The role of the Internet in formation of the protest mood of the region’s population

This article analyses the degree of Internet penetration and the level of involvement of the Vologda region residents in the information and communication space. The author made an attempt to establish the existence of a connection between the protest moods of the residents of the region and the use of Internet resources, including for participation in public life. The information and empirical base of the study was the data of the monitoring of public opinion conducted by the Vologda Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the territory of the region.The results of the study showed that in recent years there has been a significant increase in the use of Internet technologies and social networks. According to calculations, the demand for information provided by the electronic mass media is increasing among the residents of the region who show protest moods, and the level of trust in this communication channel is growing. However, there is no direct correlation between the dynamics of the growth of Internet engagement and protest moods. The Internet and social media are not a factor of protest potential. They act as an information and communication platform that creates a technical opportunity for public discussion and facilitates the organization of protest moods. At the same time, the Internet can strengthen the effect of other factors, such as: dissatisfaction of the population with their own material well-being and the general economic situation in the country and the region, disapproval of the activities of the authorities, uncertainty of prospects and uncertainty in the future

Public sentiment of the population in the new social reality: a municipal cross-section

The article analyses the dynamics of public sentiment of residents of the Vologda Region. The author’s methodology for index analysis of public sentiment of the region, using the results of sociological monitoring, has been presented. At the same time, the main emphasis has been made on assessing the peculiarities of public sentiment of residents of municipalities – the cities of Vologda and Cherepovets in the context of changing social reality. The results of the study showed that the analysis of public sentiment in the monitoring regime makes it possible to obtain important information about the quality of state and municipal administration and determine the areas for improving their effectiveness, which is particularly relevant in the context of the socio-economic and epidemiological crisis

RENAL FUNCTION IN PEDIATRIC PATIENTS

The review provides basic information to evaluation of renal function in children. Consider the formula calculation of glomerular filtration rate based on creatinine, cystatin C, β2-microglobulin. Particular attention is paid to renal function in children after renal transplantation

The current state of the problem of in vitrogene pool preservation in poultry

This review presents the current progress in and approaches to in vitroconservation of reproductive cells of animals, including birds, such as cryopreservation and freeze-drying, as well as epigenetic conditions for re storing viable spermatozoa and female gametes after conservation. Cryopreservation is an effective way to preserve reproductive cells of various species of animals and birds. In vitrogene pool conservation is aimed primarily to the restoration of extinct breeds and populations and to the support of genetic diversity in populations prone to genetic drift. It is the combination of ex situ in vivoand ex situ in vitromethods that can form the basic principles of the strategy of animal genetic diversity preservation. Also, use of cryopreserved semen allows faster breeding in industrial poultry farming. Despite numerous advances in semen cryobiology, new methods that can more efficiently restore semen fertility after cryopreservation are being sought. The mechanisms underlying the effect of cryopreservation on the semen parameters of cocks are insufficiently understood. The review reflects the results of recent research in the field of cryopreservation of female and male germ cells, embryonic cells, the search for new ways in the field of genetic diversity in vitro (the development of new cryoprotective media and new conservation technologies: freeze-drying). Molecular aspects of cryopreservation and the mechanisms of cryopreservation influence on the epigenetic state of cells are highlighted. Data on the results of studies in the field of male reproductive cell lyophilization are presented. The freeze-drying of reproductive cells, as a technology for cheaper access to the genetic material of wild and domestic animals, compared to cryopreservation, attracts the attention of scientists in Japan, Israel, Egypt, Spain, and France. There is growing interest in the use of lyophilized semen in genetic engineering technologies. Methods of freeze-drying are developed taking into account the species of birds. Organizational and legal ways of solving the problems of in vitroconservation of genetic resources of farm animals, including birds, are proposed

Hepcidin as a Regulator of Iron Metabolism and Mediator of Inflammation in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure and Anemia of Chronic Diseases of the Elderly and Senile Age

Aim. To study the role of hepcidin as a regulator of iron metabolism and a mediator of inflammation in elderly and senile patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) with anemia of chronic diseases (ACD).Material and methods. The levels of hemogram parameters, ferrokinetics (serum iron, ferritin, transferrin, erythropoietin, hepcidin), inflammation [C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6)], as well as correlations between hepcidin and these parameters were studied in patients with CHF with ACD (n=35), with CHF without anemia (n=35) and in elderly and senile patients without CHF and anemia (control group; n=20).Results. Normal levels of hepcidin (9.17±0.97 ng/ml) and the only significant correlation of hepcidin with the ferrokinetic parameter – serum iron [r(S)=0.480, p<0.05] were found in the control group. Normal levels of hepcidin (12.01±1.19 ng/ml) and two significant correlations of hepcidin with the ferrokinetic parameter – ferritin [r(S)=0.525, p<0.05] and transferrin [r(S)=-0.343, p<0.05] were found in the CHF without anemia group. Significantly elevated levels of hepcidin (23.81±3.63 ng/ml) were found in the CHF with ACD group compared to the CHF without anemia group (p=0.008) and the control group (p=0.003). Also, five significant correlations of hepcidin with hemogram parameters – hemoglobin [r(S)=-0.461, p<0.05] and the average concentration of hemoglobin in the erythrocyte [r(S)=-0.437, p<0.05]; with ferrokinetic parameters – ferritin [r(S)=0.596,p<0.05] and transferrin [r(S)=-0.474, p<0.05]; with inflammation parameters – CRP [r(S)=0.561, p<0.05] were found in the CHF with ACD group.Conclusion. The increased level of hepcidin in CHF patients with ACD and the formation of links of hepcidin with indicators of inflammation reflect its role as a mediator of inflammation, and the formation of connections with indicators of hemogram and ferrokinetics – its role as a regulator of iron metabolism involved in the development of ACD in elderly and senile CHF patients

Оцінювання біолого-екологічних властивостей деревних ліан в умовах міста Херсон

According to the results of our research in the city of Kherson, 31 species of woody lianas were found. Most lianas are deciduous, only one species Hedera taurica Carrière is evergreen and one species of semi-evergreen lianas is Lonicera periclymenum L. All woody lianas used in landscaping of Kherson are introduced species. Indicators of the successful growth and ontogenesis of introduced species in new conditions for them are their winter hardiness, drought resistance, resistance to pests and diseases, as well as the ability to reproduce. Each property is calculated according to the appropriate scale. The average values for the properties are calculated and expressed in points for each species. Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch., P. tricuspidata (Siebold & Zucc.) Planch., Lonicera caprifolium L., Campsis radicans (L.) Seem., Actinidia kolomikta (Rupr.) Maxim. Clematis jackmanii Moore turned out to be the most winter-hardy lianas in the studied conditions. We consider drought resistance of woody plants in the steppe zone to be one of the most important ecological and biological properties; it is an adaptation characteristic of the species. The five-point scale chosen takes into account the effects of drought and the need for watering. The highest score of drought tolerance is presented only by Fallopia baldshuanica (Regel) Holub and Wisteria sinensis (Sims) Sweet. Other species are less drought-resistant. Resistance to diseases and pests is an important factor influencing the course of introduction. It was found that the most resistant are Celastrus scandens L., Lonicera periclymenum L., L. brownii (Reg.) Carr., L. japonica Thunb., Menispermum canadense L., Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Ваill., Wisteria sinensis (Sims) Sweet. The ability to form viable seeds and self-seeding in new condition also indicates successful naturalization. Wisteria sinensis, Periploca graeca L., Ampelopsis aconitifolia Bge, Clematis manschurica Rupr., C. glauka Willd. abundantly form self-seeding. Determination of adaptation coefficient of woody lianas showed that the most suitable for the study conditions are as follows: Ampelopsis aconitifolia, Campsis radicans, Celastrus orbiculata Thunb., Clematis jackmanii, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, P. tricuspidata, Lonicera caprifolium, L. giraldii Rehd., Fallopia baldshuanica (Regel) Holub, F. auberti (Henry) Holub, Menispermum canadense, Wisteria sinensis, Periploca graeca. Other species are of limited promise for vertical gardening of the city of Kherson, but their use is possible with careful selection of the planting site and providing proper care for them.У ході досліджень на території Херсона виявлено 31 вид деревних витких рослин. Встановлено, що всі деревні ліани, що використовуються в озелененні міста, є інтродуцентами. Показниками їх успішного зростання та онтогенезу у нових умовах є зимостійкість, посухостійкість, стійкість до шкідників та хвороб, а також здатність до розмноження. Найбільш зимостійкими ліанами в досліджених умовах виявились Parthenocissus quinquefolia (L.) Planch., P. tricuspidata (Siebold & Zucc.) Planch., Lonicera caprifolium L., Campsis radicans (L.) Seem., Actinidia kolomikta (Rupr.) Maxim. та Clematis jackmanii Moore. Найвищий бал посухостійкості присвоєний тільки Fallopia baldshuanica (Regel) Holub та Wisteria sinensis (Sims) Sweet. Інші види менш посухостійкі. Важливим чинником, який впливає на хід інтродукції, є стійкість до хвороб та шкідників. Виявлено, що найбільш стійкими є Celastrus scandens L., Lonicera periclymenum L., L. brownii (Reg.) Carr., L. japonica Thunb., Menispermum canadense L., Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Ваill., Wisteria sinensis (Sims) Sweet. Рясно самосів утворюють Wisteria sinensis, Periploca graeca L., Ampelopsis aconitifolia Bge, Clematis manschurica Rupr., C. glauka Willd. Інші виткі рослини частіше розмножуються вегетативним шляхом. За результатами визначення коефіцієнта адаптації деревних ліан з'ясовано, що за комплексом ознак найбільш пристосовані до умов дослідження Ampelopsis aconitifolia, Campsis radicans, Celastrus orbiculata Thunb., Clematis jackmanii, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, P. tricuspidata, Lonicera caprifolium, L. giraldii Rehd., Fallopia baldshuanica (Regel) Holub, F. auberti (Henry) Holub, Menispermum canadense, Wisteria sinensis, Periploca graeca. Інші види є обмежено перспективними або малоперспективними для вертикального озеленення міста, однак їх використання можливе при ретельному підборі місця посадки та організації догляду за ними

Genome-wide association studies targeting the yield of extraembryonic fluid and production traits in Russian White chickens

Background: The Russian White is a gene pool breed, registered in 1953 after crossing White Leghorns with local populations and, for 50 years, selected for cold tolerance and high egg production (EL). The breed has great potential in meeting demands of local food producers, commercial farmers and biotechnology sector of specific pathogen-free (SPF) eggs, the former valuing the breed for its egg weight (EW), EL, age at first egg (AFE), body weight (BW), and the latter for its yield of extraembryonic fluid (YEF) in 12.5-day embryos, ratio of extraembryonic fluid to egg weight, and embryo mass. Moreover, its cold tolerance has been presumably associated with day-old chick down colour (DOCDC) white rather than yellow, the genetic basis of these traits being however poorly understood. Results: We undertook genome-wide association studies (GWASs) for eight performance traits using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping of 146 birds and an Illumina 60KBeadChip. Several suggestive associations (p <5.16*10(-5)) were found for YEF, AFE, BW and EW. Moreover, on chromosome 2, an association with the white DOCDC was found where there is an linkage disequilibrium block of SNPs including genes that are responsible not for colour, but for immune resistance. Conclusions: The obtained GWAS data can be used to explore the genetics of immunity and carry out selection for increasing YEF for SPF eggs production.Peer reviewe

Genetic variability in local and imported germplasm chicken populations as revealed by analyzing runs of homozygosity

Simple Summary To maintain the uniqueness of conserved chicken populations of local and imported breeds is of great importance. In this study, we genotyped small populations belonging to 14 breeds and 7 crossbreds using an Illumina Chicken 60K SNP (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) BeadChip and looked for appropriate methods to characterize their purity/variability. It was not straightforward to identify crossbred individuals, and the best approach was based on calculating the length and number of homozygous regions, or runs of homozygosity (ROH), in the populations studied. The latter enabled most accurate identification of crossbreds and can be served as an effective tool in testing genome-wide purity of chicken breeds. Abstract Preserving breed uniqueness and purity is vitally important in developing conservation/breeding programs for a germplasm collection of rare and endangered chicken breeds. The present study was aimed at analyzing SNP genetic variability of 21 small local and imported purebred and F1 crossbred populations and identifying crossbreeding events via whole-genome evaluation of runs of homozygosity (ROH). The admixture models more efficiently reflected population structure, pinpointing crossbreeding events in the presence of ancestral populations but not in their absence. Multidimensional scaling and FST-based analyses did not discriminate properly between purebred populations and F1 crossbreds, especially when comparing related breeds. When applying the ROH-based approach, more and longer ROHs were revealed in purebred individuals/populations, suggesting this as an effective implement in genome-wide analysis of germplasm breed purity

Assessing the effects of rare alleles and linkage disequilibrium on estimates of genetic diversity in the chicken populations

Phenotypic diversity in poultry has been mainly driven by artificial selection and genetic drift. These led to the adaptation to the environment and the development of specific phenotypic traits of chickens in response to their economic use. This study evaluated genetic diversity within and between Russian breeds and populations using Illumina Chicken 60 K SNP iSelect BeadChip by analysing genetic differences between populations with Hudson's fixation index (FST statistic) and heterozygosity. We estimated the effect of rare alleles and linkage disequilibrium (LD) on these measurements. To assess the effect of LD on the genetic diversity population, we carried out the LD-based pruning (LD < 0.5 and LD < 0.1) for seven chicken populations combined (I) or separately (II). LD pruning was specific for different dataset groups. Because of the noticeably large sample size in the RussianWhite RG population, pruningwas substantial for Dataset I, and FST valueswere only positivewhen LD< 0.1 pruning was applied. For Dataset II, the LD pruning results were confirmed by examining heterozygosity and alleles' frequency distribution. LD between single nucleotide polymorphisms was consistent across the seven chicken populations, except the RussianWhite RG populationwith the smallest r2 values and the largest effective population size. Our findings suggest to study variability in each population LD pruning has to be carried separately not after merging to avoid bias in estimates