295 research outputs found
Feasibility of implementing the advanced HIV disease care package as part of community-based HIV/TB activities: a mixed-methods study protocol
INTRODUCTION: Although the advanced HIV disease (AHD) care package reduces morbidity and mortality in people with AHD (defined in people living with HIV as WHO stage 3 or 4, CD4 count <200 cells/microL or age <5 years), it is barely implemented in many countries. A novel point-of-care CD4 test rapidly identifies AHD. We evaluate the feasibility of implementing the AHD care package as part of community-based HIV/tuberculosis services. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: This two-phased study is guided by the Medical Research Council framework for evaluation of complex interventions. Stage 1 is a stakeholder consultation to define tools and indicators to assess feasibility of the AHD care package. Stage 2 is the implementation of the AHD care package during a facility-based tuberculosis diagnostic accuracy study in high-burden HIV/tuberculosis settings. Consenting adults with tuberculosis symptoms in two sites in Lesotho and South Africa are eligible for inclusion. HIV-positive participants are included in the feasibility study and are offered a CD4 test, a tuberculosis-lipoarabinomannan assay and those with CD4 count of </=200 cells/microL a cryptococcal antigen lateral flow assay. Participants are referred for clinical management following national guidelines. The evaluation includes group discussions, participant observation (qualitative strand) and a semistructured questionnaire to assess acceptability among implementers. The quantitative strand also evaluates process compliance (process rating and process cascade) and early outcomes (vital and treatment status after twelve weeks). Thematic content analysis, descriptive statistics and data triangulation will be performed. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The National Health Research and Ethics Committee, Lesotho, the Human Sciences Research Council Research Ethics Committee and Provincial Department of Health, South Africa and the Ethikkommission Nordwest- und Zentralschweiz, Switzerland, approved the protocol. Dissemination will happen locally and internationally at scientific conferences and in peer-reviewed journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT04666311
Gamow-Teller Strengths for Neutrino Detectors
This research was sponsored by the National Science Foundation Grant NSF PHY-931478
The Gamow-Teller Strength Function for 37-Cl â 37-Ar
This research was sponsored by the National Science Foundation Grant NSF PHY-931478
The Indiana University Neutron Polarization Facility (INPOL)
This research was sponsored by the National Science Foundation Grant NSF PHY-931478
Assessment of a viral load result-triggered automated differentiated service delivery model for people taking ART in Lesotho (the VITAL study): study protocol of a cluster-randomized trial
INTRODUCTION: To sustainably provide good quality care to increasing numbers of people living with HIV (PLHIV) receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in resource-limited settings, care delivery must shift from a "one-size-fits-all" approach to differentiated service delivery models. Such models should reallocate resources from PLHIV who are doing well to groups of PLHIV who may need more attention, such as those with treatment failure. The VIral load Triggered ART care Lesotho (VITAL) trial assesses a viral load (VL)-, participant's preference-informed, electronic health (eHealth)-supported, automated differentiated service delivery model (VITAL model). With VITAL, we aim to assess if the VITAL model is at least non-inferior to the standard of care in the proportion of participants engaged in care with viral suppression at 24 months follow-up and if it is cost-saving. METHODS: The VITAL trial is a pragmatic, multicenter, cluster-randomized, non-blinded, non-inferiority trial with 1:1 allocation conducted at 18 nurse-led, rural health facilities in two districts of northern Lesotho, enrolling adult PLHIV taking ART. In intervention clinics, providers are trained to implement the VITAL model and are guided by a clinical decision support tool, the VITALapp. VITAL differentiates care according to VL results, clinical characteristics, sub-population and participants' and health care providers' preferences. EXPECTED OUTCOMES: Evidence on the effect of differentiated service delivery for PLHIV on treatment outcomes is still limited. This pragmatic cluster-randomized trial will assess if the VITAL model is at least non-inferior to the standard of care and if it is cost saving. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study has been registered with clinicaltrials.gov (Registration number NCT04527874; August 27, 2020)
A Measurement of Gamow-Teller Strength for 176Yb -> 176Lu and the Efficiency of a Solar Neutrino Detector
We report a 0-degree 176Yb(p,n)176Lu measurement at IUCF where we used 120
and 160 MeV protons and the energy dependence method to determine GT matrix
elements relative to the Fermi matrix element which can be calculated model
independently. The data show that there is an isolated concentration of GT
strength in the low lying 1+ states making the proposed Low Energy Neutrino
Spectroscopy (LENS) detector (based on neutrino captures on 176Yb) sensitive to
7Be and pp neutrinos and a promising detector to resolve the solar neutrino
problem.Comment: 11 pages, LATEX, 4 eps figure
Constraints on (2060) Chiron's size, shape, and surrounding material from the November 2018 and September 2019 stellar occultations
After the discovery of rings around the largest known Centaur object, (10199)
Chariklo, we carried out observation campaigns of stellar occultations produced
by the second-largest known Centaur object, (2060) Chiron, to better
characterize its physical properties and presence of material on its
surroundings. We predicted and successfully observed two stellar occultations
by Chiron. These observations were used to constrain its size and shape by
fitting elliptical limbs with equivalent surface radii in agreement with
radiometric measurements. Constraints on the (2060) Chiron shape are reported
for the first time. Assuming an equivalent radius of R =
105 km, we obtained a semi-major axis of a = 126 22 km.
Considering Chiron's true rotational light curve amplitude and assuming it has
a Jacobi equilibrium shape, we were able to derive a 3D shape with a semi-axis
of a = 126 22 km, b = 109 19 km, and c = 68 13 km, implying
in a volume-equivalent radius of R = 98 17 km, implying a density
of 1119 4 kg m. We determined the physical properties of the 2011
secondary events around Chiron, which may then be directly compared with those
of Chariklo rings, as the same method was used. Data obtained from SAAO in 2018
do not show unambiguous evidence of the proposed rings, mainly due to the large
sampling time. Meanwhile, we discarded the possible presence of a permanent
ring similar to (10199) Chariklo's C1R in optical depth and extension. Using
the first multi-chord stellar occultation by (2060) Chiron and considering it
to have a Jacobi equilibrium shape, we derived its 3D shape. New observations
of a stellar occultation by (2060) Chiron are needed to further investigate the
material's properties around Chiron, such as the occultation predicted for
September 10, 2023
Glandular Odontogenic Cyst: Report of Two Cases and Review of Literature
Glandular odontogenic cyst (GOC) is an uncommon jaw bone cyst of odontogenic origin described in 1987 by Gardner et al. It is a cyst having an unpredictable and potentially aggressive behaviour. It also has the propensity to grow to a large size and tendency to recur with only 111 cases having been reported thus far. The first case occurred in a 42-year-old female and presented as a localized swelling extending from 19 to 29 regions. There was a history of traumatic injury at the site. There was evidence of bicortical expansion and radiographs revealed a multilocular radiolucency. The second case occurred in a 21-year-old male, as a large swelling in the mandible and radiograph revealed radiolucency in the region. On histopathological examination, these lesions were diagnosed as GOC. It was concluded that, two cases submitted by us correlate with the existing literature that GOCâs affect more commonly in the middle age group, having predilection for mandible and that trauma could be a precipitating factor for its occurrence. The increased recurrence rates can be due to its intrinsic biological behavior, multilocularity of the cyst, and incomplete removal of the lining following conservative treatment
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