Chemistry of peroxide compounds

The history of Soviet research from 1866 to 1967 on peroxide compounds is reviewed. This research dealt mainly with peroxide kinetics, reactivity and characteristics, peroxide production processes, and more recently with superoxides and ozonides and emphasis on the higher oxides of group 1 and 2 elements. Solid state fluidized bed synthesis and production of high purity products based on the relative solubilities of the initial, intermediate, and final compounds and elements in liquid ammonia are discussed

SCIENCE-ART: THE UNITY OF SCIENCE AND ART

The article looks into the current and near-future challenges that necessitate a different lifestyle and way of thinking. The unity of science and art (Science-Art) is viewed in the context of these challenges as a way to respond to them. The article suggests building the unity of Science-Art upon the combination of the two science principles: economy of thought and redundancy of thought, which is typical for the artistic way of thinking. The article cites S. Pereslegin’s classification of thinking patterns and main features of scientific, artistic and engineering ways of thinking. The article shows impossibility of Science-Art within scientific monolectical thinking. It demonstrates that the condition for the unity of science and art is rising to dia- and trialectic levels of thinking; and the carriers of the Science-Art unity are currently engineers

Работоспособность базовых станций в цифровых сетях радиосвязи железнодорожного транспорта

Base station (BS) is a terminal device of a radio communication network, while railway radio communications play an important role in ensuring safety of passenger and cargo transportation.A proposed method for calculating the performance of base stations in railway digital radio communication networks is intended to calculate for the BS the probabilities of being in certain state.BS was decomposed and such functional elements as circuit groups and a radio frequency path were identified, as well as the central module ensuring the exchange of information with elements of this BS and with other BSs. A detailed study of each element has increased accuracy of the proposed method. Following the Markov model, BS is presented as a system in which all possible states are considered. Models for BS with two and three circuit groups have been constructed. The parameters of each functional element of the model can be obtained through observation over a certain period. The solution of the system of equations for each of the models presented in the article will allow obtaining the values of the system being in a certain state. The obtained characteristics can be used to calculate the reliability of the entire radio communication network, and then to assess quality of service provided to the users of this network.Conclusions are made about the possibilities of using the obtained models when designing new railway communication networks and when calculating quality indices of existing ones. The proposed models can be applied not only to railway radio communication networks but also to mobile communication networks of commercial operators. Базовая станция (БС) является оконечным устройством сети радиосвязи, а радиосвязь на железнодорожном транспорте играет важную роль в обеспечении безопасности перевозок пассажиров и грузов.Предлагается методика расчёта работоспособности базовых станций в цифровых сетях радиосвязи железнодорожного транспорта с целью рассчитать вероятности нахождения БС в определённых состояниях.Произведена декомпозиция БС и выделены такие функциональные элементы, как пучки каналов связи, радиочастотный тракт и центральный модуль, обеспечивающий обмен информацией с элементами данной и других БС. Детально исследован каждый элемент, что повысило точность предлагаемой методики. В соответствии с Марковской моделью БС представлена как система, в которой учтены все возможные состояния. Построены модели для БС с двумя и тремя пучками каналов. Параметры каждого функционального элемента модели могут быть получены с помощью наблюдения в течение определённого периода времени. Решение системы уравнений для каждой из приведённых в статье моделей позволит получить значения нахождения системы в определённом состоянии. Полученные характеристики можно использовать для расчёта надёжности всей сети радиосвязи, а в итоге для оценки качества обслуживания абонентов этой сети.Сделаны выводы о возможностях применения полученных моделей при проектировании новых и расчёте показателей качества существующих сетей связи железнодорожного транспорта. Предложенные модели могут применяться не только для сетей радиосвязи железнодорожного транспорта, но и для сетей подвижной связи коммерческих операторов.

SIMULATION PROCESS OF REMOVING NON-METALLIC INCLUSIONS IN ALUMINUM ALLOYS USING THE PROGRAM FLOW-3D

The perspective materials for making fining preparations for the silumins are the calcium and strontium carbonates from the environmental safety point of view are shown. Principle possibility of using dispersed carbonates in the fining mixtures is confirmed by late inoculation process research using simulation FLOW-3D.The high efficiency of the fining mixture with the inoculants effect is confirmed by the industrial test