Effects of dietary fish oil replacement by vegetable oil on the serum biochemical and haematological parameters of African catfish (Heterobranchus longifilis) fingerlings

The present study aimed to elucidate the impacts of dietary vegetable oil blends as alternative to fish oil on serum biochemical and haematological parameters in Heterobranchus longifilis fingerlings. Fish (4.65 ± 0.23g) were fed diets containing fish oil (FO), palm oil (PO), soybean oil (SO), blend of PO and SO (POSO) over a 12-week period. The experiment was carried out in 62-l circular tanks with 10 fish per tank. Fish were fed two times a day until apparent satiation. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected from each treatment for investigation of serum biochemical and haematological parameters. The results showed that total protein was not significantly affected by the different dietary lipid sources (p >0.05). However, serum glucose was significantly higher in fish fed the control diet (p0.05). These results indicate that FO can be replaced with PO, SO or their combinations in the diet of H. longifilis fingerlings without any negative health impacts

Design and Fabrication of a Convective Fish Dryer.

A simple convective fish dryer was designed and constructed to alleviate the problems associated with fish processing in Nigeria. It is made up of five main parts namely; the base frame which is fabricated from 40 x 40 x 3 mm angle iron bar with dimensions of 865 x 498 x 770 mm.; the drying chamber measuring 808 mm (length), 438 mm (width), and 648 mm (depth).; the drying cage/net measuring 720 x 350 x 36 mm which is constructed with a stainless wire mesh of 2.8mm diameter; the fan housing consisting of 3 fan blades measuring 520 x 100 x 2 mm; and three electric heating elements (3000 w, 6000 w, and 9000 w, respectively). The no–load evaluation (temperature profile) of the dryer showed the highest temperature of 110°C/drying chamber temperature in 30 minutes which is expected to give higher drying rate than the natural sun drying and open–fired drying methods

Effects of drying Temperatures on the Quality of Three Tilapia Fish Species

The effects of dryingtemperatur es on the quality of three tilapia fish species were reported. The fresh fish samplesobtained from local markets in Ibadan, Nigeria were dried in a convective fish dryer at 60°C , 90°/ 60°C( 90°C at initial stage and later at 60°C) and 90°C drying temperatures. The average microbial load ( Total viable bacteria,total coliform and total fungal counts) obtained from dried Mackerel, Pilchard and Herring for 8hrsduration ranged from 0.15 x 104 to 2.4 x10 4 Colonies per gram sample (cfug - 1 ). Th e Organoleptic analysis revealed that t he attributes (flavour, texture and colour ) of the three species dried at 90°/ 60°C were more appropriate and acceptable. The shelf – life obtained from the dried samples of Mackerel, Pilchard and Herring were 1, 2 and 2weeks; 2, 3 and 5 weeks and 1, 1 and 2 weeks at 60°C , 90°/ 60°C, 90°C drying tempera tures respectively. The results therefore suggested 90°/ 60°C drying temperature for fish drying

INFORMATION NEEDS OF FARMERS IN RABBIT PRODUCTION IN SAGAMU LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF OGUN STATE

This study determined the information needs of farmers involved in rabbit production in Sagamu Local Government Area of Ogun State. Sixty respondents involved in rabbit production were purposively selected, sampled and interviewed through a well structured interview schedule. The data obtained were analysed with the aid of frequency courts, percentages and cumulative percentages while Chi-square analysis was used for testing the research hypothesis. The various area where information is needed by the farmers involved in rabbit production include: identification of various rabbit diseases, factors causing pests and diseases in rabbits, methods of eliminating ecto-parasites, appropriate number of rabbits per cage, housing pattern, sources of suitable rabbit breeds, types of feed available for rabbits and weaning age for fryers. The findings revealed the demographic characteristics of the farmers involved in rabbit production and also revealed the different sources of information available to the respondents. Statistically, it was revealed that there was significant relationship between respondents’ level of education, contact with extension agents and number of rabbits kept and their information needs with the chi-square calculated values greater than the chi-square tabulated values in each factor

The Performance Evaluation Of a Convective Fish Dryer

The performance evaluation of a convective fish dryer was carried out under Ibadan climate in Nigeria using three different fish species namely: (Mackerel , Pilchard and Herring) that are commonly available in our markets. Samples of Mackerel , Pilchard and Herring were each dried at 60, 90/60( that is, 90°C at initial stage and later at 60°C) and 90°C drying chamber temperatures. Experimental results obtained from 8hrs of continuous drying showed reductions in the initial moisture contents 66.4, 72.0and 67.7 %(Mackerel); 66.8, 70.1,and 61.3% (Pilchard) and 64.6; 64.6 and 70.2%(Herring) to final moisture contents 16.1, 18.1 and 16.7%(Mackerel); 27.0, 23.7 and 15.2%(Pilchard) ; 23.3, 18.2 and 19.2%(Herring) respectively. However, visual observation and sensory inspection demonstrated no sign of dust or intrusion by insects and pests and the samples were of uniform brown colour after each drying experiment. Also, aroma and satisfactory flavour and texture that are known with drying of fish were detected and perceived

Determination of moisture diffusivity and activation energy in the convective drying of fish

The moisture diffusivity and activation energy of three tilapia fish varieties were determined under convective drying process (CDP). A locally fabricated drying system was used for the experiment at 60, 90/60 and 90 oC drying air temperatures. The drying rate showed falling rate period for all the drying processes with no sign of constant rate period. The moisture diffusivity values which increased with the increase in drying air temperature varied from 7.821 x 10-11 to 4.591 x 10-10 m2/s. The predicted Arrhenius constant and activation energy were 2.221 x 10-10 m2/s and 23.79 kJ/mol respectivel

A study of prominant crimes in Kwara state Nigeria

Nigeria has been experiencing high rate of criminal activities where crimes are being carried out with more perfect and sophistication for over ten years now. The recent amongst are the insurgent called Boko Haram who believed that western civilization of education for all is unlawful and the Avengers also called Militants in the Niger Delta part of Nigeria who believed the Government is cheating their people in that region. The data for this study contained records of different crime committed in Kwara states between 2004 and 2014. This research work is to: identify the prominent crime types; determine the association that existed between pairs of crime types; reduce the dimension of the data using statistical tools; and classify the crime types in different colonies. Principal Component, Biplot, correlation analysis and other statistical tools were utilized in this paper. The pair wise correlation test of significance table indicated that, out of the 45 pair wise correlations, only 6 are significant at 5% and these include; homicide-suicide, homicide-robbery, suicide-robbery, rape-theft, assault-broken, broken-theft and broken-unlawful. We observed that crime types such as assault, unlawful, broken and theft can be grouped together as the most frequent crimes committed; the prevailing cases occurred in the year 2006 and 2008. We also observed that, suicide, homicide and robbery formed the next group, which are more frequent in the year 2009, 2010 and 2011. Kidnapping and arson are not frequently committed but they are more prominent in the year 2012 and 2013. Rape formed the lowest standalone crime type committed and also less frequent with no year of prevailing occurrence.Keywords: Principal Component; Biplot; Correlation coefficient; Crimes; Kidnapping; Robbery; Suicide; Homicide; Unlawful; Theft