630 research outputs found

    Do conflicts create poverty traps? Asset losses and recovery for displaced households in Colombia

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    Internal conflicts entail large asset losses for certain segments in the civilian population. Asset losses may compromise the future welfare of households, thus leaving a legacy of structural poverty that is difficult to overcome. The purpose of this article is to analyze how asset losses occur during internal conflicts and the process of asset accumulation following the initial shock. To do this, we concentrate on a particularly vulnerable group of victims of war—the displaced population in Colombia. In achieving our objective, we adopt quantitative and qualitative approaches by: (i) providing a detailed description of losses stemming from forced displacement; (ii) analyzing qualitative evidence so as to understand the asset recovery processes for the displaced population; and (iii) estimating OLS, Instrumental Variable and quartile regressions in order to identify the determinants of asset losses stemming from forced displacement, and asset accumulation following the initial shock. The results indicate that recuperating asset losses or accumulating new assets is a rare event; only 25 percent of households are able to recover their original asset base, while asset ownership still seems insufficient for overcoming poverty. In addition, displaced households do not catch up even as settlement at destination sites consolidates. Therefore, unless a positive intervention is implemented, displaced households become locked in a low income trajectory, and are unlikely to leap forward to a high return asset level.Forced migration, civil conflict, asset losses, structural poverty, quantile regressions

    Control judicial del poder polĂ­tico

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    Refined Harder-Narasimhan filtrations in moduli theory

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    We define canonical refinements of Harder-Narasimhan filtrations and stratifications in moduli theory, generalising and relating work of Haiden-Katzarkov-Kontsevich-Pandit and Kirwan. More precisely, we define a canonical stratification on any noetherian algebraic stack X\mathcal X with affine diagonal that admits a good moduli space and is endowed with a norm on graded points. The strata live in a newly defined stack of sequential filtrations of X\mathcal X. Therefore the stratification gives a canonical sequential filtration, the iterated balanced filtration, for each point of X\mathcal X. Examples of applicability include moduli of principal bundles on a curve, moduli of objects at the heart of a Bridgeland stability condition and moduli of K-semistable Fano varieties. We conjecture that the iterated balanced filtration describes the asymptotics of the Kempf-Ness flow in Geometric Invariant Theory, as part of a larger project aiming to describe the asymptotics of natural flows in moduli theory. In the case of quotient stacks by diagonalisable algebraic groups, we give an explicit description of the iterated balanced filtration in terms of convex geometry.Comment: 74 pages. Comments welcom

    A robust numerical framework for the analysis of material failure of fibre reinforced soft tissue

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    In this work, robustness and stability of continuum damage models applied to material failure in soft tissues are addressed. In the implicit damage models equipped with softening, the presence of negative eigenvalues in the tangent elemental matrix degrades the condition number of the global matrix, leading to a reduction of the computational performance of the numerical model. Two strategies have been adapted from literature to improve the aforementioned computational performance degradation: the IMPL-EX integration scheme [Oliver,2006], which renders the elemental matrix contribution definite positive, and arclength-type continuation methods [Carrera,1994], which allow to capture the unstable softening branch in brittle ruptures. The IMPL-EX integration scheme has as a major drawback the need to use small time steps to keep numerical error below an acceptable value. A convergence study, limiting the maximum allowed increment of internal variables in the damage model, is presented. Finally, numerical simulation of failure problems with fibre reinforced materials illustrates the performance of the adopted methodology

    ImplementaciĂłn de juegos usando algoritmos evolutivos

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    El objetivo de este proyecto, ha sido implementar juegos convencionales aplicando las tĂ©cnicas de los algoritmos evolutivos. Los algoritmos evolutivos son un grupo de algoritmos de bĂșsqueda basados en la evoluciĂłn y selecciĂłn natural de las especies en el mundo real. Estas tĂ©cnicas incluyen algoritmos genĂ©ticos, los cuales trabajan con estructuras binarias para representar a los individuos de una poblaciĂłn. Los juegos son una parte muy interesante dentro del campo de la programaciĂłn evolutiva, ya que en ellos se pueden aplicar muchas de las caracterĂ­sticas tĂ­picas de los algoritmos evolutivos. En este proyecto hemos implementado un gran nĂșmero de juegos como el mastermind, puzzles
 y otros juegos donde el contrincante ha sido el ordenador. Para cada juego hemos elegido la representaciĂłn de los individuos y la funciĂłnde aptitud mĂĄs apropiadas para conseguir juegos que devolvieran soluciones Ăłptimas, finalidad primera de los algoritmos evolutivos. [ABSTRACT] The objective of this project, has been to implement conventional games applying the techniques of the evolutionary algorithms.. The evolutionary algorithms are a group of algorithms search based on the evolution and natural selection of the species in the real world. These techniques include genetic algorithms, which work with binary structures to represent the individuals of a population. The games are a very interesting part within the field of the evolutionary programming, since in them many of the typical characteristics of the evolutionary algorithms can be applied. In this project we have implemented a great number of games like mastermind, puzzles, labyrinths... and other games where the opponent has been the computer. For each game we have chosen the representation of the individuals and the more appropriate function of aptitude to obtain games that gave back optimal solutions, purpose first of the evolutionary algorithms

    RelaciĂłn de la dinĂĄmica mitocondrial con fenotipos agresivos de cĂĄncer de pĂĄncreas: pluripotencia y migraciĂłn

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    En cĂĄncer de pĂĄncreas es un tipo de cancer que adquiere resistencia terapĂ©utica con el tiempo.La presencia de CSCs y la transiciĂłn epitelio a mesĂ©nquima le otorga un perfil altamenteagresivo. La importancia de las mitocondrias en todos los procesos celulares, tanto fisiolĂłgicoscomo patolĂłgicos, lleva a considerar que tiene una implicaciĂłn en los procesos tumorales. LasobreexpresiĂłn de los genes implicados el proceso de pluripotencia, transiciĂłn epiteliomesĂ©nquimay en la dinĂĄmica mitocondrial indican un peor pronĂłstico para estos pacientes.Nuestros resultados confirmaron que las muestras enriquecidas de CSCs presentansobreexpresiĂłn de los genes de pluripotencia, esto permitiĂł seleccionarlas para determinar unaumento de dinĂĄmica mitocondrial en CSCs comparado con cĂ©lulas diferenciadas, sin poderdeterminar quĂ© actividad mitocondrial predominaba. La transiciĂłn epitelio a mesĂ©nquimapermite que el tumor se disemine por el organismo, de manera que termina en metĂĄstasis. Elproceso migratorio se vio frenado cuando tratamos las cĂ©lulas con mDivi-1 cuya funciĂłn esinhibir DRP1, esta proteĂ­na implicada en la fisiĂłn mitocondrial actĂșa sobre la progresiĂłn,migraciĂłn e invasiĂłn tumoral.<br /

    Cadmium sulfite hexahydrate revisited

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    The present structural revision of the title compound, tetra­cadmium tetra­sulfite hexa­hydrate, [Cd4(SO3)4(H2O)5]·H2O, is a low-temperature upgrade (T = 100 K and R = 0.017) of the original room-temperature structure reported by Kiers & Vos [Cryst. Struct. Commun. (1978). 7, 399–403; T = 293 K and R = 0.080). The compound is a three-dimensional polymer with four independent cadmium centres, four sulfite anions and six water mol­ecules, five of them coordinated to two cadmium centres and the remaining one an unbound solvent mol­ecule which completes the asymmetric unit. There are two types of cadmium environment: CdO8 (through four chelating sulfite ligands) and CdO6 (by way of six monocoordinated ligands). The former groups form planar arrays [parallel to (001) and separated by half a unit cell translation along c], made up of chains running along [110] and [10], respectively. These chains are, in turn, inter­connected both in an intra­planar as well as in an inter­planar fashion by the latter CdO6 polyhedra into a tight three-dimensional framework. There is, in addition, an extensive network of hydrogen bonds, in which all 12 water H atoms act as donors and eight O atoms from all four sulfite groups and two water mol­ecules act as acceptors

    Diseño de sistemas de pozos para la captación de agua subterrånea: caso de estudio La Mojana

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    Trabajo de InvestigaciónEl contenido de esta investigación consta de la caracterización de la región de la Moajana, recopilación de información con respecto a métodos y tecnologías para la captación de agua subterrånea y finalmente de un diseño de un pozo para la captación de agua subterrånea en el acuífero del Morroa. En este documento se presentan algunas metodologías aplicadas en otros países para la extracción de agua del subsuelo.PregradoIngeniero Civi

    Diseño de una aplicación para verificar el porcentaje vocacional de los estudiantes en su primer semestre de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Católica de Colombia

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    Visita TĂ©cnica InternacionalA pesar de los esfuerzos realizados por el Ministerio de EducaciĂłn de la RepĂșblica de Colombia en los Ășltimos años para reducir el abandono estudiantil universitario, se denota una continua deserciĂłn de los estudiantes en los primeros semestres de educaciĂłn superior; esto se debe en gran medida a una paupĂ©rrima orientaciĂłn vocacional antes de iniciar sus estudios superiores y de la falta de seguimiento una vez empiecen. Con el fin de apoyar el seguimiento vocacional a los estudiantes, este trabajo propone el diseño de una aplicaciĂłn que permita a las universidades analizar y determinar el porcentaje de orientaciĂłn vocacional de los estudiantes de los primeros semestres de ingenierĂ­a. Para la ejecuciĂłn de tal objetivo se seleccionĂł, ajustĂł y ejecutĂł un test vocacional sobre una muestra de estudiantes de ingenierĂ­a de primer semestre y se logrĂł estimar el porcentaje de orientaciĂłn vocacional. Todo esto, para comprender el proceso y efectuar el levantamiento de requerimientos y posteriores diseños de la aplicaciĂłn. Finalmente, el trabajo dio como resultado, los diferentes requerimientos, vistas, diagramas, necesarios para el desarrollo de la aplicaciĂłn.1 ABSTRACT 2 RESUMEN 3 INTRODUCCIÓN 4 GENERALIDADES 5 MARCOS DE REFERENCIA 6 METODOLOGÍA 7 DESARROLLO DE LA PROPUESTA 8 CRONOGRAMA DE ACTIVIDADES 9 PRODUCTOS A ENTREGAR 10 ESTRATEGIAS DE COMUNICACIÓN Y DIVULGACIÓN 11 PRESUPUESTO DEL TRABAJO 12 CONCLUSIONES 13 TRABAJOS FUTUROS 14 ANEXOS REFERENCIASPregradoIngeniero de Sistema
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