PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN BUNGA PUKUL EMPAT (Mirabilis jalapa) TERHADAP JUMLAH SPERMATOZOA PADA MENCIT (Mus musculus) JANTAN

ABSTRAK PENGARUH EKSTRAK DAUN BUNGA PUKUL EMPAT (Mirabilis jalapa)TERHADAP JUMLAH SPERMATOZOA MENCIT (Mus musculus) JANTAN Oleh M.A.R Ibrahim Izzah Alhafidz Nur Abdullah Indonesia merupakan sebuah negara dengan urutan keempat dengan jumlah penduduk terbesar. Jumlah penduduk Indonesia di tahun 2019 diproyeksikan sebesar 267 juta jiwa (Bappenas 2019) Pesatnya pertumbuhan penduduk yang meningkat akan menyebabkan pemerintah menghadapi kesulitan dalam menyediakan kebutuhan dasar penduduk seperti sandang, pangan, papan dan pekerjaan serta pendapatan rakyat. Menurut Lembaga Pemerintah Non kementrian melalui BKKBN mengatasi dengan berbagai cara salah satunya adalah dengan mengeluarkan Program Keluarga Berencana (KB). Pelayanan KB hampir semuanya ditujukan untuk wanita dan memberikan sedikit perhatian dalam penggunaan kontrasepsi bagi pria yang efektif dan konsisten. Terlebih lagi program KB yang ditunjukan oleh keluarga untuk kemasalahatan keluarganya agar menjadi keluarga kecil bahagia dan sejahtera Salah Satu tanaman yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai antifertilitas adalah Bunga pukul empat termasuk kedalam anggota familia Nyctaginaceae, ordo Cenrospermae. Tanaman ini sangat mudah tumbuh di daerah tanah yang cukup mengandung unsur hara dan terlindungi dari sinar matahari. Kandungan kimia yang terdapat pada tanaman bunga pukul empat (Mirabilis jalapa) yaitu saponin, lavonoda, alkaloid, tannin, politenol, dan flavonoida. Pemanfaatan bunga pukul empat sebagai obat antifertilitas pada mencit merupakan solusi untuk melestarikan tumbuhan Mirabilis jalapa atau bunga pukul empat sehingga memperkaya manfaat tumbuhan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak daun bunga pukul empat terhadap jumlah spermatozoa pada mencit jantan.Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian eksperemental dengan menggunakan teknik Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 kelompok perlakuan. Perlakuan kelompok yang tidak diberi perlakuan K1 : mencit yang diberi perlakuan ekstrak daun bunga pukul empat dengan dosis 100mg/gBB/hari P1 : mencit yang diberi perlakuan ekstrak daun bunga pukul empat dengan dosis 200mg/gBB/hari, P2 : mencit yang diberi perlakuan ekstrak daun bunga pukul empat dengan dosis 300mg/gBB/hari, P3: Parameter yang diamati dalam penelitian ini iii yaitu jumlah spermatozoa mencit jantan. Mencit jantan (Mus musculus) yang diinduksi daun bunga pukul empat menunjukan terjadinya penurunan jumlah spermatozoa. Seiring besarnya dosis yang diberikan maka akan semakin turun jumlah spermatozoanya Kata Kunci : Ekstrak Daun Bunga Pukul Empat (Mirabilis jalapa), Jumlah Spermatozoa, Mencit Jantan (Mus Musculus

Step towards the sustainable toxic dyes and heavy metals removal and recycling from aqueous solution- A comprehensive review

The synthetic dyes and chemicals used in industries produce a tremendous amount of contaminated water. Most of the poisonous dyes generated from different textileindustries are released directly to the environment. As a consequence, the discharge of wastewater from a large number of textile industries without prior treatment leads to significant negative impacts on human health. The utilization of efficient and inexpensive nano-adsorbent may reduce the adverse impacts of dyes in the environment due to their unique properties. To alleviate these issues, attention has been paid to develop efficient adsorbents for the removal of undesirable species from wastewater. Efficient and selective removal of dyes is gaining importance to reduce the environmental problems. Comparison of degradation efficiencyfor different catalysts could be a holistic approach that should be taken under consideration owing to search a suitable adsorbent. An in-depth evaluation of extensive variety of advanced adsorbents reported in literature for dye degradation has been furnished. In addition to underscoring the physico-chemical properties of different adsorbents, this review also endorses the mechanisms and efficiencies within the adsorption process. The challenges of dye degradation process are focused to reduce the adverse impacts of dyes in the environment. The critical assessment of next generation adsorbents would presumably be promoted the clean and affordable water purification process in practice

Development of skill performance test for talent identification in amateur skateboarding sport

Talent identification is a vital process of mapping out athletes with the potentiality to excel in the future sporting career. To ensure success in this process, appropriate skill test in tandem to the capability of the athlete level is required to avoid dropout and demotivation of the athletes. A variety of skateboarding tricks are available for testing and identification of potential skateboarders, however, many of such skills are hard to deliver properly particularly for amateurs. The present investigation is aimed at identifying the suitable skateboarding tricks that could be used for mapping out talent in amateur skateboarding. The most common skateboarding tricks that consisted of Ollie, Kickflip, Shove-it, Nollie and Frontside 180 were identified while an experienced amateur skateboarder executed each skill five times. A customized ORY skateboard integrated with IMU sensors were used to stream the data in real-time during the performance of the tricks. The average datasets from the acceleration and angular velocity of the x, y and z-axis were obtained and a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to study the dimension of the related data tricks as well as to identify the important trick manoeuvres that could be suitable for the level of the athlete’s performance. The results revealed that the dataset contained two dimensions based on the Eigenvalue analysis of the PCA whilst Ollie and Nollie tricks were identified to be the most important tricks due to their higher factor loading (>0.80). It is therefore postulated that the Ollie and Nollie tricks could be used as a skill related test for the identification of talented amateur skateboarders. This may be invaluable to coaches and talent scouters in saving time, effort as well as manpower during the talent identification program in this sport

30-day morbidity and mortality of sleeve gastrectomy, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass and one anastomosis gastric bypass: a propensity score-matched analysis of the GENEVA data

Background: There is a paucity of data comparing 30-day morbidity and mortality of sleeve gastrectomy (SG), Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), and one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB). This study aimed to compare the 30-day safety of SG, RYGB, and OAGB in propensity score-matched cohorts. Materials and methods: This analysis utilised data collected from the GENEVA study which was a multicentre observational cohort study of bariatric and metabolic surgery (BMS) in 185 centres across 42 countries between 01/05/2022 and 31/10/2020 during the Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. 30-day complications were categorised according to the Clavien–Dindo classification. Patients receiving SG, RYGB, or OAGB were propensity-matched according to baseline characteristics and 30-day complications were compared between groups. Results: In total, 6770 patients (SG 3983; OAGB 702; RYGB 2085) were included in this analysis. Prior to matching, RYGB was associated with highest 30-day complication rate (SG 5.8%; OAGB 7.5%; RYGB 8.0% (p = 0.006)). On multivariate regression modelling, Insulin-dependent type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolaemia were associated with increased 30-day complications. Being a non-smoker was associated with reduced complication rates. When compared to SG as a reference category, RYGB, but not OAGB, was associated with an increased rate of 30-day complications. A total of 702 pairs of SG and OAGB were propensity score-matched. The complication rate in the SG group was 7.3% (n = 51) as compared to 7.5% (n = 53) in the OAGB group (p = 0.68). Similarly, 2085 pairs of SG and RYGB were propensity score-matched. The complication rate in the SG group was 6.1% (n = 127) as compared to 7.9% (n = 166) in the RYGB group (p = 0.09). And, 702 pairs of OAGB and RYGB were matched. The complication rate in both groups was the same at 7.5 % (n = 53; p = 0.07). Conclusions: This global study found no significant difference in the 30-day morbidity and mortality of SG, RYGB, and OAGB in propensity score-matched cohorts. © 2021, The Author(s)