Chronic respiratory pathology and life quality of the adolescents living in industrial centers

At present the pathology of laryngeal and respiratory organs is known to prevail in the structure of the child and adolescent morbidity in the industrial centers of the northern and eastern regions of the country and their proportion reaches 70 %. The disease symptoms of the respiratory tracts (the obstacle nose, discomfort and throat tickling as well as the hoarseness) and especially their complications may lead to the decrease in the life quality of children and adolescents. Taking into account that at present time it is impossible to remove technogenic air pollution totally, the complex studies on revealing the unfavorable factors, which may influence the organisms of the children and adolescents, are known to be the prior task of the preventive medicine. The aim of the study was to examine the frequency chronic respiratory pathology and influence on the adolescents life quality of industrial centers of Irkutsk region with different levels of technogenic pollution. 410 adolescents (14-17 years) for a long time living in the regions with the different air pollution levels air with the developed oil-chemical and industries were examined. The differences in the structure of chronic respiratory pathology were revealed in the examined adolescents: under conditions of the air pollution with a complex of chemical compounds with a high Hasard Index (HI = 17) the respiratory diseases prevail, and with the medium level (HI = 3,6) the nasal diseases prevail. It was found that that about 12,6 % of the morbidity variability in the category of the respiratory organs, in particular the throat pathology in the teenagers may be correlated with the air pollution. The more significant factors of forming the chronic respiratory pathology were found to be the health state, characterized by the laboratory indices (common microbial number of the nasal cavity and the pharynx; activity of lysocyme); chemical inhalation exposure; the work of the parents under harmful conditions during the period before child birth. The study results may be considered as the basis for the optimization of the approaches to the diagnostics and prevention of the respiratory pathology of adolescents

AUTOANTIBODIES CONTENTS OF TEENAGERS WITH CHRONIC DISEASES OF THE UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT LIVING IN THE INDUSTRIAL CENTRE

Environmental conditions may be a prerequisite for the development of various pathological processes in individuals living in environmentally disadvantaged areas. The respiratory system is the first target of the pollutants. Therefore, respiratory diseases occupy the first place in the overall morbidity. The aim of this work was to study the content of autoantibodies in blood serum of teenagers with chronic disease of the upper respiratory tract, living in air pollution emissions of the petrochemical industry. Teenagers from industrial center living near petrochemical company and "sleeping areas" were examined. Otolaryngologist conducted a survey to assess the state of the upper respiratory tract (URT). In each of the areas individuals with and without chronic diseases of the URT were isolated. The content of IgG antibodies in the serum to antigens that characterizes the general state of the immune system (the native DNA, p2-glycoprotein I, Fc-fragment of IgG) was studied by enzyme immunoassay. Statistical processing of the results was performed using nonparametric methods software package «Statistica 6.0». Diseases of the respiratory system take the first place (42.9 %) in the structure of morbidity level. According to anamnestic data more often were the following disorders: chronic tonsillitis (18,9 ± 2,6 %), chronic pharyngitis (6,8 ± 1,7 %), acute respiratory infections (42,3 ± 3,32 %). Comparison of the incidence of chronic diseases of the upper respiratory tract infections in teenagers found that cases of chronic tonsillitis were observed in 45,0 ± 4,9 % of schoolchildren living near the industrial plant and 33,3 ± 4,3 % of teenagers from residential areas, cases of chronic pharyngitis - in 12,7± 3,3 % and5± 1,9 %, respectively. In teenagers from the «sleeping areas» with chronic diseases of the URT the level of auto-antibodies to p2-glycoprotein I was lower than one in healthy children from the same area due to the greater number of cases of lower values. In the group of teenagers with chronic diseases of the URTfrom environmentally disadvantaged areas children with high content of antibodies to p2-glycoprotein I were more common than in the groups of healthy teenagers living in the same area. The findings suggest that there is activation of the immune system in healthy schoolchildren living in a «sleeping areas" of the industrial city. It can be assumed that the detected changes in the content of autoantibodies may indicate features for the adaptive processes under development pressure because of the surveyed students identified isolated cases of hypo- or hyperimmunoreactivity of specific autoantibodies

Content of autoantibodies in teenagers with chronic pathology of upper respiratory tract who live in an industrial center

Conditions of environment can become causes of developments of different pathologic processes in people, living in ecologically unfavorable regions. The aim. of the work was to study contents of autoantibodies in blood serum of teenagers with chronic pathology of respiratory tract living in areas contaminated with emissions of petrochemical industry. We examined teenagers living near petrochemical industry and. in commuter towns. In each area people with and. without chronic pathology of respiratory tract were marked out. We studied the levels of serum autoantibodies to antigens that characterize condition of immune system. (nDNA, β2-glycoprotein I, Fc-enzyme, IgG). The changes of autoantibodies contents can tell about peculiarities of course of adaptive processes in teenagers living in the conditions of technogenic load

Calculation of inductances of stator’s windings in induction motor with ring windings by «ANSYS» and «ANSYS Maxwell»

In the paper algorithm for inductances calculation of stator windings in an induction motor with ring windings by «ANSYS» and «ANSYS Maxwell» is considered. The work presents the order of setting of the parameters required for the calculation in the model. In the course of the work, the basic expressions used by the programs for deriving matrices of inductances are determined, the results are analyzed, and recommendations are given to the user for carrying out such calculations.В статье рассматривается алгоритм расчета индуктивностей обмоток статора в асинхронном двигателе с кольцевыми обмотками с помощью прикладных программных пакетов «ANSYS» и «ANSYS Maxwell». В работе указывается порядок задания параметров в модели, необходимых для расчета. В ходе работы определяются основные выражения, используемые программами для вывода матриц индуктивностей, анализируются полученные результаты

Natural Afforestation on Abandoned Agricultural Lands during Post-Soviet Period: A Comparative Landsat Data Analysis of Bordering Regions in Russia and Belarus

Remote monitoring of natural afforestation processes on abandoned agricultural lands is crucial for assessments and predictions of forest cover dynamics, biodiversity, ecosystem functions and services. In this work, we built on the general approach of combining satellite and field data for forest mapping and developed a simple and robust method for afforestation dynamics assessment. This method is based on Landsat imagery and index-based thresholding and specifically targets suitability for limited field data. We demonstrated method’s details and performance by conducting a case study for two bordering districts of Rudnya (Smolensk region, Russia) and Liozno (Vitebsk region, Belarus). This study area was selected because of the striking differences in the development of the agrarian sectors of these countries during the post-Soviet period (1991-present day). We used Landsat data to generate a consistent time series of five-year cloud-free multispectral composite images for the 1985–2020 period via the Google Earth Engine. Three spectral indices, each specifically designed for either forest, water or bare soil identification, were used for forest cover and arable land mapping. Threshold values for indices classification were both determined and verified based on field data and additional samples obtained by visual interpretation of very high-resolution satellite imagery. The developed approach was applied over the full Landsat time series to quantify 35-year afforestation dynamics over the study area. About 32% of initial arable lands and grasslands in the Russian district were afforested by the end of considered period, while the agricultural lands in Belarus’ district decreased only by around 5%. Obtained results are in the good agreement with the previous studies dedicated to the agricultural lands abandonment in the Eastern Europe region. The proposed method could be further developed into a general universally applicable technique for forest cover mapping in different growing conditions at local and regional spatial levels