7 research outputs found
P-120: Low Voltage FLC for Fast Active Matrix Displays
The process of FLC director reorientation in alternating electric field is
considered for the case when interaction of FLC molecules with the substrates results in
partial unwinding the helix structure and motion of domain walls. The hysteresis-free
electrooptical response as fast as 50…70 μs was achieved in the FLC cell of 1.3-μm
thickness in the electric field 1 V/μm. This result is very important for the practical use of
FLC in fast active matrix displays
In-plane Switching Deformed Helix Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal Display Cells
In-plane electro-optical switching (IPS) is a natural feature of a conventional planar-aligned display cell based on the deformed helix ferroelectric liquid crystal effect (DHFLC-effect) with a sub-wavelength helix pitch, if the tilt angle is close to 40 degrees
Well-Known Mediators of Selective Oxidation with Unknown Electronic Structure: Metal-Free Generation and EPR Study of Imide‑<i>N</i>‑oxyl Radicals
Nitroxyl radicals are widely used
in chemistry, materials sciences,
and biology. Imide-<i>N</i>-oxyl radicals are subclass of
unique nitroxyl radicals that proved to be useful catalysts and mediators
of selective oxidation and CH-functionalization. An efficient metal-free
method was developed for the generation of imide-<i>N</i>-oxyl radicals from <i>N</i>-hydroxyimides at room temperature
by the reaction with (diacetoxyiodo)benzene. The method allows for
the production of high concentrations of free radicals and provides
high resolution of their EPR spectra exhibiting the superhyperfine
structure from benzene ring protons distant from the radical center.
An analysis of the spectra shows that, regardless of the electronic
effects of the substituents in the benzene ring, the superhyperfine
coupling constant of an unpaired electron with the distant protons
at positions 4 and 5 of the aromatic system is substantially greater
than that with the protons at positions 3 and 6 that are closer to
the <i>N</i>-oxyl radical center. This is indicative of
an unusual character of the spin density distribution of the unpaired
electron in substituted phthalimide-<i>N</i>-oxyl radicals.
Understanding of the nature of the electron density distribution in
imide-<i>N</i>-oxyl radicals may be useful for the development
of commercial mediators of oxidation based on <i>N</i>-hydroxyimides