Iklim proses organisasi di Institusi Pendidikan Tinggi MARA / Mumtaz Begam Abdul Kadir, Norzaini Azman and Mohamed Sani Ibrahim

Iklim organisasi merujuk kepada satu set keadaan dan amalan warga kerja sesebuah organisasi. Iklim kerja menggambarkan persepsi warga kerja terhadap persekitaran kerja, kebajikan dan kemampuan pengembangan dan pembangunan pekerja yang terdapat di dalam organisasi. Iklim kerja ini akan memberi kesan terhadap prestasi kerja dan hubungan antara individu. Kajian ini adalah kajian tinjauan yang bertujuan untuk mengenal pasti iklim proses organisasi yang sedia ada di Institusi Pendidikan Tinggi Mara (IPTMa). Sampel seramai 1580 orang daripada kumpulan pengurusan, pensyarah dan staf sokongan dari 35 buah IPTMa. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan borang soal selidik dan telah dianalisis menggunakan statistik deskriptif. Secara keseluruhan dapatan kajian ini menunjukkan kesemua IPTMa mempunyai iklim proses organisasi yang menyokong pelaksanaan TQM. Selain itu, iklim proses organisasi yang telah memperoleh pengiktirafan ISO iaitu kolej UniKL (ISO) dan IKM(ISO) menyokong pada tahap yang tinggi berbanding dengan institusi lain. Secara keseluruhan dapatan kajian ini menunjukkan pelaksanaan TQM merupakan faktor dominan dalam mempengaruhi iklim proses organisasi. Iklim proses organisasi yang menyokong akan mewujudkan pekerja yang produktif tetapi kebergantungan yang tinggi. Keadaan ini menunjukkan satu petanda yang baik kepada pihak pengurusan IPTMa kerana iklim jenis ini menunjukkan warga IPTMa adalah produktif tetapi kurang berdikari. Implikasi kajian ini menunjukkan pelaksanaan TQM perlu dimantapkan dari semasa ke semasa bagi meningkatkan iklim proses organisasi

The impact of European Monetary Union on finance-growth Nexus

This study examines the relationship between financial development and economic growth in 15 developed European countries before and after the formation of the euro. The results of the panel data analysis show that financial development is significant in promoting economic growth for both periods. The impact of the banking sector development on growth, however, is greater in the post-euro period, whereas the impact of stock market development on growth is reducing in the period investigated. The study concludes that the formation of European Monetary Union does not weaken the relationship between financial development and economic growth in developed European countries

What drive innovation activity in developing countries?

This paper seeks to provide an empirical assessment of the determinants of innovative activity across developing countries by focusing on the roles of trade and capital account openness. The Extreme-Bound-Analysis (EBA) approach is applied to data from 58 countries over the 1996-2011 period. The results reveal that human capital is a robust determinant of innovation activity. Meanwhile, the impact of foreign technology inflow is found to be different depending on the indicators used. The results indicate that import of machinery and equipment is a robust determinant of innovation but the impacts of total import, import of manufactured goods, and FDI inflows appear to be fragile

A quantile regression analysis of international financial integration-economic growth nexus

This study aims to examine the relationship between international financial integration (IFI) and economic growth for countries with different level of economic development. Adopting the quantile regression technique on cross sectional data of 73 countries, the results show that IFI has a positive impact on economic growth. However, the impact does not exist in countries where the economic development are too low or in highly developed countries

Data integration for XML based on semantic knowledge

Reconciling of knowledge from multiple heterogeneous data sources has been a major focus of database research for more than a decade.As a standard for exchanging business data on the WWW, XML should provide the ability of expressing data and semantics among them. Since most of application data are stored in relational databases due to its popularity and rich development experiences over it.Therefore, how to provide a proper mapping approach from relational model to XML model becomes the major research problem in the field of current information exchanging, sharing and integration..The model needs to be integrated and at the same time maintain the semantic knowledge among the data. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview for XML based data integration on semantic knowledge.At the end of the paper, we review some methodologies from existing literature

Finance-growth nexus: evidence based on new measures of finance

This study examines the impact of financial development on economic growth using both the development of banking sector and the development of stock market as indicators of financial development. In order to reduce information loss, new measures of the banking sector and the stock market development are derived from various available measures via principal component analysis. Using the generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation technique on a 1988-2012 sample of 53 countries, the study reveals that the development in the banking sector and the stock market are both important to promote economic growth

Academic promotion in Malaysian public universities: a critical look at issues and challenges

The expansion and transformation of Malaysian universities have generated major changes in the nature of academic employment and the structure of academic promotion in higher education institutions. These changes have considerable implications, in particular for the policy and practice of academic promotion in the public universities. We argue that despite sharing one common grade and salary system, distinct and significant differences exist in the academic promotion systems of the public universities. Drawing on one recent study on the academic promotion process in Malaysian public universities to contextualise our discussion, this paper highlights the complexity in the promotion process in these institutions. It also discusses and articulates the attendant issues and challenging aspects of the academic promotion process. We argue that the interrelated issues and challenges, and certain academic practices and habits stemming from the pressure to gain a promotion are pervasive, and that they affect the academic value system and work culture. We conclude by asserting the importance of applying a consistent standard for promotion within a single salary system and that the academic promotion system in the public universities should ultimately affirm and communicate core academic values, and also aim at obtaining evidence of excellent accomplishments

Institutional quality thresholds and the finance – growth nexus

Using an innovative threshold estimation technique, this study examines whether the growth effect of financial development in countries with distinct levels of institutional development differs. The results demonstrate that there is a threshold effect in the finance-growth relationship. Specifically, we found that the impact of finance on growth is positive and significant only after a certain threshold level of institutional development has been attained. Until then, the effect of finance on growth is nonexistent. This finding suggests that the financial development-growth nexus is contingent on the level of institutional quality, thus supporting the idea that better finance (i.e., financial markets embedded within a sound institutional framework) is potent in delivering long-run economic development