The radio to TeV orbital variability of the microquasar LSI+61303

Context: .The microquasar LS I +61 303 has recently been detected at TeV energies by the Cherenkov telescope MAGIC, presenting variability on timescales similar to its orbital period. This system has been intensively observed at different wavelengths during the last three decades, showing a very complex behavior along the orbit.Aims: .We aim to explain, using a leptonic model in the accretion scenario, the observed orbital variability and spectrum from radio to TeV energies of LS I +61 303.Methods: .We apply a leptonic model based on accretion of matter from the slow inhomogeneous equatorial wind of the primary star, assuming particle injection proportional to the accretion rate. The relativistic electron energy distribution within the binary system is computed taking into account convective/adiabatic and radiative losses. The spectral energy distribution (SED) has been calculated accounting for synchrotron and (Thomson/Klein Nishina -KN-) inverse Compton (IC) processes and the photon-photon absorption in the ambient photon fields. The angle dependence of the photon-photon and IC cross sections has been considered in the calculations.Results: .We reproduce the main features of the observed light curves from LS I +61 303 at radio, X-rays, high-energy (HE), and very high-energy (VHE) gamma-rays, and the whole spectral energy distribution.Conclusions: .Our model is able to explain the radio to TeV orbital variability taking into account that radiation along the orbit is strongly affected by the variable accretion rate, the magnetic field strength, and by the ambient photon field via dominant IC losses and photon-photon absorption at periastron.Fil: Bosch Ramon, Valentí. Universidad de Barcelona; EspañaFil: Paredes, Josep Maria. Universidad de Barcelona; EspañaFil: Romero, Gustavo Esteban. Provincia de Buenos Aires. Gobernación. Comisión de Investigaciones Científicas. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata. Instituto Argentino de Radioastronomía; ArgentinaFil: Ribó, Marc. Universidad de Barcelona; Españ

An actual condition survey on “career development regarding cancer nursing”

本研究の目的は，看護職者のキャリアディベロップメント支援のための継続教育プログラムの構築の基礎資料を得るために，A県下の看護職者のがん看護に関する学習状況やキャリア志向の実態を明らかにすることである．A県下病床数１００床以上の外・内科を併設する病院１７施設の看護職者１０１７名中６８６名（回収率６７．５％）を分析対象とした．結果，がん看護に関する学習項目全てにおいて学習ニードが高かった．また，がん看護の学習機会を持つ者や学習の阻害要因はないと回答した者が多かった．職業的満足感では“看護の仕事にやりがいを感じている”“仕事上での目標がある”と回答した者が多く，“今の看護の仕事に満足している”とした者は約半数であった．がんに関する資格取得希望者は少なかった．がん看護に関する学習ニードと対象者の背景および学習機会，阻害要因，キャリア志向との関係については，学習機会があると回答した方が学習ニードの合計得点の平均値が高かった（P＜０．０５）．また，阻害要因があると回答した方が学習ニードの合計得点の平均値が高かった（P＜０．０５）．職業的満足感では“看護の仕事にやりがいを感じている”で〈そう思う群〉の方が学習ニードの合計得点の平均値が高かった（P＜０．０５）．“仕事上での目標がある”では〈そう思う群〉の方が学習ニードの合計得点の平均値が高かった（P＜０．０５）．“今の看護の仕事に満足している”では〈思わない群〉の方が学習ニードの合計得点の平均値が高かった（P＜０．０５）．資格取得希望者の方が学習ニードの合計得点の平均値が高かった（P＜０．０５）．以上より，がん看護に関する学習ニードの高さが示された．がん看護に関するキャリアディベロップにおいて，施設側と教育側の連携と学習ニードを充実させていくことが鍵となることが示唆された．The objective of this study was to elucidate the actual conditions of learning needs for cancer nursing and career-intended mind among nursing staff in Prefecture A in order to obtain basic information for establishing a continuing educational programs as support for developing a career of nursing staff. A survey was conducted on １０１７ nurses working at one of １７ hospitals with ≥１００ beds in Prefecture A that have both a department of surgery and a department of internal medicine. Answers from ６８６ nurses （response rate, ６７．５％）were analyzed. The results indicated that there was a high level of learning needs in all learning items regarding cancer nursing. In addition, many nurses answered that they had opportunities to learn cancer nursing or that they had no obstacles to learn. Regarding job satisfaction, many nurses answered that they “feel worthwhile in nursing work” and “have objectives in their jobs” and approximately half of them answered that they “are satisfied with current nursing work”. Few nurses had a desire to acquire qualifications for being engaged in a high level of cancer care. In comparison of average scores of learning needs, nurses who answered there was a learning opportunities have higher scores than total average scores（P＜０．０５）. In addition, learning need was high the one where had a hindrances to learning（P＜０．０５）. As for the learning needs regarding cancer nursing and the relations of the career intention, learning need was higher Agree group in “find nursing work rewarding” （P＜０．０５） and “have career objectives” （P＜０．０５）. Furthermore, learning need was higher Disagree group in “are satisfied with current nursing work” （P＜ ０．０５）. Learning need was higher a qualification applicant （P＜０．０５）. These findings indicate a high level of learning needs regarding cancer nursing. It is necessary for “career development regarding cancer nursing” to be filled up in cooperation and learning need

An Advanced Clinical Ontology

This article discusses a fundamental issues of medical ontology based on ontological theory. We focus on "anatomical structure of organs" and "abnormal states in the human body". On the basis of the investigation, we distinguish organ-specific types from those independent of any organ to maximize the explicitness of ontology. The next feature of our ontology is to allow on-demand reorganization of is-a hierarchy of diseases instead of one fixed hierarchy to cope with various viewpoints which physician might have. We also take care of the notorious issue related to conflict of is-a and part-of relations

「英語発音クリニック」大学エクステンションプログラムにおける英語発音指導：短期間の講座に求められるもの

This paper reports on “English Pronunciation Clinic,” as one of the extension programs at the English Society of Doshisha Women’s College and introduces the questionnaire results proving the meaning of continuing education for participants and the program designer. The program was offered from 2014 (fall) to 2018 (fall), twice a year, 5 classes per semester. Participants in the program ranged from undergraduates to adult learners. The results from the questionnaire taken from 12 participants (2016, fall) showed that 87% of them thought learning English pronunciation was helpful in accelerating their language study for school or work. 81% of them showed positive attitudes toward the pronunciation corrections done by the instructor, learning through phonetics theory and IPA symbols, using a PC for Internet practices. However, when asked regarding suggestions such as giving pronunciation evaluations scores, addingprograms focused on business English pronunciation, or a customized private program, only 41% of them showed a clear interest. The participants’ opinions in their free comments section were varied. They were analyzed and the results implied that the life-long learning takes place best when the instructor stays in the role of facilitator, since the learners already know their learning goals.実践報

女性がんサバイバーの心理的適応

The purpose of this study is to explore the psychological adjustments female cancer survivors undergo with respect to their femininity. Semi-structured interviews were performed with ２９ female cancer（breast or gynecologic cancer）survivors in their２０s to５０s. Qualitative descriptive study data was interpreted according to Krippendorff’s content analysis method. As a result, six categories were generated as psychological adjustments utilized by female cancer survivors from the viewpoint of femininity : “I like the way I am” ; “I am charming as a woman” ; “I live independently as a woman” ; “I am expanding my life as a woman” ; “I can feel connected with someone” ; and “I have graduated from pessimism.” These could be interpreted as psychological adaptations that reflect feminine emotions and reflect the strength and resilience of female cancer survivors. In order for female cancer survivors to adjust to living with cancer in a psychologically healthy way, it was suggested that nursing support was important to restore the feelings of the survivors from the perspective of these feminine characteristics

Vertebral Bone Mineral Density Measured with Dual Photon Absorptiometry Using a Gamma Camera: Clinical Application to Metabolic Bone Diseases

Dual photon absorptiometry (DPA) with a gamma camera, instead of a rectilinear scanner, has been developed for vertebral bone mineral density (BMD) measurement. The system consists of 50 mCi (1,850 MBq) 153-Gd as the emitting source, and an Anger-type gamma camera with a rectangular Nal (Tl) crystal and 22 photomultiplier tubes. The effective field of a view was enough to cover more than 3 vertebrae. With the patient sitting, data acquisition was performed. The spatial resolution and uniformity of the gamma camera were good. With the introduction of a correction equation, the error in calculated BMD due to body thickness was reduced. A data acquisition of 7.5 to 15 min led to a satisfactory C.V. value (less than 2.0%). The precision (1.63% of C.V. in vitro and 3.53% in vivo) and accuracy (r=0.999) of the BMD measurements were also good. Vertebral BMD values in 300 normal Japanese females decreased with aging. Although in involutional osteoporosis and secondary hyperparathyroidism both vertebral and radial % BMDs decreased, in steroid-induced osteoporosis and primary hyperparathyroidism, disproportionate bone loss (relatively lower in vertebral bone) was demonstrated. Thus, it was shown that a newly developed DPA system using a gamma camera provided sufficient precision and accuracy to quantificaticn of vertebral BMD, and its application should provide reliable information for clarification of the pathophysiology of metabolic bone diseases

Pyridoxal in the Cerebrospinal Fluid May Be a Better Indicator of Vitamin B6–dependent Epilepsy Than Pyridoxal 5′-Phosphate

Background We aimed to demonstrate the biochemical characteristics of vitamin B6–dependent epilepsy, with a particular focus on pyridoxal 5′-phosphate and pyridoxal in the cerebrospinal fluid. Methods Using our laboratory database, we identified patients with vitamin B6–dependent epilepsy and extracted their data on the concentrations of pyridoxal 5′-phosphate, pyridoxal, pipecolic acid, α-aminoadipic semialdehyde, and monoamine neurotransmitters. We compared the biochemical characteristics of these patients with those of other epilepsy patients with low pyridoxal 5′-phosphate concentrations. Results We identified seven patients with pyridoxine-dependent epilepsy caused by an ALDH7A1 gene abnormality, two patients with pyridoxal 5′-phosphate homeostasis protein deficiency, and 28 patients with other epilepsies with low cerebrospinal fluid pyridoxal 5′-phosphate concentrations. Cerebrospinal fluid pyridoxal and pyridoxal 5′-phosphate concentrations were low in patients with vitamin B6–dependent epilepsy but cerebrospinal fluid pyridoxal concentrations were not reduced in most patients with other epilepsies with low cerebrospinal fluid pyridoxal 5′-phosphate concentrations. Increase in 3-O-methyldopa and 5-hydroxytryptophan was demonstrated in some patients with vitamin B6–dependent epilepsy, suggestive of pyridoxal 5′-phosphate deficiency in the brain. Conclusions Low cerebrospinal fluid pyridoxal concentrations may be a better indicator of pyridoxal 5′-phosphate deficiency in the brain in vitamin B6–dependent epilepsy than low cerebrospinal fluid pyridoxal 5′-phosphate concentrations. This finding is especially helpful in individuals with suspected pyridoxal 5′-phosphate homeostasis protein deficiency, which does not have known biomarkers

Scintigraphic Findings of Bone and Bone-Marrow and Determination of Bone Mineral Density Using Photon Absorptiometry in Osteopetrosis

On a 15-year-old girl with osteopetrosis, bone and bonemarrow scintigraphy were performed. Also, bone mineral density (BMD) with quantitative CT (QCT), single photon absorptiometry (SPA) and dual photon absorptiometry (DPA) were measured. On bone scintigraphy the diffusely increased skeletal uptake and relatively diminished renal uptake were noted. On the other hand, on bone marrow scintigraphy poor accumulation in central marrow and peripheral expansion were shown. BMD value by QCT and DPA (mainly trabecular bone) was markedly high, while BMD by SPA (mainly cortical bone) was within normal range. Thus, it was shown that bone and bone-marrow scintigraphy combined with BMD measurement by photon absorptiometry were useful and essential in evaluating the pathophysiology of osteosclerosis