Critical powder loading and the rheology of nanosized cemented carbide with titanium carbide as grain growth inhibitor for injection molding

The purpose of this paper is to determine the critical powder loading of WC-Co and to study the effect of TiC powder on the rheological behavior of MIM feedstock. WC-TiC-6Co metal powder was taken as raw material. 60% (mass fraction) palm stearin and 40% low density polyethylene were employed as binders to prepare injection feedstock. Three feedstocks were prepared at different TiC % loadings of 0.5, 0.75, and 1.0 (by weight). A homogeneous metal powders is formed by using ball mill mixer and mixed together with binder system by using Brabender mixer. Based on the result obtained, it was concluded that feedstock with 0.75 wt. % TiC powder show a good pseudo-plastic behavior within acceptable ranges in MIM

Soda anthraquinone pulping of oil palm male flower spikes

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of beating process to the characteristics of pulp and paper produced from oil palm oil male flower spikes (OPMFS). OPMFS pulp was prepared according to chemical Soda-AQ pulping process. 60 gsm papersheet of oil palm male flower spiked were prepared from unbeaten and unbleached OPMFS Soda-AQ pulp. All optical, physical and mechanical characteristics were investigated according to TAPPI and MS ISO standards. OPMFS pulp recorded value of 6.42 s, 353 ml, 76.5 %, 36.7 % and 9.35 for drainage time, freeness, moisture content, screened yield percentage and Kappa number respectively..

Effect of beating process to soda anthraquinone pulp of oil palm male flower spikes fibre

This study was carried out to investigate the effect of beating process to the characteristics of pulp and paper produced from oil palm oil male flower spikes (OPMFS). OPMFS pulp was prepared according to chemical Soda-AQ pulping process. 60 gsm handsheet of oil palm male flower spikes paper were prepared from OPMFS pulp with four different beating times which are O revolution, 1000 revolutions, 2000 revolutions and 3000 revolutions. All physical and mechanical characteristics were investigated according to T APPi and MS ISO standards. The results show that overall physical and mechanical characteristics of POMPS paper were influenced and enhanced by beating process between O until 3000 revolutions. This research demonstrate some potential characteristics of palm oil male flower spikes (OPMFS) paper to be investigated as a newly explored non-wood based raw material for papermaking raw material for papermaking

Optimization of injection molding parameters for WC-TaC-6Co

The main purpose of this paper is to optimize the injection moulding parameters of WC-Co with TaC as Grain Growth Inhibitor (GGI), through Design of Experiment – Taguchi Method. The selected responses that need to be controlled are shrinkage and warpage. The parameters that were taken into considerations were GGI percentage, injection temperature, injection pressure and injection speed. In this study, L9 (34) orthogonal array from Taguchi Method was chosen as experimental setup and the responses were analyzed using Minitab version 16. Best parameters combinations chosen are, GGI (0.8 wt. % and 1.2 wt. %), injection temperature (145°C), injection pressure (45% and 55%) and injection speed (40%) for minimal shrinkage and warpage. Based on these findings, it is concluded that by controlling the optimum parameter setting, best quality of desired product can be easily achieved and maintained throughout the process

Preparation of injection moulding processing for high density polyethylene via moldflow advisor 2015 simulation

Injection moulding simulation is one of the optimization methods which may reduce the cost due to the occurrence of defects. In order to utilise this method during the preparation of injection moulding for high density polyethylene, a processing verification through simulation and the validation through practical injection moulding needs to be conducted. In this research, Moldflow Advisor 2015 software was utilised to simulate the process while Nissei NP-7F machine was used for practical injection moulding experimentation. The criteria evaluation that was considered were filling time, time to reach ejection temperature, volumetric shrinkage, warpage, and sink marks. Through the simulation, the filling time was 3.232 seconds, the time to reach ejection temperature was 36.2 seconds, and the volumetric shrinkage was 17.69%. The warpage of 0.006 mm was also predicted in this simulation. While during practical injection moulding, the filling time was 3 seconds, the volumetric shrinkage was 16.6% and 0.07 mm warpage. Both simulation and practical results have no sink marks. Therefore, it can be concluded that the simulation process had provided a good prediction for practical injection moulding preparation. The findings of this research shall be beneficial by providing the manufacturing processing reference in related with injection moulding and high density polyethylene products

Characterization of titanium foams sintered at different temperatures prepared by the slurry method

The mechanical and physical propertics of titanium foam sintered at different temperatures are reported in this paper. In this work, the slurry method has been used for the production of titanium foams using pure titanium and titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V). The titanium slurry was first prepared by mixing the titanium powder, polyethylene glycol (PEG), methylcellulose and water. Polyurethane (PU) foams, which acted as scaffolds were then impregnated in the slurry, followed by drying at room temperature. These were later sintered in a high temperature vacuum furnace at 1200oC, 1250oC and 1300¡C. The resultant titanium foams were characterised using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and the compressive strength test. The range of pore sizes obtained was between 388 μm to 1.07 mm, with a strut size in the range of 59.4 μm to 227 μm. The highest compressive strength obtained was 14.85 MPa. This was for the titanium alloy foam which had been sintered at 1250¡C. The highest density (1.25 g/cm3) obtained was for the pure titanium foams that were sintered at 1300¡C. For these, the porosity was found to be 65.05%. In general however, the most suitable sintering temperature was found to be 1250¡C for both the pure titanium and titanium alloy

Synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite powder

Nanocrystalline hydroxyapatite (HA) powder was synthesized by a simple heating process involving simple chemical reaction. The characterization of the produced powder showed that the powder is nanosize with particle in the range of 30-70 mm in diameter and almost evenly spherical in shape. The powder also has a high surface area of 43.16 m2/g. Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) observation showed the crystallite and particle size become bigger with an increment of calcination temperature, indicating increasing of crystallinity. FESEM observation showed the particle size become bigger with an increment of calcinations temperature. It is in agreement with the crystallite size analysis, obtained by Scherer’s formula and particle size analysis, measured by Nano-Sizer. X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infra Red Spectroscopy (FTIR) analyses exhibited the same result, where HA phase was clearly observed at at various temperatures up to 600˚C. However, at temperature more than 600˚C, Tri calcium phosphate (TCP) phase appeared suppressing the HA phase, producing biphasic calcium phosphate

Durian rind soda-anthraquinone pulp and paper: effects of elemental chlorine-free bleaching and beating

A study was conducted to investigate the preliminary characteristics of soda-anthraquinone (soda-AQ) durian rind waste pulp and paper with the effects of elemental chlorine-free (ECF) bleaching and beating revolutions. Pulping was carried out using rotary digester with 0.1% antraquinone, 20% active alkali (NaOH), cooking time of 120 min and temperature of 170 °C. ECF bleaching with chlorine dioxide – alkali extraction – chlorine dioxide – alkali extraction – peroxide sequence and beating in the range of 0 to 1000 revolutions were applied to the unbeaten and unbleached pulp. ECF bleached pulp produced soda-AQ durian rind paper with greater tensile index, burst index, tear index, number of folds, brightness and scattering coefficients, but with slightly lower opacity compared with paper made from unbleached pulp. The results also showed that beating revolutions improved the overall physical and mechanical characteristics of durian rind soda-AQ pulp. Bleaching and beating enhanced the durian rind soda-AQ pulp fiber-to-fiber bonding and strength. Durian rind has potential characteristics as promising new material for papermaking