Complex therapy against toxascariosis of caged silver foxes

The purpose of the research is evaluating the efficacy of complex therapy using dironet, lactobifadol and keratin food supplement (DLK) against toxascariosis of the arctic fox.Materials and methods. To determine the helminth fauna in the conditions of Vyatka Fur Breeding Farm, 61 females silver fox and 55 females voilevoy arctic fox were used as study objects. To conduct complex therapy against toxascariosis, the study object was 24 females culled from the breeding herd, spontaneously infected with toxascariosis and being clinically healthy. The morphological and biochemical blood parameters in female foxes were determined before and after dehelminthization, and control weighing of animals from experimental groups was carried out before and after the experiment.Results and discussion. Of the studied 116 fur-bearing animals, 26 (22.4%) were infected with Toxascaris leonina. Infection rate of Toxascaris sp. in silver fox females aged 5–7 years was 42.6% when 7-9 eggs were found in one microscope field (magnification 7 × 9). Infection with Toxascaris sp. affects on the body weight of infected animals. The females silver fox from the second experimental group infected with Toxascaris sp., which were not treated, had an average live weight of 1.3 kg less (16.6%) as compared to the control. The complex therapy with the DLK treatment-and-prophylactic complex contributed to the improved metabolic processes and digestion. The applicability of the DLK treatment-and-prophylactic complex for therapy against toxascariosis was proved

Organoleptic and physical and chemical parameters of Nubian goats’ milk at mixed infection with gastrointestinal nematodes from the suborder Strongylata

The purpose of the research is to determine the species composition of nematodes from the suborder Strongylata and to study organoleptic and physical and chemical parameters of the Nubian goats’ milk at strongylatoses of the digestive tract. Materials and methods. The study subjects were lactating Nubian goats aged 3 to 5 years from private farms in the Moscow Region. A total of 37 animals were examined. Faeces were studied by flotation methods per Fülleborn and KotelnikovKhrenov. To determine the species composition, partial helminthological dissections per K. I. Skryabin were used. In the infected animals from the experimental and control groups, organoleptic and physical and chemical milk parameters were studied prior to and after therapeutic measures using an anthelmintic with the active ingredient fenbendazole at a dose of 5 mg/kg. The deworming effectiveness was determined by the control test. Physical and chemical milk parameters were determined using an automatic Klever-2 milk analyzer, and organoleptic parameters were determined according to common methods pursuant to the effective GOST.Results and discussion. The lactating Nubian goats infected with gastrointestinal strongylates on the Moscow Region private farms amounted to 100% in the Podolsk Urban Okrug, and 88.2% in the Voskresensk Urban Okrug. The species composition was represented by 8 species, namely, Haemonchus сontortus, Ostertagia ostertagi, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, Nematodirus spathiger, N. filicollis, Cooperia оvina, and Bunostomum trigonocephalum. In the pre- and postdeworming milk studies, the organoleptic parameters corresponded to the effective GOST in appearance, texture, color and smell; the sweetish taste was only absent after deworming in the experimental goats. Gastrointestinal nematodes from the suborder Strongylata did not affect the organoleptic parameters of milk. However, the pre- and posttreatment weight fraction of fat changed from 2.90±0.30 to 5.40±0.22% in the experimental group

Effect of therapeutic and prophylactic complex DLK (Dironet, Lactobifadol, Forage Keratin) on the intestinal microbiocenosis of the Blue Frost fox at toxascariosis

The purpose of the research is determining the effect of the therapeutic and prophylactic complex of Dironet, Lactobifadol and fodder Keratin (DLK) on the qualitative and quantitative composition of the intestinal microflora affected by toxascariosis in the Blue Frost fox.Materials and methods. The research was carried out on the Fur Breeding Farm “Vyatka”, Slobodskoy District, the Kirov Region. The study objects were 24 female Blue Frost foxes culled from the breeding herd. To determine the quality of the skins obtained from the experimental animals, we sorted flint-dried skins.Results and discussion. After the introduction of the therapeutic and preventive complex DLK into the diet of sick animals, the positive dynamics was observed in the quantitative and qualitative composition of intestinal microorganisms. In animals of the experimental groups that were administered DLK, the number of bifidus bacteria, lactic bacteria and fecal enterococci increased; there was a significant decrease or complete absence of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms, fusobacteria, streptococci, clostridia, typical lactose-negative and hemolytic Escherichia, aureus and saprophytic staphylococcus, common Proteus and fungi of the Candida genus. In animals infected by Toxascaris leonina that did not receive the complex therapy, a decrease in lactic acid bacteria and an increase in the content of pathogenic and commensal microorganisms were noted. Under the output of the fur production, the infected animals showed the lowest percentage of skins in terms of quality of 7.16%, which was 0.38% less in comparison with healthy foxes, and 0.51% less in comparison with treated Blue Frost foxes

Распространение эндопаразитов у мелкого рогатого скота в условиях частных ферм

The purpose of the research is studying the spread of endoparasites of sheep and goats in conditions of private farms. Materials and methods. The studies were carried out in December 2019 in the conditions of private farms in the Kaluga and Tver Regions. The study subjects were sheep and goats of various sex and age groups (adult females and males aged 2–3 years and young animals aged up to 6 months). The material was feces taken from the animals’ rectum. Total 45 samples of feces from sheep and goats from a private farm in the Kaluga Region and 30 samples from sheep from a farm in the Tver Region were collected and studied. Studies for helminth eggs in feces were carried out using the flotation nethod according to the Kotelnikov-Khrenov and the Shcherbovich-Shilnikov method to detect larvae at pulmonary nematodosis. Results and discussion. As a result of coproovoscopic research methods, we found that intestinal parasites in farm in the Kaluga Region were represented by three genera of nematodes - Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus and Capillaria, as well as Protozoa of the genus Eimeria. Eggs of nematodes from the genus Trichostrongylus and Protozoa from the genus Eimeria were found in feces of sheep from the farm in the Tver Region. The infection rate with intestinal parasites in sheep and goats from two farms were similar. Pathogens from the genus Trichostrongylus prevailed, which was obviously associated with similar conditions for keeping and feeding small cattle on both farms. According to the results of fecal studies, the dominant parasitosis in animals from both farms were gastrointestinal strongylatosis. Цель исследований: изучение распространения эндопаразитов у овец и коз в условиях частных ферм.Материалы и методы. Исследования проводили в декабре 2019 г. в условиях частных ферм Калужской и Тверской областей. Объектами исследований были овцы и козы различных половозрастных групп (взрослые самки и самцы в возрасте 2–3-х лет и молодняк до 6 мес.). Материалом служили фекалии, отобранные из прямой кишки животных. Всего было собрано и исследовано 45 проб фекалий овец и коз с частной фермы в Калужской области и 30 проб овец с фермы в Тверской области. Исследования на наличие яиц гельминтов в фекалиях проводили методом флотации по Котельникову-Хренову и методом Щербовича-Шильникова для обнаружения личинок при легочных нематодозах. Результаты и обсуждение. В результате копроовоскопических методов исследований нами было установлено, что кишечные паразиты на ферме в Калужской области представлены тремя родами нематод – Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus и Capillaria, а также простейшими из рода Eimeria. В фекалиях овец с фермы в Тверской области были обнаружены яйца нематод из рода Trichostrongylus и простейшие из рода Eimeria. Зараженность кишечными паразитами овец и коз двух указанных ферм была схожей. Доминирующими являются возбудители из рода Trichostrongylus, что, очевидно, связано с похожими условиями содержания и кормления мелкого рогатого скота на обеих фермах. По результатам проведенных исследований фекалий, доминирующими паразитозами у животных обеих ферм являются желудочно-кишечные стронгилятозы.

Комплексная терапия при токсаскариозе песцов серебристых клеточного содержания

The purpose of the research is evaluating the efficacy of complex therapy using dironet, lactobifadol and keratin food supplement (DLK) against toxascariosis of the arctic fox.Materials and methods. To determine the helminth fauna in the conditions of Vyatka Fur Breeding Farm, 61 females silver fox and 55 females voilevoy arctic fox were used as study objects. To conduct complex therapy against toxascariosis, the study object was 24 females culled from the breeding herd, spontaneously infected with toxascariosis and being clinically healthy. The morphological and biochemical blood parameters in female foxes were determined before and after dehelminthization, and control weighing of animals from experimental groups was carried out before and after the experiment.Results and discussion. Of the studied 116 fur-bearing animals, 26 (22.4%) were infected with Toxascaris leonina. Infection rate of Toxascaris sp. in silver fox females aged 5–7 years was 42.6% when 7-9 eggs were found in one microscope field (magnification 7 × 9). Infection with Toxascaris sp. affects on the body weight of infected animals. The females silver fox from the second experimental group infected with Toxascaris sp., which were not treated, had an average live weight of 1.3 kg less (16.6%) as compared to the control. The complex therapy with the DLK treatment-and-prophylactic complex contributed to the improved metabolic processes and digestion. The applicability of the DLK treatment-and-prophylactic complex for therapy against toxascariosis was proved.Цель исследований: оценка эффективности комплексной терапии с использованием диронета, лактобифадола и кератина кормового (ДЛК) при токсаскариозе песцов серебристых.Материалы и методы. Для определения гельминтофауны в условиях ООО «Звероводческое племенное хозяйство «Вятка» объектами исследования служили 61 самка песца серебристого и 55 самок песца вуалевого. Для проведения комплексной терапии в отношении токсаскариоза объектом исследований были 24 самки, выбракованные из племенного стада, спонтанно инвазированные токсаскариозом и клинически здоровые. Определяли морфологические и биохимические показатели крови у самок песцов до и после дегельминтизации, а также проводили контрольное взвешивание зверей всех подопытных групп до и после эксперимента.Результаты и обсуждение. Из обследованных 116 голов пушных зверей 26 (22,4%) оказались инвазированными Toxascaris leonina. Зараженность токсаскарисами самок песца серебристого в возрасте 5–7 лет составила 42,6% при обнаружении в одном поле зрения микроскопа (ув. 7 × 9) 7–9 яиц. Паразитирование токсаскарисов влияет на живую массу инвазированных зверей. Зараженные токсаскарисами самки песца серебристого второй опытной группы, не подвергавшиеся лечению, имели живую массу, в среднем, на 1,3 кг меньше (16,6%) по сравнению с контролем. Комплексная терапия с применением лечебно-профилактического комплекса ДЛК способствовала нормализации обменных процессов и процесса пищеварения. Доказана целесообразность применения лечебно-профилактического комплекса ДЛК для терапии при токсаскариозе

Органолептические и физико-химические показатели молока коз нубийской породы при микстинвазии желудочно-кишечными нематодами из подотряда Strongylata

The purpose of the research is to determine the species composition of nematodes from the suborder Strongylata and to study organoleptic and physical and chemical parameters of the Nubian goats’ milk at strongylatoses of the digestive tract. Materials and methods. The study subjects were lactating Nubian goats aged 3 to 5 years from private farms in the Moscow Region. A total of 37 animals were examined. Faeces were studied by flotation methods per Fülleborn and KotelnikovKhrenov. To determine the species composition, partial helminthological dissections per K. I. Skryabin were used. In the infected animals from the experimental and control groups, organoleptic and physical and chemical milk parameters were studied prior to and after therapeutic measures using an anthelmintic with the active ingredient fenbendazole at a dose of 5 mg/kg. The deworming effectiveness was determined by the control test. Physical and chemical milk parameters were determined using an automatic Klever-2 milk analyzer, and organoleptic parameters were determined according to common methods pursuant to the effective GOST.Results and discussion. The lactating Nubian goats infected with gastrointestinal strongylates on the Moscow Region private farms amounted to 100% in the Podolsk Urban Okrug, and 88.2% in the Voskresensk Urban Okrug. The species composition was represented by 8 species, namely, Haemonchus сontortus, Ostertagia ostertagi, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, Nematodirus spathiger, N. filicollis, Cooperia оvina, and Bunostomum trigonocephalum. In the pre- and postdeworming milk studies, the organoleptic parameters corresponded to the effective GOST in appearance, texture, color and smell; the sweetish taste was only absent after deworming in the experimental goats. Gastrointestinal nematodes from the suborder Strongylata did not affect the organoleptic parameters of milk. However, the pre- and posttreatment weight fraction of fat changed from 2.90±0.30 to 5.40±0.22% in the experimental group.Цель исследований: определить видовой состав нематод из подотряда Strongylata и изучить органолептические и физико-химические показатели молока коз нубийской породы при стронгилятозах пищеварительного тракта.Материалы и методы. Объектами исследования были лактирующие козы нубийской породы в возрасте от 3 до 5 лет из частных хозяйств Московской области. Всего было обследовано 37 голов. Исследования фекалий проводили методами флотации по Фюллеборну и Котельникову-Хренову. Для определения видового состава применяли метод неполного гельминтологического вскрытия по К. И. Скрябину. У зараженных животных из опытной и контрольной групп были изучены органолептические и физико-химические показатели молока до и после проведения лечебных мероприятий с применением антигельминтика с действующим веществом фенбендазол в дозе 5 мг/кг. Эффективность проведенной дегельминтизации определяли по методу «контрольный тест». Физико-химические показатели молока определяли с помощью автоматического анализатора молока «Клевер-2», а органолептические – по общепринятым методикам в соответствии с действующим ГОСТ.Результаты и обсуждение. Зараженность лактирующих коз нубийской породы в частных хозяйствах Московской области стронгилятами пищеварительного тракта составила в г.о. Подольск 100, а в г.о. Воскресенск 88,2%. Видовой состав представлен 8 видами: Haemonchus сontortus, Ostertagia ostertagi, Trichostrongylus axei, T. colubriformis, Nematodirus spathiger, N. filicollis, Cooperia оvina, Bunostomum trigonocephalum. При исследовании молока до и после проведения дегельминтизации органолептические показатели соответствовали действующему ГОСТу по внешнему виду, консистенции, цвету и запаху, только сладковатый вкус отсутствовал после дегельминтизации у коз в опытной группе. Желудочно-кишечные нематоды из подотряда Strongylata не оказывали влияния на органолептические показатели молока. Однако, массовая доля жира в опытной группе до и после проведения лечебных мероприятий изменилась с 2,90±0,30 до 5,40±0,22%

Сезонная динамика зараженности европейских зубров стронгилятами желудочно-кишечного тракта

The purpose of the research is studying seasonal dynamics of gastrointestinal strongylatosis in bison in the Central Region of the Russian Federation.Materials and methods. The bison of different age and sex was studied in the Prioksko-Terrasny Nature Reserve, the Moscow Region. Fresh feces collected near feed troughs in enclosures in different seasons for three years were examined according to generally accepted methods. To analyze the infection rate of gastrointestinal strongylates in the European bison by months throughout the year, we took average monthly temperature and humidity values for 2018, 2019, and 2020 into account.Results and discussion. The maximum number of positive samples was diagnosed in the warm season of the year, namely, in summer and in the first months of autumn: August, September and October 2018 (79.3, 83.3 and 82.9%), August, October, November and December 2019 (73.7, 76.9, 77.1 and 77.8%), and June, July, August and October 2020 (85.6, 87.2, 88.0 and 86.3%). Ambient temperatures and precipitations affect significantly on the time of larvae development in the environment, which can be clearly seen in 2019. Цель исследований – изучение сезонной динамики заражения зубров стронгилятами желудочно-кишечного тракта на территории Центрального региона РФ.Материалы и методы. Исследования зубров различных половозрастных групп проводили в условиях Приокско-Террасного заповедника Московской области. Свежие фекалии, отобранные около кормушек в вольерах в различные сезоны года в течение трех лет, исследовали по общепринятым методикам. Для анализа зараженности европейских зубров стронгилятами желудочно-кишечного тракта по месяцам в течение года учитывали показатели среднемесячной температуры и влажности за 2018, 2019 и 2020 гг.Результаты и обсуждение. Максимальное число положительных проб диагностировано в теплый сезон года – летом и в первые месяцы осени – в 2018 году - август, сентябрь и октябрь (79,3, 83,3 и 82,9%), в 2019 г. – август, октябрь, ноябрь и декабрь (73,7, 76,9, 77,1 и 77,8%), в 2020 г. – июнь, июль, август и октябрь (85,6, 87,2, 88,0 и 86,3%). На сроки развития личинок в окружающей среде существенную роль оказывает температура окружающей среды и количество выпавших осадков, что четко прослеживается в 2019 г.

Распространение эндопаразитозов у зубров в различных регионах РФ

The purpose of the research is studying the distribution of endoparasitoses in bison in various regions of the Russian Federation.Materials and methods. The endoparasite fauna in bison was studied in 2018–2020 in the FSBI Prioksko-Terrasny Nature Biosphere Reserve (Moscow Region), the Bison Nursery of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences of the Altai Republic, the Bryansk Forest Nature Reserve (Bryansk Region), the Ugra National Park (Kaluga Region), the Vologda Region, and at the Department of Parasitology and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise of the Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – K. I. Skryabin MVA. We studied feces collected from bison of different sex and age groups near feeders in the runs, and in reserves, nurseries and in the wild. A total of 320 samples were collected and examined including 237 samples from the Prioksko-Terrasny Nature Biosphere Reserve, 15 samples from the Bison Nursery, 18 samples from the Bryansk Forest Nature Reserve, 29 samples from the Ugra National Park and 21 samples from wild bison from the Vologda Region. For helminth-coprological studies, we collected fresh feces of bison from the soil surface. The feces were examined according to generally accepted methods. The sequential washing technique was used to diagnose trematodiases, and the Kotelnikov-Khrenov and Fulleborn flotation methods were used to diagnose cestodoses, nematodoses and eimerioses.Results and discussion. The endoparasite fauna of the European bison was most diverse in the Prioksko-Terrasny Nature Biosphere Reserve, where we identified the parasitizing of two species of trematodes, one genus of cestodes, one species and four genera of nematodes and one genus of protozoa. All these pathogens parasitize both as mono- and mixed infections. One species of trematodes, one genus of nematodes and one genus of protozoa have been identified in the Ugra National Park. One genus and two genera of nematodes were found in the Bison Nursery of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences of the Altai Republic and in the Bryansk Forest Nature Reserve, respectively. The dominant were gastrointestinal strongylatoses.Цель исследований: изучить распространение эндопаразитозов у зубров в различных регионах РФ.Материалы и методы. Работу по изучению эндопаразитофауны у зубров проводили в 2018–2020 гг. в ФГБУ «Приокско-Террасный заповедник» (Московская область), в «Зубровом питомнике» СО РАН Республики Алтай, заповеднике «Брянский лес» (Брянская область), в Национальном парке «Угра» (Калужская область), в Вологодской области, а также на кафедре паразитологии и ветеринарно-санитарной экспертизы ФГБОУ ВО МГАВМиБ – МВА им. К. И. Скрябина. У зубров различных половозрастных групп исследовали фекалии, отобранные около кормушек в вольерах, а также на территории заповедников, питомника и в дикой природе. Всего было отобрано и исследовано 320 проб, в том числе 237 – из Приокско-Террасного заповедника, 15 – Зубрового питомника, 18 – заповедника «Брянский лес», 29 – Национального парка «Угра» и 21 – у вольноживущих зубров Вологодской области. Для гельминтокопрологических исследований собирали свежие фекалии зубров с поверхности почвы. Фекалии исследовали по общепринятым методикам. Для диагностики трематодозов применяли метод последовательных промываний, а цестодозов, нематодозов и эймериоза – методы флотации по Котельникову-Хренову и Фюллеборну.Результаты и обсуждение. Наиболее разнообразна эндопаразитофауна у европейских зубров в Приокско-Террасном заповеднике, где было установлено паразитирование двух видов трематод, одного рода цестод, одного вида и четырех родов нематод и одного рода простейших. Все указанные возбудители паразитируют как в виде моно-, так и микстинвазий. В Национальном парке «Угра» идентифицирован один вид трематод, один род нематод и один род простейших. В Зубровом питомнике СО РАН Республики Алтай и в заповеднике «Брянский лес» обнаружен один род и два рода нематод соответственно. Доминирующими являются стронгилятозы желудочно-кишечного тракта

Spread of Endoparasites of small cattle in conditions of Private Farms

The purpose of the research is studying the spread of endoparasites of sheep and goats in conditions of private farms. Materials and methods. The studies were carried out in December 2019 in the conditions of private farms in the Kaluga and Tver Regions. The study subjects were sheep and goats of various sex and age groups (adult females and males aged 2–3 years and young animals aged up to 6 months). The material was feces taken from the animals’ rectum. Total 45 samples of feces from sheep and goats from a private farm in the Kaluga Region and 30 samples from sheep from a farm in the Tver Region were collected and studied. Studies for helminth eggs in feces were carried out using the flotation nethod according to the Kotelnikov-Khrenov and the Shcherbovich-Shilnikov method to detect larvae at pulmonary nematodosis. Results and discussion. As a result of coproovoscopic research methods, we found that intestinal parasites in farm in the Kaluga Region were represented by three genera of nematodes - Trichostrongylus, Nematodirus and Capillaria, as well as Protozoa of the genus Eimeria. Eggs of nematodes from the genus Trichostrongylus and Protozoa from the genus Eimeria were found in feces of sheep from the farm in the Tver Region. The infection rate with intestinal parasites in sheep and goats from two farms were similar. Pathogens from the genus Trichostrongylus prevailed, which was obviously associated with similar conditions for keeping and feeding small cattle on both farms. According to the results of fecal studies, the dominant parasitosis in animals from both farms were gastrointestinal strongylatosis

Distribution of endoparasitoses in bison in various regions of the Russian Federation

The purpose of the research is studying the distribution of endoparasitoses in bison in various regions of the Russian Federation.Materials and methods. The endoparasite fauna in bison was studied in 2018–2020 in the FSBI Prioksko-Terrasny Nature Biosphere Reserve (Moscow Region), the Bison Nursery of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences of the Altai Republic, the Bryansk Forest Nature Reserve (Bryansk Region), the Ugra National Park (Kaluga Region), the Vologda Region, and at the Department of Parasitology and Veterinary and Sanitary Expertise of the Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology – K. I. Skryabin MVA. We studied feces collected from bison of different sex and age groups near feeders in the runs, and in reserves, nurseries and in the wild. A total of 320 samples were collected and examined including 237 samples from the Prioksko-Terrasny Nature Biosphere Reserve, 15 samples from the Bison Nursery, 18 samples from the Bryansk Forest Nature Reserve, 29 samples from the Ugra National Park and 21 samples from wild bison from the Vologda Region. For helminth-coprological studies, we collected fresh feces of bison from the soil surface. The feces were examined according to generally accepted methods. The sequential washing technique was used to diagnose trematodiases, and the Kotelnikov-Khrenov and Fulleborn flotation methods were used to diagnose cestodoses, nematodoses and eimerioses.Results and discussion. The endoparasite fauna of the European bison was most diverse in the Prioksko-Terrasny Nature Biosphere Reserve, where we identified the parasitizing of two species of trematodes, one genus of cestodes, one species and four genera of nematodes and one genus of protozoa. All these pathogens parasitize both as mono- and mixed infections. One species of trematodes, one genus of nematodes and one genus of protozoa have been identified in the Ugra National Park. One genus and two genera of nematodes were found in the Bison Nursery of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences of the Altai Republic and in the Bryansk Forest Nature Reserve, respectively. The dominant were gastrointestinal strongylatoses