Correlation of MIC value and disk inhibition zone diameters in clinical Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 isolates

Item does not contain fulltextOBJECTIVES: Routine use of disk diffusion tests for detecting antibiotic resistance in Legionella pneumophila has not been described. The goal of this study was to determine the correlation of MIC values and inhibition zone diameter (MDcorr) in clinical L. pneumophila isolates. METHODS: Inhibition zone diameter of 183 L. pneumophila clinical isolates were determined for ten antimicrobials. Disk diffusion results were correlated with MICs as determined earlier with E-tests. RESULTS: Overall the correlation of MIC values and inhibition zone diameters (MDcorr) of the tested antimicrobials is good, and all antimicrobials showed a WT distribution. Of the tested fluoroquinolones levofloxacin showed the best MDcorr. All macrolides showed a wide MIC distribution and good MDcorr. The MDcorr for cefotaxim, doxycycline and tigecycline was good, while for rifampicin and moxifloxacin, they were not. CONCLUSION: Overall good correlation between MIC value and disk inhibition zone were found for the fluoroquinolones, macrolides and cefotaxim

Wild-type MIC distribution and epidemiological cut-off values in clinical Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 isolates.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to establish wild-type (WT) distributions and determine the epidemiological cut-off values (ECOFF) in clinical L. pneumophila serogroup 1 isolates for 10 antimicrobials commonly used for the treatment of Legionella infections using a method feasible in a routine clinical laboratory. METHODS: MICs of 183 clinical L. pneumophila serogroup 1 isolates, collected as part of an outbreak detection program, were tested using E-test methodology on buffered charcoal yeast extract agar supplemented with alpha-ketoglutarate (BCYE-alpha). The MICs were read after 2 days of incubation at 35 degrees C with increased humidity and without CO(2). ECOFFs were determined according to EUCAST methodology and expressed as WT </= X mg/L. RESULTS: All antimicrobials showed a WT distribution, although the width varied from 2 two-fold dilutions to 8 dilutions, depending on antibiotic class. The ECOFFs determined were 1.0 mg/L for ciprofloxacin, 0.50 mg/L for levofloxacin, 1.0 mg/L for moxifloxacin, 1.0 mg/L for erythromycin, 1.0 mg/L for azithromycin, 0.50 mg/L for clarithromycin, 1.0 mg/L for cefotaxime, 0.032 mg/L for rifampicin, 16 mg/L for tigecycline, and 8 mg/L for doxycycline. CONCLUSION: All isolates were inhibited by low concentrations of the fluoroquinolones and macrolides tested, with somewhat higher MICs for the fluoroquinolones. Rifampicin was found to be the most active against L. pneumophila isolates in vitro. These data can be used as a reference for the detection of resistance in clinical L. pneumophila isolates and as a setting of clinical breakpoints

Risk Factors for Bacteremia with Uropathogen Not Cultured from Urine in Adults with Febrile Urinary Tract Infection

Prevention, Population and Disease management (PrePoD

Risk Factors for Bacteremia with Uropathogen Not Cultured from Urine in Adults with Febrile Urinary Tract Infection

In a prospective study involving 642 patients with febrile urinary tract infection (UTI), we found antimicrobial pretreatment (odds ratio [OR], 3.3), an indwelling urinary catheter (OR, 2.8), and malignancy (OR, 2.7) to be independent risk factors for bacteremia with a uropathogen that was not cultured or recognized in the urine. Although the diagnostic value of blood cultures has been questioned in UTI, we advocate performing blood cultures for patients with these risk factors.Medical Microbiolog

Predictive Performance of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction Algorithms in People Living With HIV

Immunogenetics and cellular immunology of bacterial infectious disease

Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search

Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical science. © The Author(s) 2019. Published by Oxford University Press