4 research outputs found
Lesioning of the Striatum Reverses Motor Asymmetry in the 6-Hydroxydopamine Rodent Model of Parkinsonism
In the rat several paradigms of grafting of adrenal
medulla into the striatum were studied following the
induction of a parkinsonian model, using a unilateral
6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesion of the substantia nigra
. Direct autologous grafting of adrenal medulla
into the caudate-putamen complex, a radiofrequency
lesion of the striatum alone, and a radiofrequency
lesion followed by delayed grafting of adrenal medulla
were compared by analyzing rotational behavior.
Direct grafting of adrenal medulla produced an
overall reduction in apomorphine induced turning
behavior by 43.5% when compared with controls.
Radiofrequency lesioning of the striatum without
graft showed the best improvement over control
animals with a 92% reduction in the total number of
rotations induced by apomorphine. Delayed grafting
into the caudate lesion cavity also produced a
dramatic reduction in motor asymmetry but did not
improve the behavioral outcome over that of the
lesion alone. Animals receiving only radiofrequency
lesions exhibited a band of increased tyrosine
hydroxylase like immunoreactivity bordering the
lesion cavity. Graft survival was limited in the nonlesioned
animals but appeared enhanced in the
animals whose striatum was previously lesioned.
Lesion location within the striatum influenced the
behavioral outcome. Large reductions in
apomorphine-induced rotations could result from
small lesions of the dorso-lateral striatum. These
findings indicate that selective destruction of the
caudate-putamen complex without tissue
transplantation produces a dramatic reduction in the
motor asymmetry of 6-OHDA treated rats. Suggested
explanations for the decrease in induced rotational
behavior with radiofrequency lesions include a
decrease in the number of striatal dopamine
receptors following cell destruction and lesioninduced
recovery of host dopaminergic afferents.
Striatal damage in critical areas can reverse some of
the motor behavior associated with the 6-OHDA
model and needs to be considered when evaluating
the effects of neural grafting in this model
Additional file 1: of Molecular and morphological characterisation of Pharyngostrongylus kappa Mawson, 1965 (Nematoda: Strongylida) from Australian macropodid marsupials with the description of a new species, P. patriciae n. sp.
Table S1. Specimens of Pharyngostrongylus kappa from Macropus giganteus examined from the South Australian Museum (SAM), Adelaide. Figure S1. Alignment of ITS1 rDNA sequences of Pharyngostrongylus kappa and P. patriciae n. sp. from different macropodid hosts. A dot indicates an identical nucleotide with respect to the sequence of XDR10.1; a dash indicates an insertion/deletion (indel) event. IUPAC codes indicate polymorphic positions in the sequences. Figure S2. Alignment of ITS2 rDNA sequences of Pharyngostrongylus kappa and P. patriciae n. sp. from different macropodid hosts. A dot indicates an identical nucleotide with respect to the sequence of XDR10.1; a dash indicates an insertion/deletion (indel) event. IUPAC codes indicate polymorphic positions in the sequences. (DOCX 69 kb
Faecal contamination and foraging behaviour from Parasite insight: assessing fitness costs, infection risks and foraging benefits relating to gastrointestinal nematodes in wild mammalian herbivores
The influence of faecal contamination on foraging behaviour in free-ranging eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus
Additional file 1: of Anthelmintic resistance in gastrointestinal nematodes of alpacas (Vicugna pacos) in Australia
Table S1. Arithmetic means, minimum faecal egg counts (FEC; eggs per gram of faeces, EPG) and maximum FEC counts before and after treatment with different anthelmintics on 20 Australian alpaca farms. Table S2. Effect of different anthelmintics on the common gastrointestinal nematodes before and after treatment in naturally infected alpacas on 20 alpaca farms in Australia. (DOCX 44 kb