Multilevel Clustering Fault Model for IC Manufacture

A hierarchical approach to the construction of compound distributions for process-induced faults in IC manufacture is proposed. Within this framework, the negative binomial distribution is treated as level-1 models. The hierarchical approach to fault distribution offers an integrated picture of how fault density varies from region to region within a wafer, from wafer to wafer within a batch, and so on. A theory of compound-distribution hierarchies is developed by means of generating functions. A study of correlations, which naturally appears in microelectronics due to the batch character of IC manufacture, is proposed. Taking these correlations into account is of significant importance for developing procedures for statistical quality control in IC manufacture. With respect to applications, hierarchies of yield means and yield probability-density functions are considered.Comment: 10 pages, the International Conference "Micro- and Nanoelectronics- 2003" (ICMNE-2003),Zvenigorod, Moscow district, Russia, October 6-10, 200

Modeling of immune life history and body growth: the role of antigen burden

In this paper, a recently developed mathematical model of age related changes in population of peripheral T cells (Romanyukha, Yashin, 2003) is used to describe ontogenetic changes of the immune system. The treatise is based on the assumption of linear dependence of antigen load from basal metabolic rate, which, in turn, depends on body mass following the allometric relationship – 3/4 power scaling law (Kleiber, 1932; West, Brown, 2005). Energy cost of antigen burden, i.e. the energy needed to produce and maintain immune cells plus the energy loss due to infectious diseases, is estimated and used as a measure of the immune system effectiveness. The dependence of optimal resource allocation from the parameters of antigen load is studied.

Method and Experimental Setup for the Study of the Local Current Distribution in Conducting Micro-and Nanostructures

The method for the study of the spatial distribution of current in micro-and nanostructures on the measured magnetic field is presented. The methods of studies the magnetic field distribution of conducting nanostructures by passing a transport current are considered. The technique of current recovery from experimental data is offered. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/3522

Processing of Discard Tailings and Non-conventional raw Materials using efficient upgrading Processes

At Russian alluvial deposits , precious metals are nor-mally recovered with the aid of simple ore dressing units, such as washing slices.Particles of precious metals with a size of less than 100 um are not recovered by this method. Centrifugal apparatus and processing technology have been developed for recovery of fine and ultra fine particles of precious metals ensuring recoveries of up to 90-97% and producing a product containing 1-2% Au. This technology is environmentally sound and does not impose any nega-tive impact on the ambient environment. The tailings generated by a DM-250 dredge have a gold content front 0.5 to 1.5 g/t, of which about 85% has it particle size, of less than 50 um. The use of proposed centrifugal equipment at an alluvial operation for processing of dredge tailings made it possible to produce concentrate with a gold content of 1.1 kg /tat with a gold recovery of 92.7%

Continuation of the exponentially small transversality for the splitting of separatrices to a whiskered torus with silver ratio

We study the exponentially small splitting of invariant manifolds of whiskered (hyperbolic) tori with two fast frequencies in nearly-integrable Hamiltonian systems whose hyperbolic part is given by a pendulum. We consider a torus whose frequency ratio is the silver number $\Omega=\sqrt{2}-1$. We show that the Poincar\'e-Melnikov method can be applied to establish the existence of 4 transverse homoclinic orbits to the whiskered torus, and provide asymptotic estimates for the tranversality of the splitting whose dependence on the perturbation parameter $\varepsilon$ satisfies a periodicity property. We also prove the continuation of the transversality of the homoclinic orbits for all the sufficiently small values of $\varepsilon$, generalizing the results previously known for the golden number.Comment: 17 pages, 2 figure

Distance Education: Imbalance between Possibilities and Threats

Purpose: To quantify the opportunities and threats arising from the spontaneous expansion of distance learning in the wake of the pandemic and measures to counteract its spread.Research methods: ex-pert analysis, fuzzy logic, comparative analysis.Results and conclusions. The analysis of three groups of experts’ opinions: employers, university professors and students showed not-high values of revealed possibilities, connected with distance learning. Among them the average level of assessment reached: the increase of the level of computer literacy and the possibility of learning without disconnecting from the main activity in any geographical location. The latter opportunity is given more importance by employers than by teachers and students. Many threats of distance learning are evaluated as having a very high and high importance. The highest level of threat of reduction of the level of practical knowledge is marked by all expert groups. Almost the same level of significance was assigned by all expert groups to the negative impact of long-term computer use on students’ health. Opinions of expert groups differ with regard to other threats. Employers are the most cautious about them, they single out several other significant threats connected with the learning process – decrease of emotional component of the educational process and teachers’ lack of mastery of computer technologies which does not provide transfer of the necessary amount of information to students. Teachers and students assess these threats as less significant. The threats noted actualize the need to: strengthen the practical orientation of training in both distance and face-to-face format, expanding the competence of teaching staff in the field of computer technology, developing a system to counteract the negative impact of long-term use of computers on the health of students