75 research outputs found
Independent adaptation mechanisms for numerosity and size perception provide evidence against a common sense of magnitude
Abstract How numerical quantity is processed is a central issue for cognition. On the one hand the “number sense theory” claims that numerosity is perceived directly, and may represent an early precursor for acquisition of mathematical skills. On the other, the “theory of magnitude” notes that numerosity correlates with many continuous properties such as size and density, and may therefore not exist as an independent feature, but be part of a more general system of magnitude. In this study we examined interactions in sensitivity between numerosity and size perception. In a group of children, we measured psychophysically two sensory parameters: perceptual adaptation and discrimination thresholds for both size and numerosity. Neither discrimination thresholds nor adaptation strength for numerosity and size correlated across participants. This clear lack of correlation (confirmed by Bayesian analyses) suggests that numerosity and size interference effects are unlikely to reflect a shared sensory representation. We suggest these small interference effects may rather result from top-down phenomena occurring at late decisional levels rather than a primary “sense of magnitude”
Phonon downconversion to suppress correlated errors in superconducting qubits
Quantum error correction can preserve quantum information in the presence of
local errors, but correlated errors are fatal. For superconducting qubits,
high-energy particle impacts from background radioactivity produce energetic
phonons that travel throughout the substrate and create excitations above the
superconducting ground state, known as quasiparticles, which can poison all
qubits on the chip. We use normal metal reservoirs on the chip back side to
downconvert phonons to low energies where they can no longer poison qubits. We
introduce a pump-probe scheme involving controlled injection of pair-breaking
phonons into the qubit chips. We examine quasiparticle poisoning on chips with
and without back-side metallization and demonstrate a reduction in the flux of
pair-breaking phonons by over a factor of 20. We use a Ramsey interferometer
scheme to simultaneously monitor quasiparticle parity on three qubits for each
chip and observe a two-order of magnitude reduction in correlated poisoning due
to background radiation.Comment: 24 pages, 17 figures, 5 table
Immunotherapy and its development for gynecological (Ovarian, endometrial and cervical) tumors: From immune checkpoint inhibitors to chimeric antigen receptor (car)-T cell therapy
Gynecological tumors are malignancies with both high morbidity and mortality. To date, only a few chemotherapeutic agents have shown efficacy against these cancer types (only ovarian cancer responds to several agents, especially platinum-based combinations). Within this context, the discovery of immune checkpoint inhibitors has led to numerous clinical studies being carried out that have also demonstrated their activity in these cancer types. More recently, following the development of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy in hematological malignancies, this strategy was also tested in solid tumors, including gynecological cancers. In this article, we focus on the molecular basis of gynecological tumors that makes them potential candidates for immunotherapy. We also provide an overview of the main immunotherapy studies divided by tumor type and report on CAR technology and the studies currently underway in the area of gynecological malignancies
Changes of direction during high-intensity intermittent runs: neuromuscular and metabolic responses
Impacto del tráfico de equipos durante la cosecha de caña de azúcar (Saccharum officinarum)
Efeito da intensidade do exercício de corrida intermitente 30s:15s no tempo de manutenção no ou próximo do VO2max
Least limiting water range in assessing compaction in a Brazilian Cerrado latosol growing sugarcane
Influência da densidade do solo infestado por nematoide no desenvolvimento inicial de cana-de-açúcar
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