Microservice Transition and its Granularity Problem: A Systematic Mapping Study

Microservices have gained wide recognition and acceptance in software industries as an emerging architectural style for autonomic, scalable, and more reliable computing. The transition to microservices has been highly motivated by the need for better alignment of technical design decisions with improving value potentials of architectures. Despite microservices' popularity, research still lacks disciplined understanding of transition and consensus on the principles and activities underlying "micro-ing" architectures. In this paper, we report on a systematic mapping study that consolidates various views, approaches and activities that commonly assist in the transition to microservices. The study aims to provide a better understanding of the transition; it also contributes a working definition of the transition and technical activities underlying it. We term the transition and technical activities leading to microservice architectures as microservitization. We then shed light on a fundamental problem of microservitization: microservice granularity and reasoning about its adaptation as first-class entities. This study reviews state-of-the-art and -practice related to reasoning about microservice granularity; it reviews modelling approaches, aspects considered, guidelines and processes used to reason about microservice granularity. This study identifies opportunities for future research and development related to reasoning about microservice granularity.Comment: 36 pages including references, 6 figures, and 3 table

Small molecule activators of SIRT1 replicate signaling pathways triggered by calorie restriction in vivo

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Calorie restriction (CR) produces a number of health benefits and ameliorates diseases of aging such as type 2 diabetes. The components of the pathways downstream of CR may provide intervention points for developing therapeutics for treating diseases of aging. The NAD⁺-dependent protein deacetylase SIRT1 has been implicated as one of the key downstream regulators of CR in yeast, rodents, and humans. Small molecule activators of SIRT1 have been identified that exhibit efficacy in animal models of diseases typically associated with aging including type 2 diabetes. To identify molecular processes induced in the liver of mice treated with two structurally distinct SIRT1 activators, SIRT501 (formulated resveratrol) and SRT1720, for three days, we utilized a systems biology approach and applied Causal Network Modeling (CNM) on gene expression data to elucidate downstream effects of SIRT1 activation.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Here we demonstrate that SIRT1 activators recapitulate many of the molecular events downstream of CR <it>in vivo</it>, such as enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis, improving metabolic signaling pathways, and blunting pro-inflammatory pathways in mice fed a high fat, high calorie diet.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>CNM of gene expression data from mice treated with SRT501 or SRT1720 in combination with supporting <it>in vitro </it>and <it>in vivo </it>data demonstrates that SRT501 and SRT1720 produce a signaling profile that mirrors CR, improves glucose and insulin homeostasis, and acts via SIRT1 activation <it>in vivo</it>. Taken together these results are encouraging regarding the use of small molecule activators of SIRT1 for therapeutic intervention into type 2 diabetes, a strategy which is currently being investigated in multiple clinical trials.</p

Integration der Allergie-Dokumentation in eine interoperable Archivierungs- und Kommunikationsplattform zur Verbesserung der Patientenversorgung und der klinischen Forschung am Universitätsklinikum Jena

As part of the digitalization strategy for medical documentation, we introduced a vendor-neutral archive (VNA) at the Jena University Hospital. The VNA provides data based on interoperable formats for all clinical systems and for communication with other actors as well as for secondary data use. HL7 FHIR is used as a standard for structuring individual data. Using the example of allergy documentation, the paper describes objectives, work status, and experiences from several sub-projects currently being pursued in Jena to establish FHIR. Challenges in information modelling, semantic annotation, connection of clinical sub-systems and integration of FHIR resources in archiving structures and processes are discussed and the necessary cooperation for profiling technical standards is indicated.Im Rahmen der Digitalisierungsstrategie für die medizinische Dokumentation haben wir am Universitätsklinikum Jena ein "Vendor-Neutral Archive" (VNA) eingeführt. Das VNA stellt Daten auf der Basis interoperabler Formate für alle klinischen Systeme und zur Kommunikation mit anderen Akteuren sowie für die Sekundärdatennutzung zur Verfügung. Für strukturierte Einzeldaten kommt hierbei der Standard HL7 FHIR zum Einsatz. Der Artikel beschreibt am Beispiel der Allergiedokumentation Zielsetzungen und Erfahrungen aus mehreren Teilprojekten, die derzeit in Jena zur Etablierung von FHIR verfolgt werden. Herausforderungen bei der Informationsmodellierung, semantischer Annotation, Anbindung klinischer Subsysteme und Einbindung von FHIR-Ressourcen in Archivierungsstrukturen und -prozesse werden diskutiert und notwendige Kooperationen bei der Profilierung technischer Standards aufgezeigt