INNOVATIVE BREAD TECHNOLOGIES IN AN ACCELERATED METHOD WITH AND WITHOUT THE USE OF SOUCE AND YEAST

The article presents the results of a study of the possibilities of obtaining bread using accelerated technology, and the relationship between the obtained results of a study and the technological processes used to produce bread is considered. The express way of preparing dough on sourdough allows more efficient use of the main and additional raw materials in order to intensify the ripening of the dough and improve the quality of bread. Different technological processes of making bread were used and the revealed pattern between different technological processes, the addition of starters and the quality of bread was analyzed. As a result, the obtained bread products have high organoleptic and physico-chemical properties, corresponding to the prescription composition, and can be taken as the basis for the development of technical documentation for new types of enriched products

Replacement of the aortic valve, ascending aorta and arch in a patient with dextrocardia in the context of situs inversus totalis: a case report

The article discusses a rare case of successful replacement of the aortic valve, ascending  aorta and arch in a patient with dextrocardia  in the context  of situs inversus totalis. Situs inversus is a rare variant of normal anatomy  in which the major visceral organs are mirrored from their normal positions

Surgical treatment of cardiac echinococcosis: a case report

Echinococcosis refers is a chronic disease caused by tapeworms of the order Cyclophyllidea. Echinococcal cysts increase in size slowly and are often asymptomatic, and the symptoms of cardiac echinococcosis are nonspecific, which in turn can make diagnosis difficult. Early diagnosis and surgical treatment of this disease is crucial to prevent severe complications. Considering that the heart is affected extremely rarely, we want to demonstrate the successful surgical treatment

On the collective monograph “Ethnonational processes in the Arctic: trends, problems, and prospects”

The article represents the review of the collective monograph “Ethnonational processes in the Arctic: trends, problems, and prospects.” The monograph is an original joint work of researchers at Russian research centers specializing in the study of the Arctic. The researchers focus on ethnonational processes in the context of the socio-economic, socio-political, legal, socio-cultural development of the Arctic territories of Russia. The interdisciplinary nature of the research, the full coverage of ethnonational policies and subregions, the depth of the study, the visualization of the material with tables, charts, graphs, maps determines not only the academic but also the comprehensive nature of the monograph under review

Современный взгляд на применение методов экстракорпоральной детоксикации при рабдомиолизе (обзор)

Rhabdomyolysis is a syndrome caused by destruction and necrosis of muscle tissue, which is accompanied by the release of intracellular contents into the systemic circulation. The etiology of rhabdomyolysis is multifaceted, however, regardless of the etiological factor, the central element of its pathophysiology is systemic endotoxemia with multiple organ failure syndrome. Acute renal failure is one of the most common manifestations of organ dysfunction. Considering the pathogenetic model of the development of systemic endotoxemia, the timely use of extracorporeal therapy, which reduces mortality in organ failure, seems promising. All the current types of extracorporeal therapy can be divided into convection (hemofiltration), diffusion (hemodialysis), convection/diffusion (hemodiafiltration), sorption (hemoperfusion) and plasma exchange (plasmapheresis, plasma exchange, plasma sorption, etc.) methods based on physical principle.The aim of the review was to summarize the available clinical data on extracorporeal treatments for rhabdomyolysis and to assess the feasibility and best indications for these methods based on the current pathogenetic model of rhabdomyolysis.Material and methods. The search for information was carried out in the Web of Science, Scopus, Medline, PubMed, RSCI, E-library and other databases. Eighty-one sources were identified containing current therapeutic approaches and relevant data of clinical and scientific research on the subject of this review.Results. In this review, the main etiological, epidemiological and pathogenetic models of acute renal injury in rhabdomyolysis have been discussed. The main methods of extracorporeal therapy have been reviewed and evaluated based on current understanding, and latest clinical data on their effectiveness have been summarized.Conclusion. The choice of the optimal extracorporeal treatment method, the time of initiation and duration of the procedure still remain controversial. The solution to this issue can potentially help to better correct the electrolyte disturbances and could protect against organ dysfunction, which would improve the outcome in patients with rhabdomyolysis.Рабдомиолиз это синдром, обусловленный разрушением и некрозом мышечной ткани, который сопровождается выбросом внутриклеточного содержимого в системный кровоток. Этиология рабдомиолиза многогранна, однако при нем, вне зависимости от этиологического фактора, центральным элементом патофизиологического процесса, является развитие системного эндотоксикоза и синдрома полиорганной недостаточности. Одним из частых проявлений органной дисфункции является острое почечное повреждение. Учитывая патогенетическую модель развития системного эндотоксикоза, весьма перспективным и целесообразным видится своевременное применение экстракорпоральной терапии, позволяющей снизить вероятность летального исхода при развитии органной дисфункции. Все применяемые методы экстракорпоральной терапии по физическим принципам можно поделить на конвекционные (гемофильтрация), диффузионные (гемодиализ), конвекционнодиффузионные (гемодиафильтрация), сорбционные (гемоперфузия) и плазмообменные методы лечения (плазмаферез, плазмообмен, плазмосорбция и др.).Цель обзора. Обобщить имеющиеся клинические данные по экстракорпоральным методам лечения при рабдомиолизе. Оценить целесообразность применения и точки приложения методов с точки зрения современной патогенетической модели развития рабдомиолиза.Материал. Поиск информации осуществляли в базах данных: Web of Science, Scopus, Medline, PubMed, РИНЦ, E-library и др. Отобрали 81 литературный источник, содержащий современные лечебные подходы в решении поставленной задачи, а также актуальные данные клинических и научных исследований по теме обзора.Результаты. В данном обзоре рассмотрели основные этиологические, эпидемиологические и патогенетические модели развития острого почечного повреждения при рабдомиолизе. С современной точки зрения рассмотрели и проанализировали основные методы экстракорпоральной терапии и привели актуальные клинические данные по их эффективности.Заключение. Выбор оптимального экстракорпорального метода лечения, время начала и длительность проведения процедур в настоящее время является дискутабельной и не решенной научной проблемой. Решение данной задачи, может способствовать не только коррекции электролитных нарушений, но протекции органной дисфункции и как следствие — улучшению результатов лечения больных с рабдомиолизом

Modified Ross operation (literature review)

One of the surgical methods for treating aortic valve pathology is the Ross operation, which was proposed by the British cardiac surgeon D. Ross in 1967. Numerous studies have shown excellent long-term outcomes of this operation. However, in some patients, pulmonary autograft dilatation may occur in the long term. To avoid this complication, technical modifications of this procedure have been proposed. A literature review on modified Ross operation as a prevention of pulmonary autograft dilatation is presented

Pulmonary homograft dysfunction after Ross procedure in adults: a single center experience

The Ross procedure was first proposed by Donald Ross in 1967. Numerous studies show excellent long-term outcomes of the Ross operation. One of its disadvantages is the intervention on two valves due to pulmonary homograft dysfunction.Aim.  To study long-term outcomes of pulmonary homograft use after Ross operation (cumulative incidence of pulmonary homograft dysfunction, freedom from reoperation on pulmonary homograft, long-term survival, predictors of pulmonary homograft dysfunction) using data from one Russian center.Material  and  methods. A retrospective study included patients aged 18 years and older with aortic valve disease who underwent Ross procedure from April 2009 to December 2020 by a single surgeon. The age of the patients was 35 (26-44) years (men, 159 (75%)). Infective endocarditis as a cause of aortic valve pathology was diagnosed in 55 (26%) patients. Bicuspid aortic valve was diagnosed in 131 (62%) patients. The median follow-up period was 79 (26,5102,7) months.Results. Combined interventions were performed in 40 cases (18,9%). The modified Ross procedure was used in 54 (25,5%) cases (intra-aortic — 29, using Dacron tube graft — 25). Inhospital mortality was 0,5%. The 5- and 10-year allcause survival rates were 98,5% and 95,4%, while the 10-year cumulative pulmonary valve reoperation rate and pulmonary homograft dysfunction was 4,6% and 35,2%, respectively. The only factor affecting pulmonary homograft dysfunction was patient age ≤30 years (odds ratio =0,2 with 95% confidence interval: 0,06-0,7; p=0,02).Conclusion. Fresh pulmonary homografts have a low incidence of dysfunction and reintervention after Ross procedure. Young age is the only independent risk factor for pulmonary homograft dysfunction

Pregnancyas a cause of varicose veins of the genital organs (Literature review)

A review of the literature is presented in which the authors consider the problem of varicose veins (RVV) of the pelvic organs. The first cases of the disease description by domestic and foreign scientists are given. It was found that of 25% of all patients with varicose veins (WB) 2/3 are women and in 75% of cases the pathology develops during pregnancy. According to the literature in the etiology and pathogenesis of ERW of the genitals during pregnancy, there was a mechanical theory of vasodilation, which was that the increasing uterus compresses the veins of the pelvic organs, leading to increased hydrostatic pressure, lower blood flow rate. Other authors believe that this theory does not explain the complex pathogenesis of vascular wall dilation and why, in some cases, the disease appears in the early stages of gestation, when the mechanical effect of the pregnant uterus is not yet expressed? It is believed that an equally important role is played by ovarian occlusion and pelvic vein thrombosis in history. Arteriovenous dysplasia of the deep veins of the lower extremities and compression of the veins by the pelvic organs (pregnant uterus, retro and anteflexio of the uterus, which leads to an in-flection of the uterine ligaments with a further violation of the outflow of venous blood) are also important. The problem is very urgent, since a large part of wom-en with external and internal genital organs often occurs at a young age, is latent, and the doctor does not always associate these processes with pregnancy and childbirth.Представлен обзор литературы, в котором авторы рассматривают проблему варикозного расширения вен (ВРВ) органов малого таза. Приведены первые случаи описания заболевания отечественными и зарубежными учеными. Установлено, что из 25% всех страдающих варикозной болезнью (ВБ) 2/3 составляют женщины и при этом в 75% случаях патология развивается во время беременности. По данным литературы в этиологии и патогенезе ВРВ половых органов во время беременности существовала механическая теория возникновения расширения сосудов, которая заключалась в том, что увеличивающаяся матка сдавливает вены тазовых органов, приводящее к повышению гидростатического давления, снижению скорости кровотока. другие авторы считают, что данная теория не объясняет сложный патогенез дилатации сосудистой стенки и почему в некоторых случаях заболевание появляется в ранних сроках гестации, когда механическое влияние беременной матки еще не выражено? Считается, что не менее важную роль играет окклюзия яичниковых и тромбоз тазовых вен в анамнезе. так же имеет значение артериовенозная дисплазия глубоких вен нижних конечностей и компрессия вен органами малого таза (беременная матка, retro и anteflexio матки, которая приводит к перегибу маточных связок с дальнейшим нарушением оттока венозной крови). Проблема очень актуальна, так как у значительной части женщин ВРВ наружных и внутренних половых органов чаще всего возникает в молодом возрасте, протекает латентно, и врач не всегда связывает эти процессы с беременностью и родами