48 research outputs found
FEATURES OF THE PREPARATION FOR PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITY IN CHEMICAL FORMATION OF THE SPECIALISTS OF THE ENGINEERING PROFILE
Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΊ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π² ΠΎΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΡΠΎΠ² ΠΈΠ½ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΡThe article is devoted to the formation of readiness for professional activities in pedagogical education of engineering specialist
Evolution of microstructure in stainless martensitic steel for seamless tubing
Scanning electron microscopy with orientation analysis by the electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) method is used to study microstructures and textures formed in the 0.08C-13Cr-3Ni-Mo-V-Nb steel through seamless tube production route: after hot deformation by extrusion; after quenching from various temperatures and subsequent high tempering. It is shown that the martensitic microstructure formed both after hot deformation and after quenching is characterized by the presence of deformation crystallographic texture, which is predetermined by the texture of austenite. The effect of heat treatment on texture, packet refinement, lath width, precipitation of carbides and Charpy impact energy is analyzed. Β© 2017 Author(s).The work was done using the equipment of the laboratory of Structural Methods of Analysis and Properties of materials and nanomaterials of the Collective Use Center affiliated to Ural Federal University. The study was supported by the program of increasing the competitiveness of the leading Russian universities, RF Government resolution No. 211, contract No. 02.Π03.21.0006. We are grateful to the TMK company for their support and assistance in organizing the study
The case of bronchial asΡma combination with ehead ahalasia in a teenager of 17-years
The most common cause of asthma-like conditions is the pathology of the upper gastrointestinal tract, clinically manifesting difficulty breathing (sometimes in combination with dysphagia) and the presence of cough. The given clinical observation of the disease of a 17-year-old patient with a combination of bronchial asthma and esophageal achalasia allows to focus on the features of diagnosis and optimal treatment of such patients.ΠΠ°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΈΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ²Π»ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ Π²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΡΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΆΠ΅Π»ΡΠ΄ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΠΊΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ°, ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ²Π»ΡΡΡΠ°ΡΡΡ Π·Π°ΡΡΡΠ΄Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄ΡΡ
Π°Π½ΠΈΡ (ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° Π² ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π΄ΠΈΡΡΠ°Π³ΠΈΠ΅ΠΉ) ΠΈ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ»Ρ. ΠΡΠΈΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ΅ Π½Π°Π±Π»ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Ρ 17- Π»Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Ρ ΡΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π±ΡΠΎΠ½Ρ
ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΠΌΡ ΠΈ Π°Ρ
Π°Π»Π°Π·ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΈΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ΅Ρ Π°ΠΊΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΡ Π²Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π½Π° ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ
Π΄ΠΈΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ Π»Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ±Π½ΡΡ
Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΠΠ ΠΠ©ΠΠΠΠ Π‘ ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ«ΠΠ Π ΠΠΠΠΠΠΠ’ΠΠΠΠ«ΠΠ ΠΠ’Π₯ΠΠΠΠΠ: ΠΠ ΠΠΠ ΠΠ‘Π‘ ΠΠ ΠΠΠ’ΠΠ§ΠΠ‘ΠΠΠ ΠΠΠ―Π’ΠΠΠ¬ΠΠΠ‘Π’Π Π ΠΠΠ’Π£ΠΠΠ¬ΠΠ«Π ΠΠΠΠΠ§Π
The article covers methodological approaches for substantiating the assignment of radioactive wastesΒ (RAO) to special radioactive wastes, as well as the results of its practical application within initial registration of RAO.ΠΠ±ΡΡΠΆΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡΡ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Β ΠΊ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±ΡΠΌ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌ ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΠΌ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉΒ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π ΠΠ
Using the questionnaire (ohip-49) for life quality estimation in patients with hard tissue and dentition lesions treated by ceramic restorations
Questionnaire OHIP used for estimation of life quality in 40 somatic intact patients (mean age 45.9) before and after treatment by zirconia dioxide supported ceramic restorations, feldspar ceramic and Β«Π-maxΒ» pressed ceramic restorations.Π£ 40 ΡΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΎΡ
ΡΠ°Π½Π½ΡΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ² (ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΡΠ°ΡΡ 45,9 Π»Π΅Ρ) Ρ ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠΎΡΡΡ ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° 0HIP-49 ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠ΅Π·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ²ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΊΠ°ΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠΊΡΠΈΠ΄Π° ΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡ, Π»ΠΈΠ±ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²ΠΎΡΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π»ΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ Β«Π-ΡΠ°Ρ
Β»
SHEAR BANDS IN STABLE ORIENTATIONS OF BCC-METALS AT DEFORMATION
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ (EBSD) Π±ΡΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ ΡΠ΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π° (ΠΠ‘) Π² ΡΡΠ°Π±ΠΈΠ»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΏΡΠΈ Ρ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΠ¦Π-ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ (Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅ Feβ3%Si ΠΈ Mo). Π ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»Π°Ρ
{111} ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΠ‘ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΎΠΉ Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊ {110}, Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π² ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊ Ξ£9. Π ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»Π°Ρ
{112}β¦{111} ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΠ‘ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΊ {110}, Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π² ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊ Ξ£5. Π ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»Π°Ρ
{110} ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΠ‘ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠΈ Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΊ {100}, Π½Π°Ρ
ΠΎΠ΄ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ Ρ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π² ΡΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊ Ξ£5. Π ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»Π°Ρ
{001} ΠΠ‘ Π½Π΅ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΡΡ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ Π²ΠΎ Π²ΡΠ΅Ρ
ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π·ΡΡΡΡΡ ΠΠ‘ Π΄Π²ΡΡ
ΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ², ΠΎΡΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ΅ΡΡ ΡΠ³Π»Π°ΠΌΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΊΠ»ΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΊ ΠΏΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅ΠΏΠ΅Π½ΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡ.The method of orientation microscopy (EBSD) was investigated by the crystallographic characteristics of shear bands (SBs) formation in the stable by cold rolling orientations of the BCC lattice (Feβ3% Si and Mo). In crystals {111} are formed of SB with the orientation approximate to {110}, which is a matrix in a special orientation near to Ξ£9. In crystals {112}...{111} SB are generated with orientations approximate to {110}, which is a matrix in a special orientation near to Ξ£5. In crystals {110} are formed of SB with orientations approximate to {100}, which is a matrix in a special orientation near to Ξ£5. In crystals {001} SBs are not formed. It is shown that in all orientations of SB are formed of two types with different angles of inclination to the plane of rolling and the degree of scattering orientation within the bands.Π Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π° Π² ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΠΠΠΈΠ Π Π€ (Π·Π°Π΄Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ β 11.1465.2014/K). ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡΡ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ°ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠ·Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΡ Π·Π° ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΌΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΠΈ Π²Π΅Π΄ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ² Π Π€ Π² ΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡ
ΠΏΠΎΠ²ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ β 211 ΠΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΡΡΠ²Π° Π Π€ β 02.Π03.21.0006
Medical university students and facial masks usage. new aspects of safety in COVID-19 pandemic
Aspects of morphology, epidemiology and pathogen microorganism resistance of Covid-19 are presented in article. Data of the incidence and use of personal protective equipment are presented according to the survey of the student community of USMU. Current personal protective equipment requirements and standards are analyzed according with regulatory documents. Pharmacy and retail conditions of mask sales were discoveredΠ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π²ΠΎΠΏΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΡΡΠΎΠΉΡΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΡΠΈ Π²ΠΎ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠ° Covid-19. ΠΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π²Π°Π΅ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ² ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ ΠΏΠΎ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌ Π°Π½ΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° Π£ΠΠΠ£. ΠΡΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π΄Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΊ ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ²Π°ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΡ Π² ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠΈ Ρ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠΊΡΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΠ»ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠΉ ΡΠ΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΠΊ Π² ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
Π°ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠ³ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ
Evolutionary aspects of thymology in pediatric practice
The thymus is now considered a derivative of the immune system being, to greater extent, its central organ. Immunodeficiency states and immune dysregulation also depend on the quality of the thymus, which may be determined both genetically and by fetopathic approach as well as due to the possibility and mode of its intravital injuries, age-related involution over different periods of life. Not accidentally, there are various morphometric bipolar states of the thymus gland in the pediatric population (3-7%), whereas its size may be sufficiently larger or smaller than the reference variable values. In certain cases, the phenomenon of thymomegaly (for example, in newborns) is considered a result of genetic errors (neuro-endocrine-immune syndrome with thymomegaly) induced by the mutated Hox genes. This syndrome may also be associated with congenital heart disorders. Moreover, the excessive morbidity in respiratory infections (commonly, viral by their etiology) among young children with bipolar thymus conditions remains the subject of sharp discussions. Some works assessing immune status in the children subjected to forced thymectomy, e.g., during heart surgery, yielded quite controversial results, even in cases of subtotal removal of thymus gland.Dialectically, the concepts of βmorphologyβ and βorgan functionβ could not be separated from one another. The morphometric transformations in organs (even transient ones) occuring within the range of > 95 and < 5 percentiles, should be almost always underlied by a certain pathomorphosis which require verification of their causes and origin. Even today, however, the assessment of thymus pathomorphology in the deceased children is not always critical, being often descriptive. This situation is, probably, associated with extreme complexity of thymic morphology assessment. The final point seems to be not set in the discussion about immunodeficiency states or immune dysregulation among children with bipolar thymus transformations. This is due to current absence of reliable immune-mediated biomarkers, the limited availability of genetic diagnostics in primary immunodeficiency conditions, and a decreased interest of clinical science in the issues of bipolar conditions of the thymus gland at the early age, in the absence of longitudinal observations in this category of patients, etc. In this article, the authors attempt to draw attention of researchers to this problem
TEXTURAL HEREDITY IN THE PRODUCTION PROCESS OF SEAMLESS TUBES FROM STAINLESS MARTENCITE STEEL
ΠΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΌΠΈΠΊΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΏΠΈΠΈ (EBSD) ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎ-ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠΎΡΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΡ Π² Π±Π΅ΡΡΠΎΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΡΡΠ±Π°Ρ
ΠΈΠ· Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡ
ΡΠΎΠΌΠΈΡΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠ° ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π³ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΊΠΈ Ρ Π²ΡΡΠΎΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΡΠΏΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ. ΠΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ½Π°Ρ ΡΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ°, ΡΡΠΎΡΠΌΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π³ΠΎΡΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ, ΡΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ°Π»ΠΊΠΈ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΏΡΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ·ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡ Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ Π²ΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ°Π»Π»ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΡΡ, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΎΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΡΡΠΎΠΉ Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠ°.Formation features of structural-texture state were studied with orientational microscopy method (EBSD). These formation features were in seamless pipes from high-chromium martensitic class steels after hot deformation and subsequent hardening with high tempering. It is shown, that the formed martensitic structure both after hot deformation and after quenching with tempering is characterized by the presence of a pronounced limited crystallographic texture predetermined with deformation texture of the austenite.Π Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ° Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½Π° Ρ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π»Π°Π±ΠΎΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΠΈ Β«Π‘ΡΡΡΠΊΡΡΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΈ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠΉΡΡΠ² ΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Π½Π°Π½ΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ²Β» Π¦ΠΠ Π£ΡΠ€Π£. ΠΠ²ΡΠΎΡΡ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΡΡ ΠΠΠ Β«Π’ΠΠΒ» Π·Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅ΡΠΆΠΊΡ ΠΈ ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π² ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΡΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΠΎΠ·Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π° ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π·Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²
This paper focuses on occupational and public exposure during operation of disposal facilities receiving liquid and solid radioactive waste of various classes and provides a comparative analysis of the relevant doses: actual and calculated at the design stage. Occupational and public exposure study presented in this paper covers normal operations of a radioactive waste disposal facility receiving waste. Results: Analysis of individual and collective occupational doses was performed based on data collected during operation of near-surface disposal facilities for short-lived intermediate-, lowand very low-level waste in France, as well as nearsurface disposal facilities for long-lived waste in Russia. Further analysis of occupational and public doses calculated at the design stage was completed covering a near-surface disposal facility in Belgium and deep disposal facilities in the United Kingdom and the Nizhne-Kansk rock massive (Russia). The results show that engineering and technical solutions enable almost complete elimination of internal occupational exposure, whereas external exposure doses would fall within the range of values typical for a basic nuclear facility. Conclusion: radioactive waste disposal facilities being developed, constructed and operated meet the safety requirements effective in the Russian Federation and consistent with relevant international recommendations. It has been found that individual occupational exposure doses commensurate with those received by personnel of similar facilities abroad. Furthermore, according to the forecasts, mean individual doses for personnel during radioactive waste disposal would be an order of magnitude lower than the dose limit of 20 mSv/year. As for the public exposure, during normal operation, potential impact is virtually impossible by delaminating boundaries of a nuclear facility sanitary protection zone inside which the disposal facility is located and can be solely attributed to the use of public roads during radioactive waste transportation to the disposal facility site.Β Π¦Π΅Π»Ρ ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΡΡ β ΡΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠΉ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΡ
ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΠΌΡΡ
Π½Π° ΡΡΠ°ΠΏΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄ΠΎΠ· ΠΎΠ±Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π° ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π·Π°Ρ
ΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ΄ΠΊΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΄ΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΊΠ»Π°ΡΡΠΎΠ². Π ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ
Π½Π°ΡΡΠΎΡΡΠ΅ΠΉ ΡΡΠ°ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠ°ΡΡΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ Π²Π°ΡΠΈΠ°Π½Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π° ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠ° Π·Π°Ρ
ΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π² ΡΠ΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ². Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΡΠ°ΡΡ: Π²ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ»Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠ· ΠΎΠ±Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°Ρ
ΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΊΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ΅Π΄Π½Π΅Π°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
, Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½Ρ Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π²ΠΎ Π€ΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Π·Π°Ρ
ΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ»Π³ΠΎΠΆΠΈΠ²ΡΡΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ. ΠΡΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ· ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΊ Π΄ΠΎΠ· ΠΎΠ±Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π° ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π΄Π»Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΡ
Π½ΠΎΡΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ»ΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΠ΅Π»ΡΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π³Π»ΡΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π·Π°Ρ
ΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π² ΠΠ΅Π»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ±ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΠΈΠΆΠ½Π΅ΠΊΠ°Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠΈΠ²Π΅ (Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΉΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡ). Π’Π΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΄Π°Π΅ΡΡΡ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΎΡΡΡΡ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠΈΡΡ Π²Π½ΡΡΡΠ΅Π½Π½Π΅Π΅ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π°, Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ Π²Π½Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠΈΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΠ°ΠΏΠ°Π·ΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ
Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠ½ΡΠΌ ΠΈ Π΄Π»Ρ Π±Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²ΡΡ
ΡΠ΄Π΅ΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ. ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅: ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΊ ΡΠΎΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ, ΡΠΎΠΎΡΡΠΆΠ°Π΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ½ΠΊΡΡ Π·Π°Ρ
ΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ΄Π°Π»ΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΡ
ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΡΠΎΠΎΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡ Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΡΡΡΠΈΠΌ Π² Π ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡΠΌ Π±Π΅Π·ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ, ΡΠΎΠ³Π»Π°ΡΡΡΡΠΈΠΌΡΡ Ρ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡΠ½Π°ΡΠΎΠ΄Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΄Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈ. ΠΡΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΎ, ΡΡΠΎ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π° ΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠΌΡ Ρ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΡΠΌΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡΠΎΠ»Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π° Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ½ΡΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ² Π² Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π°Ρ
. Π‘ΡΠ΅Π΄Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ΡΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΡΠ΅ Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ ΠΎΠ±Π»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°Π»Π° ΠΏΡΠΈ Π·Π°Ρ
ΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡΠΎΠ³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡΡΡΡΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠΊ Π½ΠΈΠΆΠ΅ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π° Π΄ΠΎΠ·Ρ β 20 ΠΌΠΠ²/Π³ΠΎΠ΄. ΠΠΎΠ·Π΄Π΅ΠΉΡΡΠ²ΠΈΠ΅ Π½Π° Π½Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈ Π½ΠΎΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΊΠ»ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ ΡΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ-Π·Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ Π·ΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠ° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΡΠΎΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ½Π΅ΡΠ³ΠΈΠΈ, Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΡΠΎΠΉ ΡΠ°Π·ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ° ΠΏΠΎ Π·Π°Ρ
ΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ², ΠΈ Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠ»ΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΏΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΠΎ Π΄ΠΎΡΠΎΠ³Π°ΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΊ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΠΏΡΠ½ΠΊΡΠ° Π·Π°Ρ
ΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈΠΎΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΡΡ
ΠΎΡΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ².