笹多糖類の制癌作用

As a part of the studies on unknown nature of food materials and their use Murakami and Yamafuji (1967) demonstrated an anticancer effect of lignin prepared from bamboo leaves. We have now prepared a polysaccharide and examined its antitumor action. We first established a new procedure for preparation of polysaccharide; alkaline extraction of bamboo leaves was acidified and the supernatant was appropriately treated with ethanol. The sediment was dissolved in water and dialyzed. Light yellow amorphous substance was finally obtained from the dialysate after some treatments. The material was tested for its antitumor effect to solid form of Sarcoma 180. On the 3rd day after tumor transplantation, 0.2 ml of 2% aqueous solution of the material was injected to each of ten test mice (=4 mg/mouse), subcutenously at axilla where the tumor had been transplanted. The control mice were treated with Ringer's solution. Both groups of the animals were treated once every other day and the treatment was continued for 4 weeks. On the 30th day, the tumor were excised, weighed and compared with those of the control mice. In this way the polysaccharide was found to have a notable antitumor effect to Sarcoma 180. Analyses showed that the polysaccharide contains no nitrogen. It consisted of 83% pentose and 15% aldohexose. Neither ketohexose nor uronic acid were tested. The preparation contained 3.5% lignin which may not participate in its antitumor activity. By paper chromatographic methods, xylose, arabinose and galactose were detected as sugar components.食糧品の未知な特性とその利用に関する研究の一環として笹葉から制癌性を有する多糖類を分離した.この物質は笹葉のアルカリ抽出液中の酸性で沈澱しない画分に存在し減圧濃縮およびエタノール添加を主な手段として調製された.この物質は窒素を全く含有していなかつた.糖含量は95%に達しペントースが83%,アルドヘキソースが15%合まれており,ケトヘキソース,ウロン酸は含まれていなかつた.リグニンが含有されていたが,その含量は3.5%で,制癌作用の本体をなすものではないと考えられた.ペーパークロマトグラフイの結果からペントースとしてキシロース,アラビノースおよびアルドヘキソースとしてガラクトースが確認された

Antitumor activity of xylan and its reaction with deoxyribonucleic acid

As one approach to explore unknown nature and utilization of food materials, the authors previously reported on an acid-soluble polysaccharide prepared from alkaline extraction of bamboo leaves, which showed noted suppression on mouse tumor growth. Another polysaccharide which manifested antitumor effect was now prepared from commercial \u22xylan\u22 extracted from bran with alkali. It remarkably inhibited the growth of Sarcoma 180 in mice tumor. As the polysaccharide consisted of 90% xylose and 10% arabinose, it seems reasonable to name this arabinoxylan. To elucidate the mechanism of anticancer action, reactivity of arabinoxylan with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), was examined. DNA was co-precipitated with this xylan by ethanol. On the other hand, the arabinoxylan prevented the precipitation of DNA by perchloric acid. These results suggest that a kind of complex would be formed between DNA and arabinoxylan in the solution.制癌作用を有する多糖類を含有する笹葉アルカリ抽出液に代る安定かつ均一な材料を求め,市販キシランから制癌作用をもつ多糖類を抽出した.市販キシランをアルカリ処理して得られるこの多糖類は構成糖としてキシロース90%,アラビノース10%を含み,アラビノキシランと呼ぶのが適当であると考えられる.このアラビノキシランはマウス結節腫瘍ザルコース180に対し60%前後の抑制作用を示した.この作用機作についての知見を得るために,まずDNAとの反応に関して.試験を行なつた.その結果,単鎖DNAがそれ単独では沈澱しないようなアルコール濃度でもアラビノキシランの共存により沈澱してくること,その沈澱量は共存するアラビノキシランの量に依存することを認めた.またDNAが沈澱するような過塩素酸濃度でもアラビノキシランの共存によつてある部分のDNAが酸可溶画分に来るという事実が知られた.従つて,先のアルコールによる沈澱の場合と同様,DNAがアラビノキシランと挙動を共にし,その量が共存するアラビノキシランの量に依存するということからDNAとアラビノキシランとの複合体が形成されたと推定した

Antitumor activity of bamboo-leaf polysaccharide

As a part of the studies on unknown nature of food materials and their use Murakami and Yamafuji (1967) demonstrated an anticancer effect of lignin prepared from bamboo leaves. We have now prepared a polysaccharide and examined its antitumor action. We first established a new procedure for preparation of polysaccharide; alkaline extraction of bamboo leaves was acidified and the supernatant was appropriately treated with ethanol. The sediment was dissolved in water and dialyzed. Light yellow amorphous substance was finally obtained from the dialysate after some treatments. The material was tested for its antitumor effect to solid form of Sarcoma 180. On the 3rd day after tumor transplantation, 0.2 ml of 2% aqueous solution of the material was injected to each of ten test mice (=4 mg/mouse), subcutenously at axilla where the tumor had been transplanted. The control mice were treated with Ringer\u27s solution. Both groups of the animals were treated once every other day and the treatment was continued for 4 weeks. On the 30th day, the tumor were excised, weighed and compared with those of the control mice. In this way the polysaccharide was found to have a notable antitumor effect to Sarcoma 180. Analyses showed that the polysaccharide contains no nitrogen. It consisted of 83% pentose and 15% aldohexose. Neither ketohexose nor uronic acid were tested. The preparation contained 3.5% lignin which may not participate in its antitumor activity. By paper chromatographic methods, xylose, arabinose and galactose were detected as sugar components.食糧品の未知な特性とその利用に関する研究の一環として笹葉から制癌性を有する多糖類を分離した.この物質は笹葉のアルカリ抽出液中の酸性で沈澱しない画分に存在し減圧濃縮およびエタノール添加を主な手段として調製された.この物質は窒素を全く含有していなかつた.糖含量は95%に達しペントースが83%,アルドヘキソースが15%合まれており,ケトヘキソース,ウロン酸は含まれていなかつた.リグニンが含有されていたが,その含量は3.5%で,制癌作用の本体をなすものではないと考えられた.ペーパークロマトグラフイの結果からペントースとしてキシロース,アラビノースおよびアルドヘキソースとしてガラクトースが確認された

キシランの制癌作用とデオキシリボ核酸に対する反応

As one approach to explore unknown nature and utilization of food materials, the authors previously reported on an acid-soluble polysaccharide prepared from alkaline extraction of bamboo leaves, which showed noted suppression on mouse tumor growth. Another polysaccharide which manifested antitumor effect was now prepared from commercial "xylan" extracted from bran with alkali. It remarkably inhibited the growth of Sarcoma 180 in mice tumor. As the polysaccharide consisted of 90% xylose and 10% arabinose, it seems reasonable to name this arabinoxylan. To elucidate the mechanism of anticancer action, reactivity of arabinoxylan with deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), was examined. DNA was co-precipitated with this xylan by ethanol. On the other hand, the arabinoxylan prevented the precipitation of DNA by perchloric acid. These results suggest that a kind of complex would be formed between DNA and arabinoxylan in the solution.制癌作用を有する多糖類を含有する笹葉アルカリ抽出液に代る安定かつ均一な材料を求め,市販キシランから制癌作用をもつ多糖類を抽出した.市販キシランをアルカリ処理して得られるこの多糖類は構成糖としてキシロース90%,アラビノース10%を含み,アラビノキシランと呼ぶのが適当であると考えられる.このアラビノキシランはマウス結節腫瘍ザルコース180に対し60%前後の抑制作用を示した.この作用機作についての知見を得るために,まずDNAとの反応に関して.試験を行なつた.その結果,単鎖DNAがそれ単独では沈澱しないようなアルコール濃度でもアラビノキシランの共存により沈澱してくること,その沈澱量は共存するアラビノキシランの量に依存することを認めた.またDNAが沈澱するような過塩素酸濃度でもアラビノキシランの共存によつてある部分のDNAが酸可溶画分に来るという事実が知られた.従つて,先のアルコールによる沈澱の場合と同様,DNAがアラビノキシランと挙動を共にし,その量が共存するアラビノキシランの量に依存するということからDNAとアラビノキシランとの複合体が形成されたと推定した