Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a Carrier for a Cell-Mediated Drug Delivery

A number of preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated the efficiency of mesenchymal stromal cells to serve as an excellent base for a cell-mediated drug delivery system. Cell-based targeted drug delivery has received much attention as a system to facilitate the uptake a nd transfer of active substances to specific organs and tissues with high efficiency. Human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are attracting increased interest as a promising tool for cell-based therapy due to their high proliferative capacity, multi-potency, and anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. In particular, these cells are potentially suitable for use as encapsulated drug transporters to sites of inflammation. Here, we studied the in vitro effects of incorporating synthetic polymer microcapsules at various microcapsule-to-cell ratios on the morphology, ultrastructure, cytokine profile, and migration ability of human adipose-derived MSCs at various time points post-phagocytosis. The data show that under appropriate conditions, human MSCs can be efficiently loaded with synthesized microcapsules without damaging the cell’s structural integrity with unexpressed cytokine secretion, retained motility, and ability to migrate through 8 ?m pores. Thus, the strategy of using human MSCs as a delivery vehicle for transferring microcapsules, containing bioactive material, across the tissue–blood or tumor–blood barriers to facilitate the treatment of stroke, cancer, or inflammatory diseases may open a new therapeutic perspective

Nanoscale Electrical Potential and Roughness of a Calcium Phosphate Surface Promotes the Osteogenic Phenotype of Stromal Cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and osteoblasts respond to the surface electrical charge and topography of biomaterials. This work focuses on the connection between the roughness of calcium phosphate (CP) surfaces and their electrical potential (EP) at the micro- and nanoscales and the possible role of these parameters in jointly affecting human MSC osteogenic differentiation and maturation in vitro. A microarc CP coating was deposited on titanium substrates and characterized at the micro- and nanoscale. Human adult adipose-derived MSCs (hAMSCs) or prenatal stromal cells from the human lung (HLPSCs) were cultured on the CP surface to estimate MSC behavior. The roughness, nonuniform charge polarity, and EP of CP microarc coatings on a titanium substrate were shown to affect the osteogenic differentiation and maturation of hAMSCs and HLPSCs in vitro. The surface EP induced by the negative charge increased with increasing surface roughness at the microscale. The surface relief at the nanoscale had an impact on the sign of the EP. Negative electrical charges were mainly located within the micro- and nanosockets of the coating surface, whereas positive charges were detected predominantly at the nanorelief peaks. HLPSCs located in the sockets of the CP surface expressed the osteoblastic markers osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase. The CP multilevel topography induced charge polarity and an EP and overall promoted the osteoblast phenotype of HLPSCs. The negative sign of the EP and its magnitude at the micro- and nanosockets might be sensitive factors that can trigger osteoblastic differentiation and maturation of human stromal cells

The Items of Cell Technology and Tissue Bioengineering (Review)

Клеточные технологии, технологии биоинженерии, нанотехнологии и наноматериалы, технологии создания биосовместимых материалов входят в перечень критических технологий развития науки в Российской Федерации. Тем не менее, многие вопросы, освещенные в обзоре, до сих пор не нашли своего фундаментального и прикладного решения. В условиях бурного развития материально-технической базы данных направлений остро встает проблема подготовки квалифицированных научно-педагогических кадров, способных воспринимать и применять междисциплинарные знания. В определенной степени представленный материал способствует решению этой трудной задачи.Cell technology, bioengineering technology, nanotechnology and nanomaterials, technology of biocompatible materials designing are contained in a list of critical technologies of science development in Russian Federation. Nevertheless, a lot of questions described in review didn’t still hit on their basic and applied solution. Under conditions of rapid development of infrastructure of these directions there is a problem of training of competent personnel are capable to adopt and to employ multidisciplinary know-how. To some extent the material presented is contributing to solving this difficult goal

The Items of Cell Technology and Tissue Bioengineering (Review)

Клеточные технологии, технологии биоинженерии, нанотехнологии и наноматериалы, технологии создания биосовместимых материалов входят в перечень критических технологий развития науки в Российской Федерации. Тем не менее, многие вопросы, освещенные в обзоре, до сих пор не нашли своего фундаментального и прикладного решения. В условиях бурного развития материально-технической базы данных направлений остро встает проблема подготовки квалифицированных научно-педагогических кадров, способных воспринимать и применять междисциплинарные знания. В определенной степени представленный материал способствует решению этой трудной задачи.Cell technology, bioengineering technology, nanotechnology and nanomaterials, technology of biocompatible materials designing are contained in a list of critical technologies of science development in Russian Federation. Nevertheless, a lot of questions described in review didn’t still hit on their basic and applied solution. Under conditions of rapid development of infrastructure of these directions there is a problem of training of competent personnel are capable to adopt and to employ multidisciplinary know-how. To some extent the material presented is contributing to solving this difficult goal

RF Magnetron Sputtering of Substituted Hydroxyapatite for Deposition of Biocoatings

Functionalization of titanium (Ti)-based alloy implant surfaces by deposition of calcium phosphates (CaP) has been widely recognized. Substituted hydroxyapatites (HA) allow the coating properties to be tailored based on the use of different Ca substitutes. The formation of antibacterial CaP coatings with the incorporation of Zn or Cu by an RF magnetron sputtering is proposed. The influence of RF magnetron targets elemental composition and structure in the case of Zn-HA and Cu-HA, and the influence of substrate’s grain size, the substrate’s temperature during the deposition, and post-deposition heat treatment (HT) on the resulting coatings are represented. Sintering the targets at 1150 °C resulted in a noticeable structural change with an increase in cell volume and lattice parameters for substituted HA. The deposition rate of Cu-HA and Zn-HA was notably higher compared to stochiometric HA (10.5 and 10) nm/min vs. 9 ± 0.5 nm/min, respectively. At the substrate temperature below 100 °C, all deposited coatings were found to be amorphous with an atomic short-range order corresponding to the {300} plane of crystalline HA. All deposited coatings were found to be hyper-stochiometric with Ca/P ratios varying from 1.9 to 2.5. An increase in the substrate temperature to 200 °C resulted in the formation of equiaxed grain structure on both coarse-grained (CG) and nanostructured (NS) Ti. The use of NS Ti notably increased the scratch resistance of the deposited coatings from18 ± 1 N to 22 ± 2 N. Influence of HT in air or Ar atmosphere is also discussed. Thus, the deposition of Zn- or Cu-containing CaP is a complex process that could be fine-tuned using the obtained research results