Inhibition of osmotic permeabilty of caprine erythrocytes by mercuric chloride in osmotic fragility models

Mercuric chloride interferes with erythrocyte membrane and can alter erythrocyte osmotic fragility. Saline and saccharide media have been used in erythrocyte osmotic fragility techniques. Inhibition of erythrocyte osmotic permeability by mercuric chloride was assessed in 10 apparently healthy non-pregnant and non-lactating Sahel does aged two and half years each by dentition. Packed cell volume, erythrocyte count and mean corpuscular volume were determined and calculated using standard methods from heparinised blood from the jugular vein. Erythrocyte osmotic fragility was determined in hypotonic saline, glucose or sucrose medium without and with added mercuric chloride. Erythrocyte parameters were all within normal range for the species. With added mercuric chloride, osmotic stabilization was 84-92% at saline concentrations of 90-300 mOsmol/L, at glucose concentrations of 90-270 mOsmol/L, 9-88% erythrocyte osmotic stabilization was recorded while 39-95% stabilization was observed at sucrose concentrations of 90-270 mOsmol/L. Mercuric chloride inhibited erythrocyte osmotic stability in saline and saccharide media with the highest stabilization in high concentration (300mOsmol/L) of saline, higher stabilization in median (210-270mOsmol/L) and high concentrations of saline than in glucose or sucrose and the least stabilization effect was observed in low (90-180mOsmol/L) and median concentrations of glucose.Keywords: Glucose, Mercuric chloride, Osmotic stability, Sahel goat, Saline, Sucros

Outbreak of femoral head necrosis in Japanese quails in Maiduguri, Nigeria

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Haemoconcentration in Yankasa sheep exposed to prolonged water deprivation

Five non-pregnant, healthy Yankasa ewes were deprived of water for 10 d with only one watering period during hot dry weather. On d 5, the mean body weight significantly (P0.05). Sheep were watered on an ad libitum basis for only 12 h after sample collection on d 5. On d 10, the mean body weight was only slightly decreased (

Dyserythropoiesis dans la trypanosomose animale

L'hémolyse est la cause pathologique la plus évidente de l'anémie trypanosomienne. Les anémies hémolytiques s'accompagnent normalement d'une érythropoïèse accrue, d'une réponse réticulocytaire et d'une augmentation du volume moyen corpusculaire des érythrocytes circulants. Dans la trypanosomose, l'anémie s'accompagne d'une perturbation de l'érythropoïèse. Ce fait semble découler d'une réponse leucocytaire subnormale chez les rongeurs infectés, faible ou nulle chez les ruminants (infectés) et d'une capacité faible d'érythrogénèse du plasma de mouton infecté chez la souris. Le volume corpusculaire moyen augmente dans la phase aiguë pour atteindre un sommet 3 à 4 semaines après l'infection. Il chute jusqu'à la normale ou en-dessous de la normale pendant la phase chronique, ce qui indiquerait que l'érythropoïèse augmenterait modérément dans la phase aiguë, mais décroît progressivement, au point de devenir nulle, au cours de la phase chronique. Les raisons de la dysérythropoïèse ne sont cependant pas claires mais peuvent être associées à un trouble érythrocytaire, à une synthèse ralentie ou insuffisante de l'érythropoïétine, à une baisse de la synthèse de l'hémoglobine, ou à une combinaison interréactionnelle de ces facteurs. Dans ces différents domaines, il est évident que des études poussées sont nécessaires

Severe Bilateral Testicular Atrophy Among Sahel Goats In Maiduguri, Nigeria

Among 6653 Nigerian Sahel bucks examined over a period of 6 months (March - April, 2007) in the abattoir in Maiduguri, northeastern Nigeria, 5 cases (0.08%) of severe bilateral testicular atrophy were diagnosed. The atrophic testes were shrunken, firm to touch and irregular in shape and the seminiferous tubules were replaced by fibrous connective tissues. This is the first report of the condition in this region.Key words: Atrophic testis, prevalence, pathology, Sahel goat

Erythrocyte glutathione concentrations in Nigerian Sahel goats

The erythrocyte glutathione (GSH) concentrations of 210 Nigerian Sahel goats were 2,4-175.2 (46.5¡À36,4) mg/l00 ml RBC or 0.1-7.3 (1.9¡À1.4) mg/gHb. The frequency distribution of the blood and erythrocyte GSH values was positively skewed, but the packed cell volume (PCV) and haemoglobin (Hb) concentrations were normally distributed. The erythrocyte GSH values in mg/100 ml RBC and mg/gHb were strongly correlated. Majority of the goat population (74.8%) had low or 'deficient' erythrocyte GSH concentrations (¡Ü60 mg/100 ml RBC). Sixteen animals with very low erythrocyte GSH values of 2.4-9.8 (6.9¡À2.9) mg/100 ml RBC were not anaemic and the anaemic goats with PCV of 17.0¡À0.9% had GSH concentrations of 3.5-97.5 (45.0¡À42,8) mg/100 ml RBC. The erythrocyte GSH values were not correlated with PCV or Hb and anaemia. The biochemical basis for the low erythrocyte GSH concentrations is yet to be determined

Effects of Oral Supplementation with Manganese chloride on the severity of Trypanosoma brucei and Trypanasoma congolonse infections in rats

Eighty healthy adult albino rats of both sexes were used in two experiments to study the effect of Manganese chloride supplementation on the severity of Trypanosoma brucei brucei and Trypanasoma congolonse infections. In each experiment, forty rats were divided into four groups of 10 rats each, namely; A, unsupplemented control; B, supplemented control; C, infected supplemented and D, infected unsupplemented. Aqueous solution (10%) of MnCl2 was administered daily using stomach tube to each rat at 100mg/kg in groups B and C from 10 days before infection and during the course of the infection. Each rat in groups C and D was infected by intraperitoneal injection of 1 x 106 trypanosomes (T. b. brucei or T. congolense) in phosphate buffered saline diluted donor blood. The prepatent periods were shorter (P < 0.05) in T. brucei than T. congolense infections and shorter (P < 0.05) in infected unsupplemented than infected supplemented rats. The infected unsupplemented groups had higher (P<0.05) parasitaemia, more severe anaemia (P<0.05) and hepatic and renal damage than infected supplemented groups. Therefore, oral Manganese chloride supplementation in rats appeared to reduce the severity of trypanosome infections by delaying the onset of parasitaemia, reducing the levels of parasitaemia and accompanying anaemia and organ damage