Management of the Immunization among the Population of the Amur Region under Emergency Situation

Extended is the experience in management of immunization among the population based on epidemic indications under emergency situation associated with the large-scale flooding. Performance of non-specific prophylaxis in the period of flood relief, in particular mass immunization of the population against viral hepatitis A, typhoid fever, Sonne dysentery and flue, as well as carrying out preventive phage delivery to the most vulnerable strata of the citizenry along with other anti-epidemic and prophylactic activities have made it possible to hold the control over morbidity rate on the long-term average annual levels and avoid aggravation of epidemiological situation in the region

Management of the Activities that Address the Problems of Consumers Rights Protection as Regards Financial and Insurance Services Delivered to the Population Exposed to the Large-Scale High Water in the Amur Region

Worked out by the Rospotrebnadzor Administration in cooperation with the Amur Region Government and the head office of the Central Bank of Russia was a plan of operation aimed at the provision of financial loan consumers’ rights protection through the implementation of simplified repayment procedure. Rospotrebnadzor Administration charged itself with the responsibility to inform and provide counseling to affected borrowers and to gather the data on their numbers and the volume of the credits allowed. The measures undertaken made it possible to delay the deadlines and decision making on the financial problems emerged, which concerned the repayment of debts, all in order to use the available sums for elimination of consequences and aftermaths of the disaster

Field induced quantum-Hall ferromagnetism in suspended bilayer graphene

We have measured the magneto-resistance of freely suspended high-mobility bilayer graphene. For magnetic fields $B>1$ T we observe the opening of a field induced gap at the charge neutrality point characterized by a diverging resistance. For higher fields the eight-fold degenerated lowest Landau level lifts completely. Both the sequence of this symmetry breaking and the strong transition of the gap-size point to a ferromagnetic nature of the insulating phase developing at the charge neutrality point.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure

Снижение дефицита пропускных способностей железнодорожных направлений за счёт внедрения интервального регулирования движения поездов

The article presents various options for technical and technological provisions to develop the capacity of railway lines, where there is a need to master the increasing volumes of traffic caused by various factors, for example, changes in national and world cargo flows, passenger flows.The paper considers provisions undertaken to adopt and effectively implement a new technology of virtual coupling in the interval regulation of train traffic in the conditions of limited railway capacity which makes it possible to reduce inter-train intervals, electricity costs of traction as well as of infrastructure maintenance. This type of interval control allows controlling the following locomotive considering the information that is transmitted over the radio from the locomotive of the pilot train in front. The problems that arise during the traffic process controlled through virtual coupling mode are also identified followed by the model calculations referring to a system being introduced of stimulation and bonuses awarding intended for assistant station masters and traffic dispatchers of traction divisions respective of the number of dispatched and transit trains controlled through virtual coupling mode.В статье приведены различные варианты технических и технологических мероприятий по развитию пропускных способностей железнодорожных направлений, где имеется потребность в освоении возрастающих объёмов перевозок, вызванных различными факторами, в том числе, изменением национальных и мировых грузо- и пассажиропотоков.В работе рассмотрены мероприятия, осуществляемые в целях внедрения и эффективного использования новой технологии «виртуальной сцепки» при интервальном регулировании движения поездов в условиях ограниченных пропускных способностей железнодорожных направлений, позволяющей сократить межпоездные интервалы, расходы электроэнергии на тягу, а также на содержание инфраструктуры. Такой вид интервального регулирования позволяет управлять ведомым локомотивом с учётом информации, которая передается по радиоканалу с локомотива ведущего поезда. Выявлены проблемы, которые возникают при пропуске поездов, следующих в режиме «виртуальная сцепка».Приведены примерные расчёты, связанные с внедряемой системой мотивации дежурно-диспетчерского персонала дирекций управления движением и премированием работников дирекций тяги за каждый отправленный и проследовавший по участку поезд в режиме интервального регулирования

Concerning Preventive Activities Providing Control over Morbidity Rates in Reference to Flue, ARVI, and Community-Acquired Pneumonia in the Amur Region in the Post-Flooding Period

It is supposed that after exposure to impacts of the large-scale high water on the background of chronic persistent stress, immune activity of the organism is decreased, which may lead to sanitary-epidemiological implications and contribute to morbidity rate increment as regards a number of relevant nosological entities among the population of the devastated territory. Statistically community-acquired pneumonias are still one of the key factors for infectious morbidity, hospitalization and mortality rate in the region. They are indicators for organization of medical assistance to the population. Therewith, evaluated has been morbidity rate in reference to acute respiratory viral infections and community-acquired pneumonias in the Amur Region for the past three years, assessed has been epidemiological situation throughout 2013. Morbidity rate as regards community-acquired pneumonias in the Amur Region over the surveyed period (2010-2013) has turned out to be two times higher than the national one, and 60-70 % - than that throughout the Far Eastern Federal district. In order to avoid distribution of the acute respiratory viral infections, flue, and community-acquired pneumonias and epidemic foci formation in the territory of the Amur Region in the post-flooding period, established is a complex of sanitary-anti-epidemic (prophylactic) and remedial measures. Besides of that, identified are the main areas of activities aimed at stabilization of the situation as a long term strategy

Influence of freeze-thaw events on carbon dioxide emission from soils at different moisture and land use

BACKGROUND: The repeated freeze-thaw events during cold season, freezing of soils in autumn and thawing in spring are typical for the tundra, boreal, and temperate soils. The thawing of soils during winter-summer transitions induces the release of decomposable organic carbon and acceleration of soil respiration. The winter-spring fluxes of CO(2 )from permanently and seasonally frozen soils are essential part of annual carbon budget varying from 5 to 50%. The mechanisms of the freeze-thaw activation are not absolutely clear and need clarifying. We investigated the effect of repeated freezing-thawing events on CO(2 )emission from intact arable and forest soils (Luvisols, loamy silt; Central Germany) at different moisture (65% and 100% of WHC). RESULTS: Due to the measurement of the CO(2 )flux in two hours intervals, the dynamics of CO(2 )emission during freezing-thawing events was described in a detailed way. At +10°C (initial level) in soils investigated, carbon dioxide emission varied between 7.4 to 43.8 mg C m(-2)h(-1 )depending on land use and moisture. CO(2 )flux from the totally frozen soil never reached zero and amounted to 5 to 20% of the initial level, indicating that microbial community was still active at -5°C. Significant burst of CO(2 )emission (1.2–1.7-fold increase depending on moisture and land use) was observed during thawing. There was close linear correlation between CO(2 )emission and soil temperature (R(2 )= 0.86–0.97, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Our investigations showed that soil moisture and land use governed the initial rate of soil respiration, duration of freezing and thawing of soil, pattern of CO(2 )dynamics and extra CO(2 )fluxes. As a rule, the emissions of CO(2 )induced by freezing-thawing were more significant in dry soils and during the first freezing-thawing cycle (FTC). The acceleration of CO(2 )emission was caused by different processes: the liberation of nutrients upon the soil freezing, biological activity occurring in unfrozen water films, and respiration of cold-adapted microflora

Quantum magneto-optics of graphite family

The optical conductivity of graphene, bilayer graphene, and graphite in quantizing magnetic fields is studied. Both dynamical conductivities, longitudinal and Hall's, are analytically evaluated. The conductivity peaks are explained in terms of electron transitions. We have shown that trigonal warping can be considered within the perturbation theory for strong magnetic fields larger than 1 T and in the semiclassical approach for weak fields when the Fermi energy is much larger than the cyclotron frequency. The main optical transitions obey the selection rule with \Deltan = 1 for the Landau number n, however the \Deltan = 2 transitions due to the trigonal warping are also possible. The Faraday/Kerr rotation and light transmission/reflection in the quantizing magnetic fields are calculated. Parameters of the Slonczewski-Weiss-McClure model are used in the fit taking into account the previous dHvA measurements and correcting some of them for the case of strong magnetic fields.Comment: 28 pages, 12 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1106.340

Цимолы. 3. Химическое равновесие в системе толуол+изопропилтолуолы

Experimental and literature data were used to determine the effect of process temperature and the ratio of reactants on the composition of equilibrium mixtures formed in the liquid-phase exhaustive alkylation of toluene to propylene. Recommendations for с y menes production were given .На основе экспериментальных и литературных данных определено влияние температуры про-цесса и соотношения реагентов на состав равновесных смесей, образующихся в условиях жид-кофазного исчерпывающего по пропилену алкилирования толуола. Предложен и апробирован подход к прогнозированию констант равновесия реакций переалкилирования и равновесных составов в системе толуол+изопропилтолуолы. Даны рекомендации по выбору условий для получения цимолов

Results of Immunological Screening for Natural-Focal and «Exotic» Infectious Diseases among Certain Population Groups of the Khabarovsk Territory, the Amur Region and the Jewish Autonomous Region

Displayed are the results of examination of immuno-competent local population of the Khabarovsk Territory, the Jewish Autonomous Region, the Amur Region, as well as foreign residents living and temporarily working in the areas, on a wide range of natural-focal bacterial and viral infectious diseases including the causative agents of some “exotic” infections too. Investigations have been carried out with the participation of experts from the specialized anti-epidemic team No. 1 (Irkutsk Research Anti-Plague Institute), who worked in the Amur Region, and a group of laboratory-epidemiological specialists from the team No. 2 - deployed in the Khabarovsk Territory and the Jewish Autonomous Region during the flooding in August-September 2013. The total of 1335 blood sera samples has been tested using serological methods. The findings have revealed the presence of immuno-competent population in the three regions of the Far Eastern Federal district in reference to the agents of natural-focal infectious diseases: tularemia, leptospirosis, yersinioses, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, tick-borne borrelioses, tick-borne viral encephalitis, Californian encephalitis serogroup, Sindbis, West Nile and Dengue fevers. Circulation of Batai and Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever viruses has not been revealed based on serological assays

Analysis of Epidemiological Situation on Leptospiroses in the Amur-River Region. Operational Experience in the Flood Area in 2013, and Forecasting for 2014

For the first time ever mobile SAET units have performed complex investigation of epidemiological situation on leptospiroses in order to provide sanitary-epidemiological welfare of the population in the Amur-River region devastated by high water in 2013. Analyzed have been contemporary published and archival data on morbidity rate and epizootic activity of the natural leptospirosis foci in the Amur-River territory up to 2013. Summarized is the information concerning monitoring over natural focal infections (in particular leptospiroses) in the flooding area, obtained by specialized antiepidemic teams from Irkutsk Research Anti-Plague Institute of Siberia and Far East deployed in Belogorsk town of the Amur Region and Khabarovsk city in 2013. Epizootiological situation during the high water period in the Jewish Autonomous Region has been defined as an extremely adverse, unlike the Khabarovsk Territory and the Amur Region where epizootic process is less expressed. Therewith aggravation of epidemiological situation on leptospiroses in the Amur-River Region in 2014 is not ruled out