through inverse problem analysis using sparse modeling. Since the estimated current values are affected by the variables used in the inverse problem analysis, the procedure for determining the variables was first discussed using a simulated fuel cell that imitated the current flow inside the fuel cell. Then, the authors tried to detect a defect of 10 mm x 10 mm inside the fuel cell containing one layer of MEA (Membrane Electrode Assembly) with electrode area of 50 mm x 50 mm according to the above determination procedure. Each estimated current at the three characteristic defect locations was 0.00 A, and the estimated current values at other locations were higher than 0.08 A. From this current distribution, the location of the defect was able to be clearly identified. Particularly, it became possible to detect defects at the central part of the electrode, which was impossible with the Tikhonov regularization method

Additional file 2 of Histopathologically TMA-like distribution of multiple organ thromboses following the initial dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine (Comirnaty, Pfizer/BioNTech): an autopsy case report

Supplementary Material 2: Vacuolation and anti-C4d-positive cardiomyocytes.tif. a: Vacuolation of the cardiomyocytes. b: anti-C4d immunohistochemistry-positive cardiomyocytes. The positivity is compatible with the vacuolatio

Additional file 1 of Histopathologically TMA-like distribution of multiple organ thromboses following the initial dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine (Comirnaty, Pfizer/BioNTech): an autopsy case report

Supplementary Material 1: Macroscopic haemorrhage of the spleen and oesophagus.tif. a: macroscopic haemorrhage on the surface of the spleen. b: macroscopic haemorrhage on the mucosal surface of the oesophagu

Additional file 3 of Histopathologically TMA-like distribution of multiple organ thromboses following the initial dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine (Comirnaty, Pfizer/BioNTech): an autopsy case report

Supplementary Material 3: Ultrastructural analysis of microthrombi in the heart.tif. a to d: Microthrombi scanned by transmission electron microscopy. The nuclei of vascular endothelial cells and red blood cells are visible, and platelets and fibrin are found as the boundary indistinct area around the red blood cells with low electron density. The degree of occlusion varies; however, almost all thrombi are non-occlusive. The yellow arrowheads indicate the nuclei of the endothelium, the arrows indicate platelets, the stars indicate fibrin, and the red arrowheads indicate the erythrocyte