A novel mining system for criminal issues from a video file within cloud computing environment

This paper presents a description of a novel mining system which mines the different occurrences (instances) of the same object from a video file. The framework of the system consists of four steps: segmenting the video file into stable tracks, extracting objects and their features from the tracks, grouping these tracks into clusters based on their residing objects, and finally mining the instances of each object in the shared pool of configurable computing resources within cloud environment for more security. The paper also presents a critique and feedback for the system and proposes an idea to improve its performance

An efficient mathematical analysis for saving energy in WSN routing protocol

The issue of energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is a prime consideration. Therefore, we propose an energy-saving scheme for use in wireless sensor networks and this the goal of this Research. The proposed protocol is a mixture of the low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH) and mediation device (MD) protocols. It combines the advantages of both. The suggested protocol includes a mechanism for avoiding the collisions that exist in the MD protocols. Also, it allows the cluster head to be in sleep mode if there is no data to be sent. (In addition, MD Device in the proposed protocol will send ID to the node which will send the data to the cluster head that avoid collision signals that unfortunately happen in MD protocols and know which node sent data). This is in contrast to the LEACH protocol and MD protocol, where the cluster head is always switched on. Placing the cluster head in sleep mode contributes to reducing energy consumption.In the proposed scheme, clustering is used as in LEACH, but the cluster head is asleep by default. However, when a sensor node has data to send, it informs the MD, which then awakens the cluster head, making it ready for receiving sensor data. To evaluate the proposed scheme, we suggest a mathematical model that estimates the energy that the scheme saves as compared with LEACH. The results show that substantial energy saving is possible when the cluster head can be placed in sleep mode for a large percentage of time. Intuitively, this time percentage is higher when sensors have less data to send

A survey of routing MAC techniques for wireless sensor networks routing protocol

A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) contains a random number of sensors distributed in the environment to monitor physical conditions. In the following, a survey of MAC routing mechanisms in WSN is presented and discussed. One of the most important issues in WSN is the issue of energy efficiency of the routing protocols. The importance of this issue stems from the fact that the nodes have usually a life time and this life time can be extended by saving more energy by using efficient routing techniques. In the following, we present a survey of the MAC routing mechanisms in WSN. Firstly, an outline of the architecture challenges for routing protocols in WSN is given according to the system tradeoffs between the power and communication overhead savings in different routing techniques. Secondly, advantages and disadvantages for each routing protocol are presented and discussed. In this survey, we will concentrate only on some protocols like Data Centric, Hierarchal and other related energy saving protocols. In addition, we will discuss some of the surveyed protocols results, comparisons and conclusions

A SIMSCAPE based design of a dual maximum power point tracker of a stand-alone photovoltaic system

This paper presents the simulation of a dual maximum power point tracker (dual-MPPT) and attempt to get the global maximum power point GMPP under partial shading conditions for a solar photovoltaic module using MATLAB SIMSCAPE. Traditional single MPP trackers are less efficient than dual MPP trackers and have greater sensitivity to partial shading. By using dual MPP trackers, one can get several features such as the possibility of connecting two arrays with different string sizes or different solar azimuths or tilts within high efficiency. This paper focuses on making the photovoltaic system work at maximum possible power under partial shading condition by using dual MPP trackers to achieve the convergence toward the global maximum power point GMPP

HeartCV: a tool for transferrable, automated measurement of heart rate and heart rate variability in transparent animals.

Heart function is a key component of whole-organismal physiology. Bioimaging is commonly, but not exclusively, used for quantifying heart function in transparent individuals, including early developmental stages of aquatic animals, many of which are transparent. However, a central limitation of many imaging-related methods is the lack of transferability between species, life-history stages and experimental approaches. Furthermore, locating the heart in mobile individuals remains challenging. Here, we present HeartCV: an open-source Python package for automated measurement of heart rate and heart rate variability that integrates automated localization and is transferrable across a wide range of species. We demonstrate the efficacy of HeartCV by comparing its outputs with measurements made manually for a number of very different species with contrasting heart morphologies. Lastly, we demonstrate the applicability of the software to different experimental approaches and to different dataset types, such as those corresponding to longitudinal studies

Spectral phenotyping of embryonic development reveals integrative thermodynamic responses

Abstract Background Energy proxy traits (EPTs) are a novel approach to high dimensional organismal phenotyping that quantify the spectrum of energy levels within different temporal frequencies associated with mean pixel value fluctuations from video. They offer significant potential in addressing the phenotyping bottleneck in biology and are effective at identifying lethal endpoints and measuring specific functional traits, but the extent to which they might contribute additional understanding of the phenotype remains unknown. Consequently, here we test the biological significance of EPTs and their responses relative to fundamental thermodynamic principles. We achieve this using the entire embryonic development of Radix balthica, a freshwater pond snail, at different temperatures (20, 25 &amp; 30 °C) and comparing responses against predictions from Arrhenius’ equation (Q10 = 2). Results We find that EPTs are thermally sensitive and their spectra of frequency response enable effective high-dimensional treatment clustering throughout organismal development. Temperature-specific deviation in EPTs from thermodynamic predictions were evident and indicative of physiological mitigation, although they differed markedly in their responses from manual measures. The EPT spectrum was effective in capturing aspects of the phenotype predictive of biological outcomes, and suggest that EPTs themselves may reflect levels of energy turnover. Conclusions Whole-organismal biology is incredibly complex, and this contributes to the challenge of developing universal phenotyping approaches. Here, we demonstrate the biological relevance of a new holistic approach to phenotyping that is not constrained by preconceived notions of biological importance. Furthermore, we find that EPTs are an effective approach to measuring even the most dynamic life history stages. </jats:sec

Phenomics as an approach to Comparative Developmental Physiology

The dynamic nature of developing organisms and how they function presents both opportunity and challenge to researchers, with significant advances in understanding possible by adopting innovative approaches to their empirical study. The information content of the phenotype during organismal development is arguably greater than at any other life stage, incorporating change at a broad range of temporal, spatial and functional scales and is of broad relevance to a plethora of research questions. Yet, effectively measuring organismal development, and the ontogeny of physiological regulations and functions, and their responses to the environment, remains a significant challenge. “Phenomics”, a global approach to the acquisition of phenotypic data at the scale of the whole organism, is uniquely suited as an approach. In this perspective, we explore the synergies between phenomics and Comparative Developmental Physiology (CDP), a discipline of increasing relevance to understanding sensitivity to drivers of global change. We then identify how organismal development itself provides an excellent model for pushing the boundaries of phenomics, given its inherent complexity, comparably smaller size, relative to adult stages, and the applicability of embryonic development to a broad suite of research questions using a diversity of species. Collection, analysis and interpretation of whole organismal phenotypic data are the largest obstacle to capitalising on phenomics for advancing our understanding of biological systems. We suggest that phenomics within the context of developing organismal form and function could provide an effective scaffold for addressing grand challenges in CDP and phenomics

Spatial and temporal characteristics of cancer in the period from 2004 to 2013 in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan

Cancer in Jordan is a major public health problem and the second leading cause of death after heart disease. This study aimed at studying the spatial and temporal characteristics of cancer in Jordan and its 12 governorates for the period 2004-2013 to establish a baseline for future research and identification of cancer risk factors paving the way for developing a cancer control plan in the country. Numerical and graphical summaries, time-series additive seasonal decomposition, the method of least squares, and spacetime scan statistics were applied in a geographic information systems environment. Although the results indicate that the cancer incidence in Jordan is comparatively low, it is increasing over time. In the 10-year study period, a total of 44,741 cases was reported with a mean annual crude incidence rate of 68.4 cases/100,000, mean annual age-adjusted incidence rate of 111.9 cases/100,000, and a monthly rate increase of 1.2 (cases/100,000)/month. This study also revealed that the spatial and temporal characteristics of cancer vary among the governorates. Amman, which includes the capital city and hosts more than one-third of the population of the country, reported 61.0% of the total number of cases. Amman also reported the highest annual crude incidence rate (105.3 cases/100,000), the highest annual age-adjusted incidence rate (160.6 cases/100,000), and the highest rate of increase (0.7 (cases/100,000)/month) forming a high-rate cluster. Excluding the three governorates Amman, Balqa, and Ma’daba, low-rate clusters were found with regard to the remaining governorates. All governorates, except Irbid and Mafraq, showed significant rates of increase of cancer incidence. However, no clear seasonality pattern with respect to cancer incidence was discerned

Observer-Based State Feedback for Enhanced Insulin Control of Type ‘I’ Diabetic Patients

During the past few decades, biomedical modeling techniques have been applied to improve performance of a wide variety of medical systems that require monitoring and control. Diabetes is one of the most important medical problems. This paper focuses on designing a state feedback controller with observer to improve the performance of the insulin control for type ‘I’ diabetic patients. The dynamic model of glucose levels in diabetic patients is a nonlinear model. The system is a typical fourth-order single-input-single-output state space model. Using a linear time invariant controller based on an operating condition is a common method to simplify control design. On the other hand, adaptive control can potentially improve system performance. But it increases control complexity and may create further stability issues. This paper investigates patient models and presents a simplified control scheme using observer-based feedback controllers. By comparing different control schemes, it shows that a properly designed state feedback controller with observer can eliminate the adaptation strategy that the Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers need to improve the control performance. Control strategies are simulated and their performance is evaluated in MATLAB and Simulink